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- # @(#)europe 4.10
-
- # International country codes are used to identify countries' rules and
- # zones
- #
- # This data is by no means authoritative; if you think you know better, go
- # ahead and edit the file (and please send any changes to
- # ado@ncifcrf.gov for general use in the future).
-
- ###############################################################################
-
- # United Kingdom
-
- # From Arthur David Olson (January 19, 1989):
- #
- # The starting and ending dates below (from which the rules are derived)
- # are from Whitaker's Almanack for 1987, page 146.
- # 1960 is the earliest year for which dates are given;
- # Whitaker's notes that British Summer Time (and, in some years, Double Summer
- # Time) was observed in earlier years but does not give start and end dates.
- #
- # A source at the British Information Office in New York avers that it's
- # known as "British" Summer Time in all parts of the United Kingdom.
- # 1960 April 10 October 2 (yes, 2, according to the almanac)
- # 1961 March 26 October 29
- # 1962 March 25 October 28
- # 1963 March 31 October 27
- # 1964 March 22 October 25
- # 1965 March 21 October 24
- # 1966 March 20 October 23
- # 1967 March 19 October 29
- # 1968 February 18 October 27
- # "British Standard Time, also one hour ahead of G. M. T., was kept between
- # 1968 Oct. 27-1971 Oct. 31."
- # 1972 March 19 October 29
- # 1973 March 18 October 28
- # 1974 March 17 October 27
- # 1975 March 16 October 26
- # 1976 March 21 October 24
- # 1977 March 20 October 23
- # 1978 March 19 October 29
- # 1979 March 18 October 28
- # 1980 March 16 October 26
- # 1981 March 29 October 25
- # 1982 March 28 October 24
- # 1983 March 27 October 23
- # 1984 March 25 October 28
- # 1985 March 31 October 27
- # 1986 March 30 October 26
- # 1987 March 29 October 25
-
- # From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 4, 1989):
- #
- # It is NOT possible to predict when [British Summer Time] will change
- # in a future year.
- #
- # (The admiralty calculate when they think it should be (no more that a couple
- # of years in advance) and advise the government who then decide whether or
- # not they will take the admiralty's advice)
- #
- # ...the Gre[e]nwich...observatory...[was] very helpful.
- #
- # I was not able to track down the Admiralty formula (I tried hard but failed)
-
- # ...
- # Date: 4 Jan 89 08:57:25 GMT (Wed)
- # From: Jonathan Leffler <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!sphinx.co.uk!john>
- # ...
- # [British Summer Time] is fixed annually by Act of Parliament.
- # If you can predict what Parliament will do, you should be in
- # politics making a fortune, not computing.
- #
- # Summer time ends on Sunday 29 October 1989.
-
- # ...
- # Date: 5 Jan 89 09:50:38 GMT (Thu)
- # From: Peter Kendell <nih-csl!uunet!mcvax!tcom.stc.co.uk!pete>
- # ...
- #
- # From my Collins Diary for 1989 -
- #
- # "At the time of going to press the Home Office was unable to confirm
- # the 1989 starting and finishing dates for BST*, but expressed the
- # view that 26 March and 29 October were the likeliest dates to be
- # adopted"
- #
- # *British Summer Time.
-
- # From an Anonymous U. K. Donor (January 5, 1989):
- #
- # . . .our government is seriously considering applying Double Summer Time -
- # putting the clocks forwards and back TWO hours for daylight saving time.
- # This is advocated to standardise time in the EEC - we're all supposed to
- # keep the same time and to change the clocks on the same dates in the future.
-
- # Rule NAME FROM TO TYPE IN ON AT SAVE LETTER/S
- # Historic starting rules
- Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Apr 10 1:00s 1:00 BST
- Rule GB-Eire 1961 1963 - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST
- Rule GB-Eire 1964 1967 - Mar Sun>=19 1:00s 1:00 BST
- Rule GB-Eire 1968 only - Feb 18 1:00s 1:00 BST
- Rule GB-Eire 1972 1980 - Mar Sun>=16 1:00s 1:00 BST
- # Historic ending rules
- Rule GB-Eire 1960 only - Oct 2 1:00s 0 GMT
- Rule GB-Eire 1961 1967 - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT
- Rule GB-Eire 1971 only - Oct 31 1:00s 0 GMT
- # Current rules
- Rule GB-Eire 1981 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 BST
- Rule GB-Eire 1972 max - Oct Sun>=23 1:00s 0 GMT
-
- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
- Zone GB-Eire 0:00 GB-Eire %s 1968 Oct 27 1:00s
- 1:00 - BST 1971 Oct 31 1:00s
- 0:00 GB-Eire %s
-
- ###############################################################################
-
- # Continental Europe
-
- # The use of 1986 as starting years below is conservative.
-
- Rule W-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 1:00s 1:00 " DST"
- Rule W-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 1:00s 0 -
-
- Rule M-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST"
- Rule M-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
-
- Rule E-Eur 1986 max - Mar lastSun 3:00s 1:00 " DST"
- Rule E-Eur 1986 max - Sep lastSun 3:00s 0 -
-
- Rule Turkey 1986 max - Mar lastSun 1:00 1:00 " DST"
- Rule Turkey 1986 max - Sep lastSun 1:00 0 -
-
- Rule W-SU 1986 max - Mar lastSun 2:00s 1:00 " DST"
- Rule W-SU 1986 max - Sep lastSun 2:00s 0 -
-
- # Zone NAME GMTOFF RULES/SAVE FORMAT [UNTIL]
- Zone WET 0:00 W-Eur WET%s
- Zone Iceland 0:00 - WET
- Zone MET 1:00 M-Eur MET%s
- Zone Poland 1:00 W-Eur MET%s
- Zone EET 2:00 E-Eur EET%s
- Zone Turkey 3:00 Turkey EET%s
- Zone W-SU 3:00 M-Eur ????
-
- # Tom Hoffman says that MET is also known as Central European Time
-
- Link MET CET
-
- ###############################################################################
-
- # One source shows that Bulgaria, Cyprus, Finland, and Greece observe DST from
- # the last Sunday in March to the last Sunday in September in 1986.
- # The source shows Romania changing a day later than everybody else.
- #
- # According to Bernard Sieloff's source, Poland is in the MET time zone but
- # uses the WE DST rules. The Western USSR uses EET+1 and ME DST rules.
- # Bernard Sieloff's source claims Romania switches on the same day, but at
- # 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST). It also claims that Turkey
- # switches on the same day, but switches on at 01:00 standard time
- # and off at 00:00 standard time (i.e., 01:00 DST)
-
- # ...
- # Date: Wed, 28 Jan 87 16:56:27 -0100
- # From: seismo!mcvax!cgcha!wtho (Tom Hofmann)
- # Message-Id: <8701281556.AA22174@cgcha.uucp>
- # ...
- #
- # ...the European time rules are...standardized since 1981, when
- # most European coun[tr]ies started DST. Before that year, only
- # a few countries (UK, France, Italy) had DST, each according
- # to own national rules. In 1981, however, DST started on
- # 'Apr firstSun', and not on 'Mar lastSun' as in the following
- # years...
- # But also since 1981 there are some more national exceptions
- # than listed in 'europe': Switzerland, for example, joined DST
- # one year later, Denmark ended DST on 'Oct 1' instead of 'Sep
- # lastSun' in 1981---I don't know how they handle now.
- #
- # Finally, DST ist always from 'Apr 1' to 'Oct 1' in the
- # Soviet Union (as far as I know).
- #
- # Tom Hofmann, Scientific Computer Center, CIBA-GEIGY AG,
- # 4002 Basle, Switzerland
- # UUCP: ...!mcvax!cernvax!cgcha!wtho
-
- # ...
- # Date: Wed, 4 Feb 87 22:35:22 +0100
- # From: seismo!mcvax!cwi.nl!dik (Dik T. Winter)
- # ...
- #
- # The information from Tom Hofmann is (as far as I know) not entirely correct.
- # After a request from chongo at amdahl I tried to retrieve all information
- # about DST in Europe. I was able to find all from about 1969.
- #
- # ...standardization on DST in Europe started in about 1977 with switches on
- # first Sunday in April and last Sunday in September...
- # In 1981 UK joined Europe insofar that
- # the starting day for both shifted to last Sunday in March. And from 1982
- # the whole of Europe used DST, with switch dates April 1 and October 1 in
- # the Sov[i]et Union. In 1985 the SU reverted to standard Europe[a]n switch
- # dates...
- #
- # It should also be remembered that time-zones are not constants; e.g.
- # Portugal switched in 1976 from MET (or CET) to WET with DST...
- # Note also that though there were rules for switch dates not
- # all countries abided to these dates, and many individual deviations
- # occurred, though not since 1982 I believe. Another note: it is always
- # assumed that DST is 1 hour ahead of normal time, this need not be the
- # case; at least in the Netherlands there have been times when DST was 2 hours
- # in advance of normal time.
- #
- # ...
- # dik t. winter, cwi, amsterdam, nederland
- # INTERNET : dik@cwi.nl
- # BITNET/EARN: dik@mcvax
-
- # From Bob Devine (January 28, 1988):
- # ...
- # Greece: Last Sunday in April to last Sunday in September (iffy on dates).
- # Since 1978. Change at midnight.
- # ...
- # Monaco: has same DST as France.
- # ...
-