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-
- W H A T C O M P O R T S ?
-
- A COM port is a serial port which has a connector on the
- outside of the computer where you can plug in mice and
- modems and other serial devices. Internal modems have
- their own COM port. On an internal modem, the COM port is
- located on the modem card. A modem card plugs into an
- empty slot inside your PC. Such modem cards usually have
- two phone jacks--one for the phone line and the other to
- plug in a phone. Most modern computers have two COM
- ports--COM1 and COM2.
-
-
- DETERMING COM PORT USAGE WITH MSD
-
- You can often determine which COM ports (serial ports)
- your machine is using by running the DOS MSD (MicroSoft
- Diagnostic Utility) program. The MSD program comes with
- DOS 6.0 and later versions of DOS and with Microsoft
- Windows 3.1. So, if you have DOS 6.0 or later and/or
- Windows 3.1, you will have MSD. The SETUP installation
- program for any of the above mentioned programs will
- place the MSD program in your computer's path. To run the
- MSD program, at the DOS prompt type:
-
- msd <ENTER>
-
- When the MSD menu is shown on your screen, press the
- highlighted letter C for COM port information.
-
- c
-
- You will then see a screen showing what COM ports your
- machine is using. If you have a mouse installed, you can
- press the highlighted letter U for more information
- concerning your mouse. With the MSD menu showing on your
- screen, press:
-
- u
-
- MSD will then show you if your mouse is using a COM port.
- With MSD, you can press the highlighted letter Q to take
- a look at your IRQ (InterRrupt reQuest) addresses. With
- the MSD menu showing on your screen, press:
-
- q
-
-
- TIPS
-
- MSD sometimes does not correctly show COM port usage
- (especially COM4). However, a shareware program called
- Modem Doctor will correctly show COM port usage. If you
- are having modem problems, the shareware program Modem
- Doctor can really help. See the section on shareware for
- more information. Also, see the section on AT command set
- usage.
-
-
- DETERMINING COM PORT USE WITH MODE
-
- MODE.COM is a utility that comes with MS-DOS. If you have an
- older system and don't have the MSD program, you can
- often use the MODE command to see which COM ports are
- being used. To test for COM2, issue the following command
- at the DOS prompt:
-
- mode com2 <ENTER>
-
- COM2 is being used if you get a report like:
-
- STATUS FOR DEVICE COM2:
- -----------------------
- RETRY=NONE
-
- If you get a report like the above, it means that the COM
- port for which you tested is being used. Just follow the
- MODE command with the COM port you want to test.
- However, if you get a report like:
-
- ILLEGAL DEVICE NAME - COM2
-
- This means that the COM port for which you tested is not
- being used. If you have an internal modem, you may wish
- to set your modem to use that COM port. If you still have
- doubts about which COM ports are being used I would
- recommend that you obtain the Modem Doctor shareware
- program. Before you install an internal modem, be sure to
- read the next section on IRQs.
-
-
- DETERMINING COM PORT USAGE WITH DEBUG
-
- Another way to determine which COM ports are active on an
- MS-DOS computer is to use a utility that comes with DOS called
- DEBUG. This technique works with MOST machines. At the
- DOS prompt type:
-
- debug <ENTER>
-
- Then, when you have the hyphen prompt type:
-
- d40:00 <ENTER>
-
- The screen will show rows and columns with numbers. ON THE
- FIRST LINE, there are four sets of paired numbers that appear
- to the right of 0040:0000. These represent COM1, COM2, COM3,
- and COM4. You do not need to be concerned with the other seven
- rows of numbers. A zeroed pair of numbers indicates that the
- COM port is not being used. For example, suppose you see:
-
- -d40:00
- 0040:0000 F8 03 F8 02 00 00 00 00-78 03 00 00 00 00 00 00
-
- Look to the right of the numbers 0040:0000. The F8 03
- indicates that COM1 is being used. The next set of F8 02 shows
- that COM2 is being used. The next pair of numbers (four zeros)
- tell us that COM3 is not being used. The following pair (of
- four zeros) indicate that COM4 is not being used and is
- available for a serial device such as a modem.
-
- Here is a key to the following possible hexadecimal numbers
- (note that COM3 and COM4 do not appear in the above example):
-
- F8 03 = COM1
- F8 02 = COM2
- E8 03 = COM3
- E8 02 = COM4
-
- To get out of DEBUG and go back to the DOS prompt type:
-
- q <ENTER>
-
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