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- Computer Hackers Beware!
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- Senate Passes Computer Fraud And Abuse Act
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- The Senate October 2 unanimously passed the Computer
- Fraud and Abuse Act of 1986. The bill, s. 2281, imposes
- fines of up to $500,000 and/or prison terms of up to 20
- years for breaking into government or financial
- institutions' computers.
-
- The Federal Government alone operates more than 18,000
- medium-scale and large-scale computers at some 4,500
- different sites. the Office of Technology Assessment
- estimates the government's investment in computers over the
- past four years at roughly $60 million. The General Services
- Administration estimates that there will be 250,000 to
- 500,000 computers in use by the Federal Government by 1990.
-
- In 1984, Legislators' attention to and concern about
- computer fraud was heightened by a report by the American
- Bar Association task force on computer crime. According to
- the report, based on a survey of 1,000 private organizations
- and public agencies, percent of the 283 respondents had been
- victimized by some form of computer crime, and more than 25
- percent had sustained financial losses totaling between an
- estimated $145 million and $730 million during one twelve-
- month period.
-
- To address this problem, the Senate and House enacted,
- in 1984, the first computer statute (18 u.s.c. 1030). Early
- this year both the House and Senate introduced legislation
- to expand and amend this statute.
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- In the current bill, which is expected to be signed by
- President Reagan next week, penalties will be imposed on
- anyone who knowingly or intentionally accesses a computer
- without authorization, or exceeds authorized access and:
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- (1) Obtains from government computers information
- relating to national defense and foreign relations.
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- (2) Obtains information contained in financial records
- of financial institutions.
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- (3) Affects the use of the government's operation of a
- computer in any department or agency of the
- government that is exclusively for the use of the
- U.S. Government.
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- (4) Obtains anything of value, unless the object of the
- fraud and the thing obtained consists only of the
- use of the computer.
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- (5) Alters, Damages, or Destroys Information in any
- federal interest computer, or prevents authorized
- use of any such computer or information.
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- Under the bill, a person would be guilty of computer
- fraud if he or she causes a loss of $1,000 or more during
- any one year period.
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- Depending on the offense, penalties include fines up to
- $100,000 for a misdemeanor, $250,000 for a felony, $500,000
- if the crime is committed by an organization, and prison
- terms of up to 20 years.
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- The bill also prohibits traffic in passwords and other
- information from computers used for interstate or foreign
- commerce. This part of the bill makes it possible for
- Federal Prosecutors to crack down on Pirate Bulletin Boards
- and similar operations because the bill covers business
- computers, online networks, and online news and information
- services, all of which are considered interstate commerce.
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