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- MEXICO: A MAJOR BOOM IS IN PROGRESS
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- If the forces of migration and demography create
- pockets of real estate opportunity in the United States
- -- where property prices are in an overall decline --
- imagine what they can do in other countries where the
- overall economic outlook is far more favorable. One of
- the areas of the world where this is the case is Latin
- America.
- Mexico has been called the South Korea of Latin
- America. President Salinas' free-market reforms have
- transformed the country from an economist's nightmare
- into an economic powerhouse within a matter of years.
- As a result of deregulation, privatization, and
- tax-rate reduction, Mexican inflation and interest
- rates have been falling steadily. For example, the
- consumer price index inflation rate has fallen from 30%
- in December 1990 to 17.3%. And in the midst of North
- American recession in 1991-1992, real GDP growth still
- pegged 3.8%.
- The favorable economic climate and the pioneer
- spirit of the new Mexico have attracted foreign
- investors like never before. In 1991 alone, Mexico
- enjoyed a foreign capital inflow of more than US$15
- billion.
- For real estate investors, Mexico not only offers
- an unspoiled environment with thousands of miles of
- beautiful beaches and tropical vegetation but also
- boasts a cost of living that is substantially below
- that of any Western industrialized country.
- Many Mexicans who have been living in the U.S. for
- decades are now investing their money in Mexican
- properties and businesses. Investors also are moving
- to Mexico, anticipating a real estate boom of epic
- proportions. This boom will be fueled by two
- demographic developments.
- One involves new internal patterns of migration.
- The majority of Mexico's middle class lost most of
- their wealth during the early 1980s. This means that
- today the workplace and the availability of work is the
- determining factor of where a family will live or move.
- Mexico's industry is still concentrated in densely
- populated (and notoriously polluted) metropolitan
- areas, such as Mexico City. However, President
- Salinas' policy of economic decentralization and the
- electronic revolution in the workplace are powerful
- arguments for a new demographic trend whose force has
- only begun to appear.
- In the next 10 to 15 years, a migrational pattern
- will unfold that will be very much like the U.S.
- migration from the cities into the suburbs in the 1950s
- and 1960s.
- Young, prosperous Mexicans (like North America's
- so-called yuppies) who are now employed in the cities,
- will increasingly move to the surrounding rural areas.
- This movement will follow the large traffic
- arteries, such as the new highways currently being
- constructed. An example of this trend will be the new
- route between Mexico City and Acapulco.
- Centers of suburban development will include areas
- around Monterrey, Nuevo Leon, particularly in scenic
- Ciudad Mt. Aleman. Cities in the vicinity of Mexico
- City, such as Puebla, Jalapa, or Veracruz, will also
- become focal points of the new trend.
- Additional demand for Mexican real estate will
- come from north of the border, as prosperous members of
- the U.S. baby boom generation reach retirement age.
- But not only foreign retirees will drive up
- property values in scenic Mexico. Increasingly,
- professionals will take advantage of the "electronic
- commute" option. This implies relocating to a low-
- cost, semirural environment while connecting to a
- remote office through modems, interactive television
- environments, and computers.
- Westerners will head for unspoiled regions in Baja
- California, where they will increasingly encounter
- young Mexicans engaged in trade and commerce along the
- California border. Particularly La Paz, currently a
- small town of 20,000, will attract Mexican yuppies and
- retiring boomers alike. The town has all the trappings
- of a coming property magnet, including an excellent
- hospital, a university, and unlimited access to the
- maritime paradise of the Sea of Cortez.
- Other ideal locations will be in the state of
- Jalisco, near Lake Chapala, the country's largest lake.
- Guadalajara and Ajijic in particular will attract sun-
- hungry Americans with a taste for rural living with
- quick access to modern amenities and entertainment. On
- the Mexican High Plateau, San Miguel de Allende
- provides a haven for seekers of arts and culture.
- Article 27 of the 1917 Mexican Constitution
- decrees that no foreigner may be registered as the
- owner of real estate within the "forbidden zone." This
- zone consists of a 30-mile-wide strip of land along the
- Mexican coastlines and 50 miles along the U.S. and
- Guatemala/Belize borders. Unfortunately, it includes
- the favorite beach cities of North American and
- European holiday takers, such as Puerto Vallerta,
- Ixtapa, Acapulco, Cancun, and the entire Baja Peninsula.
- From 1917 to 1972, the only way to hold property
- in this zone was to put it in the name of a Mexican
- citizen. This was risky business, as the gringo
- investor was dependent entirely on the good will and
- honesty of his Mexican business partner -- who could
- take over the property legally at any time and kick his
- ex- partner out of the country.
- But U.S. tourist dollars soon became too important
- for the Mexican economy. Mexico no longer could afford
- scaring off potential real estate investors and
- retirees by the prospects of fraud and legal hassles.
- In 1972, The Ley de Fideicomiso, or Trust Law, was
- established. The title to the land could now be held
- by a Mexican bank for a foreign buyer who was then
- named beneficiary under the trust.
- Under this trust agreement, the beneficiary has
- full control of the property for 30 years. Subject
- only to local zoning laws, the foreign owner can build
- on his property, modify it, and develop it. Commercial
- use includes subdividing, renting, leasing, and even
- selling at any time. This situation is nearly as good
- as having direct ownership.
- A variety of business opportunities are also
- available in Mexico, and Mexican law has recently been
- changed to allow foreign franchises to open. A number
- of major shopping malls are under construction, so this
- type of retailing is expected to boom. Tourism-related
- franchises, in such fields as hotels and car rentals
- are particularly likely to succeed, since this will be
- the first time that names with world recognition can be
- used in Mexico. A good starting point for information
- on business opportunities and franchising in Mexico is
- The Mexican Opportunities Report, available for $18
- postpaid from Eden Press, P. O. Box 8410, Fountain
- Valley CA 92728, or request their free catalog. The
- report covers the nature of the Mexican market, foreign
- investment regulations, tourism, franchise
- opportunities, the maquiladora program, and specifics
- about NAFTA.
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