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- Cellular Phreaking courtesy of The Jolly Roger
-
- The cellular/mobile phone system is one that is perfectly set up to be
- exploited by phreaks with the proper knowledge and equipment. Thanks to
- deregulation, the regional BOC's (Bell Operating Companies) are scattered
- and do not communicate much with each other. Phreaks can take advantage of
- this by pretending to be mobile phone customers whose "home base" is a city
- served by a different BOC, known as a "roamer". Since it is impractical
- for each BOC to keep track of the customers of all the other BOC's, they
- will usually allow the customer to make the calls he wishes, often with a
- surcharge of some sort.
-
- The bill is then forwarded to the roamer's home BOC for collection.
- However, it is fairly simple (with the correct tools) to create a bogus ID
- number for your mobile phone, and pretend to be a roamer from some other
- city and state, that's "just visiting". When your BOC tries to collect for
- the calls from your alleged "home BOC", they will discover you are not a
- real customer; but by then, you can create an entirely new electronic
- identity, and use that instead.
- How does the cellular system know who is calling, and where they are?
- When a mobile phone enters a cell's area of transmission, it transmits its
- phone number and its 8 digit ID number to that cell, who will keep track of
- it until it gets far enough away that the sound quality is sufficiently
- diminished, and then the phone is "handed off" to the cell that the customer
- has walked or driven into. This process continues as long as the phone has
- power and is turned on. If the phone is turned off (or the car is), someone
- attempting to call the mobile phone will receive a recording along the
- lines of "The mobile phone customer you have dialed has left the vehicle
- or driven out of the service area." When a call is made to a mobile phone,
- the switching equipment will check to see if the mobile phone being called is
- "logged in", so to speak, or present in one of the cells. If it is, the
- call will then act (to the speaking parties) just like a normal call - the
- caller may hear a busy tone, the phone may just ring, or the call may be
- answered.
- How does the switching equipment know whether or not a particular
- phone is authorized to use the network? Many times, it doesn't. When a
- dealer installs a mobile phone, he gives the phone's ID number (an 8 digit
- hexadecimal number) to the local BOC, as well as the phone number the BOC
- assigned to the customer. Thereafter, whenever a phone is present in one
- of the cells, the two numbers are checked - they should be registered to
- the same person. If they don't match, the telco knows that an attempted
- fraud is taking place (or at best, some transmission error) and will not
- allow calls to be placed or received at that phone. However, it is
- impractical (especially given the present state of deregulation) for the
- telco to have records of every cellular customer of every BOC. Therefore,
- if you're going to create a fake ID/phone number combination, it will need
- to be "based" in an area that has a cellular system (obviously), has a
- different BOC than your local area does, and has some sort of a "roamer"
- agreement with your local BOC.
-
- How can one "phreak" a cellular phone? There are three general areas
- when phreaking cellular phones; using one you found in an unlocked car
- (or an unattended walk-about model), modifying your own chip set to look
- like a different phone, or recording the phone number/ID number combinations
- sent by other local cellular phones, and using those as your own. Most
- cellular phones include a crude "password" system to keep unauthorized
- users from using the phone - however, dealers often set the password
- (usually a 3 to 5 digit code) to the last four digits of the customer's
- mobile phone number. If you can find that somewhere on the phone, you're
- in luck. If not, it shouldn't be TOO hard to hack, since most people
- aren't smart enough to use something besides "1111", "1234", or whatever.
- If you want to modify the chip set in a cellular phone you bought
- (or stole), there are two chips (of course, this depends on the model and
- manufacturer, yours may be different) that will need to be changed - one
- installed at the manufacturer (often epoxied in) with the phone's ID
- number, and one installed by the dealer with the phone number, and possible
- the security code. To do this, you'll obviously need an EPROM burner
- as well as the same sort of chips used in the phone (or a friendly and
- unscrupulous dealer!). As to recording the numbers of other mobile phone
- customers and using them; as far as I know, this is just theory... but it
- seems quite possible, if you've got the equipment to record and decode it.
- The cellular system would probably freak out if two phones (with valid
- ID/phone number combinations) were both present in the network at once,
- but it remains to be seen what will happen.
-
- -----------------Jolly Roger
-
-
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