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-
- HACKING VAX'S VMS
-
-
- INTRODUCTION
-
- The VAX is made by DEC (Digital Equipment Corp) and can run a variety
- of operating systems. In this file i will talk about the VMS (Virtual
- Memory Operating System), VMS also runs on the PDP-11, both mainframes
- are 32 bit machines with 32 bit virtual address space.
-
- ENTRANCE:
-
- When you first connect to a VAX you type either a return, a ctrl-c or
- a ctrl-y. It will then respond with something similar to this:
-
- USERNAME:
- PASSWORD:
-
- The most frequent way of gaining access to a computer is by using a
- 'default' password, this by the way is not very successful.......
- When DEC sells a VAX/VMS, the system comes equipped with 4 accounts
- which are:
-
- DEFAULT : This serves as a template in creating user records in the
- UAF (User Authorization File). A new user record is assigned
- the values of the default record except where the system
- manager changes those values. The default record can be
- modified but can not be deleted from the UAF.....
-
- SYSTEM : Provides a means for the system manager to log in with full
- privileges. The SYSTEM record can be modified but cannot be
- deleted from the UAF.......
-
- FIELD : Permits DIGITAL field service personnel to check out a new
- system. The FIELD record can be deleted once the system is
- installed.
-
- SYSTEST: Provides an appropriate environment for running the User
- Environment Test Package (UETP). The SYSTEST record can be
- deleted once the system is installed.
-
- Usually the SYSTEM MANAGER adds,deletes, and modifies these records
- which are in the UAF when the system arrives, thus eliminating the
- default passwords, but this is not always the case.....
- some default passwords which have been used to get in a system are....
-
- USERNAME PASSWORD
-
- SYSTEM MANAGER or OPERATOR
- FIELD SERVICE or TEST
- DEFAULT USER or DEFAULT
- SYSTEST UETP or SYSTEST
-
- Other typical VMS accounts are :
- VAX
- VMS
- DCL
- DEMO
- GUEST
- GENERAL
- TEST
- HELP
- GAMES
- DECNET
-
- Or a combination of the various usernames and passwords. If none of
- these get you in , then you should try another system unless you have
- away of getting an account either by trashing or other means.....
-
- YOUR IN!!!!!!
-
- You will know that you are in by receiving the prompt of a dollar sign
- ($). You will be popped into the default directory which is dependent
- on what account you logged in as. If you get in as system manager
- (highly unlikely) you have full access....
- If you get the FIELD or SYSTEST account , you may or may not have full
- access, but you may have the privileges to give your self full access.
-
- To give privs to yourself:
-
- $ SET PROCESS/PRIVS=ALL
-
- The VMS system has full help files available by typing HELP. You can
- use the wildcard character of an '*' to list out info on every
- command:
- $ help *
-
- When you first logon, it may be to your advantage to get a list of all
- users currently logged onto the system if there are any at all. You
- can do this by:
-
- $ SHOW USERS
-
- VAX/VMS Interactive Users-Total=4
- 01-may-1989 11:37:21.73
- 0PAO: DEMO 004C004C
- TTD2: FIELD 004E02FF
- TTD1: SYSMAN 0043552E
- TXB3 TRTRTRRTR 01190057
-
- It is highly recommended that if you are logged on in the day and
- there are people logged in, especially the system manager or the
- account you are logged on as appears twice.. log out straight away,
- and call back later. You do not want to call to late though as the
- system keeps a record of when each user logs in and out.
-
- To communicate with other users or other hackers that are on the
- system, use the PHONE utility..
-
- $ PHONE Username
-
- If the system has DEC-NET you can see what available nodes there are
- by :
-
- $ SHOW NETWORK
-
- If you have mail the system will tell you as soon as you logon, simply
- type:
-
- $ MAIL
-
- This will invoke the Personal Mail Utility, you can then either read
- your mail or select help....
-
- DIRECTORIES:
- To see what you have in your directory type:
-
- $ DIR
-
- To get a list of directories on the system type:
-
- $ DIR *.*
-
- When a VAX/VMS is first installed, it comes with 9 directories which
- are not listed when you execute the DIR *.* command:
-
- <SYSLIB>
- This directory contains various macro and object libraries.
-
- <SYSMSG>
- This directory contains files used in managing the operating system.
-
- <SYSMGR>
- This directory contains text files and help libraries for the HELP
- library.
-
- <SYSERR>
- This is the directory for the error log file (ERRLOG.SYS).
-
- <SYSTEST>
- This directory contains files used in testing the functions of the
- operating system.
-
- <SYSMAINT>
- This directory contains system diagnostic programs.
-
- <SYSUPD>
- This directory contains filesused in applying system updates.
-
- <SYSUPD.EXAMPLES>
- This directory contains sample driver programs, user-written system
- services, and other source programs.
-
- <SYSEXE>
- This directory contains the executable images of most of the functions
- of the operating system.
- Inside these directoriesare files with the following file types:
-
- File-Type: Description: command:
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
- .hlp system help file TYPE filename
- .dat data file TYPE filename
- .msg message file TYPE filename
- .doc Documentation TYPE filename
- .log LOG file TYPE filename
- .err ERROR msg file TYPE filename
- .seq sequential file TYPE filename
- .sys system file FILE-NAME
- .exe executable file FILE-NAME
- .com command file COMMAND NAME
- .bas basic file RUN file-name
- .txt ascii text file TYPE filename
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
- There are others but you won't see them as much as the above. You can
- change the directories either by using the CHANGE command or by using
- the SET DEFAULT command:
-
- $ CHANGE <DIR.NAM>
- or
- $ SET DEFAULT <DIR.NAM>
-
- You can now list and execute the files in this directory without first
- the directory name followed by the filename as long as you have
- sufficient access. If you don't have sufficient access you can still
- view files within directories that you cannot default to by:
-
- $ TYPE <LOD.DIR> LOD.MAI;1
- This will list the contents of the file LOD.MAI;1 in the directory of
- <LOD.DIR>
-
- The use of wildcards is very helpful when you desire to view all the
- mail or something on the system. To list out all the users mail if you
- have access type:
-
- $TYPE <*.*>*.MAI;*
-
- As you may have noticed mail files have the extension of MAI at the
- end. The ;1 or ;2 etc are used to number files with the same name.
-
- PRIVILEGES
-
- Privileges fall into 7 categories according to the damage that the
- user possessing them could cause to the system:
-
- NONE - No privileges
-
- NORMAL - minimum privileges to use the system.
-
- GROUP - Potential to interfere with members of the same group.
-
- DEVOUR - Potential to devour noncritical system-wide resources.
-
- SYSTEM - Potential to interfere with normal system operation.
-
- FILE - Potential to comprimise file security.
-
- ALL - Potential to control the system (wouldn't that be good ahah).
-
- THE UAF
-
- The User Authorization File contains the names of the users who may
- log into the system and also contains a record of the users
- privileges. Each record in the UAF includes the following:
-
- 1. Name and Password.
- 2. User Identification Code(UIC)-- Identifies a user by a group number
- and a member number.
- 3. Default file specification --- Has the default device and directory
- names for file access.
- 4. Login command file --- Names a command procedure to be executed
- automatically at login time.
- 5. Login flags --- Allows the system manager to inhibit the user of
- the ctrl-y functions and lock user passwords.
- 6. Priority ---- Specifies the base priority of the process created
- by the user at login time.
- 7. Resources --- Limits the system resources the user may perform.
- 8. Privileges --- Limits the activities the user may perform.
-
- If you have SYSTEM MANAGER privileges, you will be able to add,delete,
- and modify records in the UAF.
-
- The AUTHORIZE Utility allows you to modify the information in the UAF.
- It is usually found in the SYSEXE directory.
- The commands for AUTHORIZE are:
- ADD Username <qualifier..> Adds a record to the UAF.
- EXIT (or CTRL-Z) Returns you to command level.
- HELP Lists the AUTHORIZE commands.
- LIST <Userspec></FULL> Creates a listing file of UAF records.
- MODIFY Username Modifies a record.
- REMOVE Username deletes a record.
- SHOW Displays UAF records.
-
- The most useful besides ADD is the SHOW command. SHOW displays reports
- for selected UAF records. YOU can get a /BRIEF listing of a /FULL
- listing. BUT before you do that, you may want to make sure no one is
- logged on besides you,to make sure know one can log on type the
- following:
-
- $ SET LOGINS /INTERACTIVE=0
-
- This establishes the max number of users able to log in to the system,
- this command does not affect users currently logged on.
-
- To list out the userfile do the following:
-
- $ SET DEFAULT <SYSEXE>
- $ RUN AUTHORIZE
- UAF> SHOW * /BRIEF
-
- UAF
- Unfortunately you cannot get a listing of passwords,though you can get
- a listing of all the users as shown above... The passwords are
- encrypted just like the unix systems.
- If you have sufficient privs you can create your own account.........
-
- UAF> ADD <Username> /PASSWORD=HACKER /UIC=<014,006> /CPUTIME=0
- /DEVICE=SYS$ROOT_/ACCOUNT=VMS /DIRECTORY=<SYSERR> /PRIVS=ALL
- /OWNER=DIGITAL /NOACCOUNTING
-
- 1. ADD USERNAME
- 2. SPECIFY THE PASSWORD YOU WANT TO USE....
- 3. ASSIGN A UIC CONSISTS OF 2 NUMBERS FROM 0 TO 377 SEPERATED BY A
- COMMAND ENCLOSED IN BRACKETS....
- 4. CPUTIME IS IN DELTA FORMAT, 0 MEANS INFINITE......
- 5. SPECIFY THE DEVICE THAT IS ALLOCATED TO THE USER WHEN THEY LOGIN.
- OTHER DEVICES ARE SYS$DEVICE,SYS$SYSDISK ETC..
- 6. SPECIFYING AN ACCOUNT IS NOT REALLY NECCESSARY
- 7. PRIVS YOU ARE GOING TO WANT ALL THE PRIVS AREN'T YOU???
- 8. VERY IMPORTANT.... NOACCOUNTING WILL DISABLE THE SYSTEM ACCOUNTING
- RECORDS,THUS NOT ADDING INFORMATION TO THE ACCOUNTING.DAT FILE.
-
- LOGGING OFF
- Simply type:
- $ LOGOUT
-
- This file was written by Terry Gilligan if you want any more info on
- the vax contact me, i will help you as much as i can.. have lots more
- info on vax security if anyone is interested..
-
-