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- .SH
- Introduction and History
- .PP
- The Multi-channel Memo Distribution Facility,
- commonly called MMDF,
- is a suite of software that has seen a great deal of work since it was
- originally released in 1980.
- The original code was designed and implemented by Dave Crocker
- working under Professor David Farber at the University
- of Delaware (UDEL).
- The MMDF system was then chosen to form the initial backbone
- software for the CSNET project and has been in use for several years
- by elements of the U.S. Army.
- The software has seen a great deal of change in the process.
- The original code is commonly referred to as MMDFI or MMDF Version 1.
- A number of minor additions and changes were made while fielding MMDFI
- as the result of collaboration between UDEL and BRL and some other
- sites.
- After the original code was fielded in CSNET, Dave Crocker began the
- development of a upgraded version of the MMDF system which was
- designed to work in the new Internet
- domain naming system
- and was to incorporate numerous design changes suggested by
- experience with MMDFI.
- Dave Crocker
- left the CSNET project before completing this work, approximately
- two weeks before the TCP/IP switchover of the ARPANET, 1 January 1983.
- At this time, BRL was a solid MMDF site.
- We were reluctant to try to retrofit
- the existing version of MMDFI
- to handle the new mail protocols that also took effect on
- 1 January, so Doug Kingston of
- BRL undertook the task of finishing the work
- needed to make MMDFII operational.
- A production version of MMDFII was installed at BRL during
- the third week of January 1983, and served
- as BRL's mail system on three hosts,
- but there was no stable version of the MMDFII code until June 1983.
- The first few months of MMDFII
- were quite rough and it needed a great deal of ``tender loving care''.
- .PP
- For reasons that will be clear in a moment, this stable version of June 1983
- is now referred to as the MMDFII-pre-England version.
- Around June, a copy of this stable version was delivered to Steve Kille
- of University College London (UCL) and to Brendan Reilly
- of UDEL, who
- had taken over Dave Crocker's work on MMDF at UDEL.
- Steve Kille made a number of major changes to the handling of domains,
- address parsing, and handling of the alias files.
- Steve also added support for NIFTP, a European file transfer protocol
- used for sending mail in a batch environment.
- At the same time that
- Steve was making his enhancements, Doug Kingston continued
- to develop BRL's copy of MMDFII to make it an even more solid
- mail system. BRL's changes were not as major as Steve's
- but covered a great deal of code and fixed several major outstanding bugs.
- This dual development led to two variants of MMDFII that each
- needed the other's improvements.
- In late September of 1983
- Brendan Reilly and Doug Kingston spent a week in England with Steve
- to merge the variants and to discuss future changes and directions
- for MMDF. The result of this meeting was a merged version of
- MMDFII which I will call MMDFII-post-England.
- Just prior to this trip, the CSNET Information Center (CIC)
- received a copy of the pre-England MMDF.
- Their later changes were based on this pre-England version
- which made merging of their changes into the
- post-England version somewhat difficult.
- .PP
- After the England meeting, Brendan Reilly of UDEL took the role
- of coordinator of the subsequent changes to MMDF. Copies of the
- MMDF-post-England were made simultaneously available to BRL, UCL, and UDEL.
- Since then many minor changes have been made by all
- four sites;
- in essentially all cases these changes have been bug fixes or changes
- to make MMDF a more stable and robust system.
- .PP
- Since then, Doug Kingston at BRL has made changes
- to the local delivery mechanism, rewriting much of the original
- code, and the central delivery program has been upgraded to
- take advantage of large-address-space machines, when possible, to
- keep retry histories for messages on a host-by-host basis.
- Bernie Cosell at the CIC has undertaken to speed up MMDF
- execution by providing a facility for compiling in some of the information
- normally included in the ASCII text-based version. Steve Kille
- an alternative to the ASCII text based version. Steve Kille
- has continued to refine the address handling and the British
- ``backwards'' domain code.
- .FN
- The British do domains backwards. For example, if in the
- US (Internet) we write ``user@VAX1.EE.UDEL.ARPA'' known
- as ``little endian'' order, the British
- (SERC Net)
- write ``user@ARPA.UDEL.EE.VAX1'' or ``big endian'' order.
- Put another way, ``big endians'' put the largest, most general,
- or most significant element of the domain first. ``Little endians''
- use the other order, with the most significant part last.
- [See
- .I
- Gulliver's Travels
- .R
- by Joanthan Swift. The "big endian" vs. "little endian" controversy
- was a
- .I
- causus belli
- .R
- in Lilliput.]
- .FE
- Brendan Reilly has made changes to the package to allow it to
- run on the Altos system and has fixed numerous bugs in
- the PhoneNet code.
-