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- TOPIC
- The if statement
-
- SHORT DESCRIPTION
- A language command for running a command block or blocks based on the
- results of one or more conditional tests
-
- LONG DESCRIPTION
- You can use the if statement to run a code blocks if a specified
- conditional test evaluates to true. You can also specify one or more
- additional conditional tests to run if all prior tests evaluate to
- false. Finally, you can specify an additional code block that is run if
- no other prior conditional test evaluates to true.
-
- The following shows the if statement syntax:
-
- if (<test1>)
- {<code_block1>}
- [elseif (<test2)
- {<code_block2>}]
- [else
- <code_block3>}]
-
- When you run an if statement, the Windows PowerShell evaluates the
- <test1> conditional expression true or false. If <test1> is true,
- then <code_block1> runs and PowerShell exits the if statement.
- If <test1> is false, PowerShell evaluates the condition specified by
- <test2>. If <test2> is true, then <code_block2> runs and PowerShell
- exits the if statement. If both <test1> and <test2> evaluate to false,
- then <code_block3> runs and PowerShell exits the if statement.
-
- You can use multiple elseif statements to chain a series of conditional
- tests, each of which is examined only if all the previous tests are
- false. Note, if you need to create an if statement containing many
- elseif statements within it, consider using a switch statement instead.
-
- The simplest if statement contains a single command in the code block
- and does not contain any elseif statements or an else statement. The
- following shows the simplest form of the if statement:
-
- if ($a -gt 2)
- {
- Write-Host "The value $a is greater than 2"
- }
-
- In this example, if $a is greater than 2, the condition evaluates to
- true and the code block runs. However, if $a is less than or equal to 2
- or is not an existing variable, the if statement does not display any
- message. By adding an else statement, you can be sure to display a
- message when $a is less than or equal to 2, as the next example shows:
-
- if ($a -gt 2)
- {
- Write-Host "The value $a is greater than 2"
- }
- else
- {
- Write-Host "The value $a is less than or equal to 2, is not
- created or is not initialized."
- }
-
- To further improve on this example, you can use the elseif statement to
- display a message when the value of $a is equal to 2, as the next
- example shows:
-
- if ($a -gt 2)
- {
- Write-Host "The value $a is greater than 2"
- }
- elseif ($a -eq 2)
- {
- Write-Host "The value $a is equal to 2"
- }
- else
- {
- Write-Host "The value $a is less than 2 or is not created
- or initialized."
- }
-
-
- SEE ALSO
- For information about using comparison operators, enter the following
- command at the PowerShell command prompt:
-
- help about_comparison_operators
-
- For information about the switch statement, enter the following command
- at the PowerShell command prompt:
-
- help about_switch
-