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- /*
- * linux/boot/head.S
- *
- * Copyright (C) 1991, 1992 Linus Torvalds
- */
-
- /*
- * head.S contains the 32-bit startup code.
- */
-
- .text
- .globl _idt,_gdt,
- .globl _swapper_pg_dir,_pg0
- .globl _empty_bad_page
- .globl _empty_bad_page_table
- .globl _empty_zero_page
- .globl _tmp_floppy_area,_floppy_track_buffer
-
- #include <linux/tasks.h>
- #include <linux/segment.h>
-
- #define CL_MAGIC_ADDR 0x90020
- #define CL_MAGIC 0xA33F
- #define CL_BASE_ADDR 0x90000
- #define CL_OFFSET 0x90022
-
- /*
- * swapper_pg_dir is the main page directory, address 0x00001000 (or at
- * address 0x00101000 for a compressed boot).
- */
- startup_32:
- cld
- movl $(KERNEL_DS),%eax
- mov %ax,%ds
- mov %ax,%es
- mov %ax,%fs
- mov %ax,%gs
- lss _stack_start,%esp
- /*
- * Clear BSS first so that there are no surprises...
- */
- xorl %eax,%eax
- movl $__edata,%edi
- movl $__end,%ecx
- subl %edi,%ecx
- cld
- rep
- stosb
- /*
- * start system 32-bit setup. We need to re-do some of the things done
- * in 16-bit mode for the "real" operations.
- */
- call setup_idt
- xorl %eax,%eax
- 1: incl %eax # check that A20 really IS enabled
- movl %eax,0x000000 # loop forever if it isn't
- cmpl %eax,0x100000
- je 1b
- /*
- * Initialize eflags. Some BIOS's leave bits like NT set. This would
- * confuse the debugger if this code is traced.
- * XXX - best to initialize before switching to protected mode.
- */
- pushl $0
- popfl
- /*
- * Copy bootup parameters out of the way. First 2kB of
- * _empty_zero_page is for boot parameters, second 2kB
- * is for the command line.
- */
- movl $0x90000,%esi
- movl $_empty_zero_page,%edi
- movl $512,%ecx
- cld
- rep
- movsl
- xorl %eax,%eax
- movl $512,%ecx
- rep
- stosl
- cmpw $(CL_MAGIC),CL_MAGIC_ADDR
- jne 1f
- movl $_empty_zero_page+2048,%edi
- movzwl CL_OFFSET,%esi
- addl $(CL_BASE_ADDR),%esi
- movl $2048,%ecx
- rep
- movsb
- 1:
- /* check if it is 486 or 386. */
- /*
- * XXX - this does a lot of unnecessary setup. Alignment checks don't
- * apply at our cpl of 0 and the stack ought to be aligned already, and
- * we don't need to preserve eflags.
- */
- movl %esp,%edi # save stack pointer
- andl $0xfffffffc,%esp # align stack to avoid AC fault
- movl $3,_x86
- pushfl # push EFLAGS
- popl %eax # get EFLAGS
- movl %eax,%ecx # save original EFLAGS
- xorl $0x40000,%eax # flip AC bit in EFLAGS
- pushl %eax # copy to EFLAGS
- popfl # set EFLAGS
- pushfl # get new EFLAGS
- popl %eax # put it in eax
- xorl %ecx,%eax # change in flags
- andl $0x40000,%eax # check if AC bit changed
- je is386
- movl $4,_x86
- movl %ecx,%eax
- xorl $0x200000,%eax # check ID flag
- pushl %eax
- popfl # if we are on a straight 486DX, SX, or
- pushfl # 487SX we can't change it
- popl %eax
- xorl %ecx,%eax
- andl $0x200000,%eax
- je is486
- isnew: pushl %ecx # restore original EFLAGS
- popfl
- movl $1, %eax # Use the CPUID instruction to
- .byte 0x0f, 0xa2 # check the processor type
- andl $0xf00, %eax # Set _x86 with the family
- shrl $8, %eax # returned.
- movl %eax, _x86
- movl %edi,%esp # restore esp
- movl %cr0,%eax # 486+
- andl $0x80000011,%eax # Save PG,PE,ET
- orl $0x50022,%eax # set AM, WP, NE and MP
- jmp 2f
- is486: pushl %ecx # restore original EFLAGS
- popfl
- movl %edi,%esp # restore esp
- movl %cr0,%eax # 486
- andl $0x80000011,%eax # Save PG,PE,ET
- orl $0x50022,%eax # set AM, WP, NE and MP
- jmp 2f
- is386: pushl %ecx # restore original EFLAGS
- popfl
- movl %edi,%esp # restore esp
- movl %cr0,%eax # 386
- andl $0x80000011,%eax # Save PG,PE,ET
- orl $2,%eax # set MP
- 2: movl %eax,%cr0
- call check_x87
- call setup_paging
- lgdt gdt_descr
- lidt idt_descr
- ljmp $(KERNEL_CS),$1f
- 1: movl $(KERNEL_DS),%eax # reload all the segment registers
- mov %ax,%ds # after changing gdt.
- mov %ax,%es
- mov %ax,%fs
- mov %ax,%gs
- lss _stack_start,%esp
- xorl %eax,%eax
- lldt %ax
- pushl %eax # These are the parameters to main :-)
- pushl %eax
- pushl %eax
- cld # gcc2 wants the direction flag cleared at all times
- call _start_kernel
- L6:
- jmp L6 # main should never return here, but
- # just in case, we know what happens.
-
- /*
- * We depend on ET to be correct. This checks for 287/387.
- */
- check_x87:
- movl $0,_hard_math
- clts
- fninit
- fstsw %ax
- cmpb $0,%al
- je 1f
- movl %cr0,%eax /* no coprocessor: have to set bits */
- xorl $4,%eax /* set EM */
- movl %eax,%cr0
- ret
- .align 2
- 1: movl $1,_hard_math
- .byte 0xDB,0xE4 /* fsetpm for 287, ignored by 387 */
- ret
-
- /*
- * setup_idt
- *
- * sets up a idt with 256 entries pointing to
- * ignore_int, interrupt gates. It doesn't actually load
- * idt - that can be done only after paging has been enabled
- * and the kernel moved to 0xC0000000. Interrupts
- * are enabled elsewhere, when we can be relatively
- * sure everything is ok.
- */
- setup_idt:
- lea ignore_int,%edx
- movl $(KERNEL_CS << 16),%eax
- movw %dx,%ax /* selector = 0x0010 = cs */
- movw $0x8E00,%dx /* interrupt gate - dpl=0, present */
-
- lea _idt,%edi
- mov $256,%ecx
- rp_sidt:
- movl %eax,(%edi)
- movl %edx,4(%edi)
- addl $8,%edi
- dec %ecx
- jne rp_sidt
- ret
-
-
- /*
- * Setup_paging
- *
- * This routine sets up paging by setting the page bit
- * in cr0. The page tables are set up, identity-mapping
- * the first 4MB. The rest are initialized later.
- *
- * (ref: added support for up to 32mb, 17Apr92) -- Rik Faith
- * (ref: update, 25Sept92) -- croutons@crunchy.uucp
- * (ref: 92.10.11 - Linus Torvalds. Corrected 16M limit - no upper memory limit)
- */
- .align 2
- setup_paging:
- movl $1024*2,%ecx /* 2 pages - swapper_pg_dir+1 page table */
- xorl %eax,%eax
- movl $_swapper_pg_dir,%edi /* swapper_pg_dir is at 0x1000 */
- cld;rep;stosl
- /* Identity-map the kernel in low 4MB memory for ease of transition */
- movl $_pg0+7,_swapper_pg_dir /* set present bit/user r/w */
- /* But the real place is at 0xC0000000 */
- movl $_pg0+7,_swapper_pg_dir+3072 /* set present bit/user r/w */
- movl $_pg0+4092,%edi
- movl $0x03ff007,%eax /* 4Mb - 4096 + 7 (r/w user,p) */
- std
- 1: stosl /* fill the page backwards - more efficient :-) */
- subl $0x1000,%eax
- jge 1b
- cld
- movl $_swapper_pg_dir,%eax
- movl %eax,%cr3 /* cr3 - page directory start */
- movl %cr0,%eax
- orl $0x80000000,%eax
- movl %eax,%cr0 /* set paging (PG) bit */
- ret /* this also flushes the prefetch-queue */
-
- /*
- * page 0 is made non-existent, so that kernel NULL pointer references get
- * caught. Thus the swapper page directory has been moved to 0x1000
- *
- * XXX Actually, the swapper page directory is at 0x1000 plus 1 megabyte,
- * with the introduction of the compressed boot code. Theoretically,
- * the original design of overlaying the startup code with the swapper
- * page directory is still possible --- it would reduce the size of the kernel
- * by 2-3k. This would be a good thing to do at some point.....
- */
- .org 0x1000
- _swapper_pg_dir:
- /*
- * The page tables are initialized to only 4MB here - the final page
- * tables are set up later depending on memory size.
- */
- .org 0x2000
- _pg0:
-
- .org 0x3000
- _empty_bad_page:
-
- .org 0x4000
- _empty_bad_page_table:
-
- .org 0x5000
- _empty_zero_page:
-
- .org 0x6000
- /*
- * tmp_floppy_area is used by the floppy-driver when DMA cannot
- * reach to a buffer-block. It needs to be aligned, so that it isn't
- * on a 64kB border.
- */
- _tmp_floppy_area:
- .fill 1024,1,0
- /*
- * floppy_track_buffer is used to buffer one track of floppy data: it
- * has to be separate from the tmp_floppy area, as otherwise a single-
- * sector read/write can mess it up. It can contain one full track of
- * data (18*2*512 bytes).
- */
- _floppy_track_buffer:
- .fill 512*2*18,1,0
-
- /* This is the default interrupt "handler" :-) */
- int_msg:
- .asciz "Unknown interrupt\n"
- .align 2
- ignore_int:
- cld
- pushl %eax
- pushl %ecx
- pushl %edx
- push %ds
- push %es
- push %fs
- movl $(KERNEL_DS),%eax
- mov %ax,%ds
- mov %ax,%es
- mov %ax,%fs
- pushl $int_msg
- call _printk
- popl %eax
- pop %fs
- pop %es
- pop %ds
- popl %edx
- popl %ecx
- popl %eax
- iret
-
- /*
- * The interrupt descriptor table has room for 256 idt's
- */
- .align 4
- .word 0
- idt_descr:
- .word 256*8-1 # idt contains 256 entries
- .long 0xc0000000+_idt
-
- .align 4
- _idt:
- .fill 256,8,0 # idt is uninitialized
-
- .align 4
- .word 0
- gdt_descr:
- .word (8+2*NR_TASKS)*8-1
- .long 0xc0000000+_gdt
-
- /*
- * This gdt setup gives the kernel a 1GB address space at virtual
- * address 0xC0000000 - space enough for expansion, I hope.
- */
- .align 4
- _gdt:
- .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* NULL descriptor */
- .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* not used */
- .quad 0xc0c39a000000ffff /* 0x10 kernel 1GB code at 0xC0000000 */
- .quad 0xc0c392000000ffff /* 0x18 kernel 1GB data at 0xC0000000 */
- .quad 0x00cbfa000000ffff /* 0x23 user 3GB code at 0x00000000 */
- .quad 0x00cbf2000000ffff /* 0x2b user 3GB data at 0x00000000 */
- .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* not used */
- .quad 0x0000000000000000 /* not used */
- .fill 2*NR_TASKS,8,0 /* space for LDT's and TSS's etc */
-