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- This file contains brief information about the SCSI tape driver.
- Last modified: Tue Jan 10 21:32:35 1995 by root@kai.home
-
- BASICS
-
- The driver is generic. The state of a drive is not modified when the
- driver is initialized or a device is opened. The mode parameters of the
- drive can be modified with ioctls. The driver supports fixed and
- variable block size (within buffer limits). Both the auto-rewind
- (minor equals device number) and non-rewind devices (minor is 128 +
- device number) are implemented.
-
- By default the driver writes one filemark when the device is closed after
- writing and the last operation has been a write. Two filemarks can be
- optionally written. In both cases end of data is signified by
- returning zero bytes for two consecutive reads.
-
- BUFFERING
-
- The driver uses a buffer allocated at system initialization. The size
- of the buffer is selectable at compile and/or boot time. The buffer is
- used to store the data being transferred to/from the SCSI adapter. The
- following buffering options are selectable at compile time and/or at run
- time (via ioctl):
-
- Buffering of data to be written across write calls for fixed block
- mode (define ST_BUFFER_WRITES). This should be disabled if reliable
- detection of end of media (EOM) for fixed block mode is desired.
-
- Asynchronous writing. Writing the buffer contents to the tape is
- started and the write call returns immediately. The status is checked
- at the next tape operation. Should not used if reliable EOM detection
- is desired.
-
- Read ahead for fixed block mode (ST_READ_AHEAD). Filling the buffer is
- attempted even if the user does not want to get all of the data at
- this read command. Should be disabled for those drives that don't like
- a filemark to truncate a read request or that don't like backspacing.
-
- The buffer size is defined (in 1024 byte units) by ST_BUFFER_BLOCKS or
- at boot time. The maximum number of buffers allocated is defined by
- ST_MAX_BUFFERS. One buffer is allocated for each detected drive up to
- the maximum. The threshold for triggering asynchronous write is
- defined by ST_WRITE_THRESHOLD.
-
-
- BOOT TIME CONFIGURATION
-
- The buffer size, write threshold, and the maximum number of allocated buffers
- are configurable at boot time using, e.g., the LILO command line. The option
- syntax is the following:
-
- st=aa[,bb[,cc]]
-
- where
- aa is the buffer size in 1024 byte units
- bb is the write threshold in 1024 byte units
- cc is the maximum number of tape buffers to allocate (the number of
- buffers is bounded also by the number of drives detected)
-
-
- IOCTLS
-
- The tape is positioned and the drive parameters are set with ioctls
- defined in mtio.h The tape control program 'mt' uses these ioctls. Try
- to find an mt that supports all of the Linux SCSI tape ioctls and
- opens the device for writing if the tape contents will be modified
- (look for a package mt-st* from the Linux ftp sites; the GNU mt does
- not open for writing for, e.g., erase).
-
- The supported ioctls are:
-
- The following use the structure mtop:
-
- MTFSF Space forward over count filemarks. Tape positioned after filemark.
- MTFSFM As above but tape positioned before filemark.
- MTBSF Space backward over count filemarks. Tape positioned before
- filemark.
- MTBSFM As above but ape positioned after filemark.
- MTFSR Space forward over count records.
- MTBSR Space backward over count records.
- MTFSS Space forward over count setmarks.
- MTBSS Space backward over count setmarks.
- MTWEOF Write count filemarks.
- MTWSM Write count setmarks.
- MTREW Rewind tape.
- MTOFFL Set device off line (often rewind plus eject).
- MTNOP Do nothing except flush the buffers.
- MTRETEN Retension tape.
- MTEOM Space to end of recorded data.
- MTERASE Erase tape.
- MTSEEK Seek to tape block count. Uses Tandberg-compatible seek (QFA)
- for SCSI-1 drives and SCSI-2 seek for SCSI-2 drives. The file and
- block numbers in the status are not valid after a seek.
- MTSETBLK Set the drive block size. Setting to zero sets the drive into
- variable block mode (if applicable).
- MTSETDENSITY Sets the drive density code to arg. See drive
- documentation for available codes.
- MTSETDRVBUFFER
- Is used for several things. The command is obtained from count
- with mask MT_SET_OPTIONS, the low order bits are used as argument.
- The subcommands are:
- 0
- The drive buffer option is set to the argument. Zero means
- no buffering.
- MT_ST_BOOLEANS
- Sets the buffering options. The bits are the new states
- (enabled/disabled) of the write buffering (MT_ST_BUFFER_WRITES),
- asynchronous writes (MT_ST_ASYNC_WRITES), read ahead
- (MT_ST_READ_AHEAD), writing of two filemark (ST_TWO_FM),
- using the SCSI spacing to EOD (MT_ST_FAST_EOM), and
- debugging (MT_ST_DEBUGGING ; debugging must be compiled into the
- driver).
- MT_ST_WRITE_THRESHOLD
- Sets the write threshold for this device to kilobytes
- specified by the lowest bits.
-
- The following ioctl uses the structure mtpos:
- MTIOCPOS Reads the current position from the drive. Uses
- Tandberg-compatible QFA for SCSI-1 drives and the SCSI-2
- command for the SCSI-2 drives.
-
- The following ioctl uses the structure mtget to return the status:
- MTIOCGET Returns some status information.
- The file number and block number within file are returned. The
- block is -1 when it can't be determined (e.g., after MTBSF).
- The drive type is either MTISSCSI1 or MTISSCSI2.
- The number of recovered errors since the previous status call
- is stored in the lower word of the field mt_erreg.
- The current block size and the density code are stored in the field
- mt_dsreg (shifts for the subfields are MT_ST_BLKSIZE_SHIFT and
- MT_ST_DENSITY_SHIFT).
- The GMT_xxx status bits reflect the drive status. GMT_DR_OPEN
- is set if there is no tape in the drive. GMT_EOD means either
- end of recorded data or end of tape. GMT_EOT means end of tape.
-
-
- MISCELLANEOUS COMPILE OPTIONS
-
- The recovered write errors are considered fatal if ST_RECOVERED_WRITE_FATAL
- is defined.
-
- Immediate return from tape positioning SCSI commands can be enabled by
- defining ST_NOWAIT.
-
- The MTEOM command is by default implemented as spacing over 32767
- filemarks. With this method the file number in the status is
- correct. The user can request using direct spacing to EOD by setting
- ST_FAST_EOM 1 (or using the MT_ST_OPTIONS ioctl). In this case the file
- number will be invalid.
-
- When using read ahead or buffered writes the position within the file
- may not be correct after the file is closed (correct position may
- require backspacing over more than one record). The correct position
- within file can be obtained if ST_IN_FILE_POS is defined. (The
- driver always backs over a filemark crossed by read ahead if the user
- does not request data that far.)
-
- Kai M{kisara
-