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- /*
- * mkfs.c - make a linux (minix) file-system.
- *
- * (C) 1991 Linus Torvalds. This file may be redistributed as per
- * the Linux copyright.
- */
-
- /*
- * 24.11.91 - time began. Used the fsck sources to get started.
- *
- * 25.11.91 - corrected some bugs. Added support for ".badblocks"
- * The algorithm for ".badblocks" is a bit weird, but
- * it should work. Oh, well.
- *
- * 25.01.92 - Added the -l option for getting the list of bad blocks
- * out of a named file. (Dave Rivers, rivers@ponds.uucp)
- *
- * 28.02.92 - added %-information when using -c.
- *
- * 28.02.93 - added support for other namelengths than the original
- * 14 characters so that I can test the new kernel routines..
- *
- * Sat Oct 9 11:48:31 1993, faith@cs.unc.edu: make exit status conform
- * to that required by fsutil
- *
- * 31.10.93 - added inode request feature, for backup floppies: use
- * 32 inodes, for a news partition use more.
- * (Scott Heavner, sdh@po.cwru.edu)
- *
- * Mon Jan 3 11:08:49 1994, Dr. Wettstein (greg%wind.uucp@plains.nodak.edu).
- * Added support for file system valid flag.
- *
- * 9.11.94 - added test to prevent overwrite of mounted fs adapted
- * from Theodore Ts'o's (tytso@athena.mit.edu) mke2fs
- * program. (Daniel Quinlan, quinlan@yggdrasil.com)
- *
- * Usage: mkfs [-c] [-nXX] [-iXX] device size-in-blocks
- * mkfs [-l filename ] device size-in-blocks
- *
- * -c for readablility checking (SLOW!)
- * -l for getting a list of bad blocks from a file.
- * -n for namelength (currently the kernel only uses 14 or 30)
- * -i for number of inodes
- *
- * The device may be a block device or a image of one, but this isn't
- * enforced (but it's not much fun on a character device :-).
- */
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <time.h>
- #include <unistd.h>
- #include <string.h>
- #include <signal.h>
- #include <fcntl.h>
- #include <ctype.h>
- #include <stdlib.h>
- #include <termios.h>
- #include <sys/stat.h>
- #include <mntent.h>
-
- #include <linux/fs.h>
- #include <linux/minix_fs.h>
-
- #ifndef __GNUC__
- #error "needs gcc for the bitop-__asm__'s"
- #endif
-
- #ifndef __linux__
- #define volatile
- #endif
-
- #define MINIX_ROOT_INO 1
- #define MINIX_BAD_INO 2
-
- #define TEST_BUFFER_BLOCKS 16
- #define MAX_GOOD_BLOCKS 512
-
- #define UPPER(size,n) ((size+((n)-1))/(n))
- #define INODE_SIZE (sizeof(struct minix_inode))
- #define INODE_BLOCKS UPPER(INODES,MINIX_INODES_PER_BLOCK)
- #define INODE_BUFFER_SIZE (INODE_BLOCKS * BLOCK_SIZE)
-
- #define BITS_PER_BLOCK (BLOCK_SIZE<<3)
-
- static char * program_name = "mkfs";
- static char * device_name = NULL;
- static int DEV = -1;
- static long BLOCKS = 0;
- static int check = 0;
- static int badblocks = 0;
- static int namelen = 30; /* default (changed to 30, per Linus's
- suggestion, Sun Nov 21 08:05:07 1993) */
- static int dirsize = 16;
- static int magic = MINIX_SUPER_MAGIC;
-
- static char root_block[BLOCK_SIZE] = "\0";
-
- static char * inode_buffer = NULL;
- #define Inode (((struct minix_inode *) inode_buffer)-1)
- static char super_block_buffer[BLOCK_SIZE];
- #define Super (*(struct minix_super_block *)super_block_buffer)
- #define INODES ((unsigned long)Super.s_ninodes)
- #define ZONES ((unsigned long)Super.s_nzones)
- #define IMAPS ((unsigned long)Super.s_imap_blocks)
- #define ZMAPS ((unsigned long)Super.s_zmap_blocks)
- #define FIRSTZONE ((unsigned long)Super.s_firstdatazone)
- #define ZONESIZE ((unsigned long)Super.s_log_zone_size)
- #define MAXSIZE ((unsigned long)Super.s_max_size)
- #define MAGIC (Super.s_magic)
- #define NORM_FIRSTZONE (2+IMAPS+ZMAPS+INODE_BLOCKS)
-
- static char inode_map[BLOCK_SIZE * MINIX_I_MAP_SLOTS];
- static char zone_map[BLOCK_SIZE * MINIX_Z_MAP_SLOTS];
-
- static unsigned short good_blocks_table[MAX_GOOD_BLOCKS];
- static int used_good_blocks = 0;
- static unsigned long req_nr_inodes = 0;
-
- #define bitop(name,op) \
- static inline int name(char * addr,unsigned int nr) \
- { \
- int __res; \
- __asm__ __volatile__("bt" op " %1,%2; adcl $0,%0" \
- :"=g" (__res) \
- :"r" (nr),"m" (*(addr)),"0" (0)); \
- return __res; \
- }
-
- bitop(bit,"")
- bitop(setbit,"s")
- bitop(clrbit,"r")
-
- #define inode_in_use(x) (bit(inode_map,(x)))
- #define zone_in_use(x) (bit(zone_map,(x)-FIRSTZONE+1))
-
- #define mark_inode(x) (setbit(inode_map,(x)))
- #define unmark_inode(x) (clrbit(inode_map,(x)))
-
- #define mark_zone(x) (setbit(zone_map,(x)-FIRSTZONE+1))
- #define unmark_zone(x) (clrbit(zone_map,(x)-FIRSTZONE+1))
-
- /*
- * Volatile to let gcc know that this doesn't return. When trying
- * to compile this under minix, volatile gives a warning, as
- * exit() isn't defined as volatile under minix.
- */
- volatile void fatal_error(const char * fmt_string,int status)
- {
- fprintf(stderr,fmt_string,program_name,device_name);
- exit(status);
- }
-
- #define usage() fatal_error("Usage: %s [-c | -l filename] [-nXX] [-iXX] /dev/name blocks\n",16)
- #define die(str) fatal_error("%s: " str "\n",8)
-
- /*
- * Check to make certain that our new filesystem won't be created on
- * an already mounted partition. Code adapted from mke2fs, Copyright
- * (C) 1994 Theodore Ts'o. Also licensed under GPL.
- */
- static void check_mount(void)
- {
- FILE * f;
- struct mntent * mnt;
-
- if ((f = setmntent (MOUNTED, "r")) == NULL)
- return;
- while ((mnt = getmntent (f)) != NULL)
- if (strcmp (device_name, mnt->mnt_fsname) == 0)
- break;
- endmntent (f);
- if (!mnt)
- return;
-
- die("%s is mounted; will not make a filesystem here!");
- }
-
- void write_tables(void)
- {
- /* Mark the super block valid. */
- Super.s_state |= MINIX_VALID_FS;
- Super.s_state &= ~MINIX_ERROR_FS;
-
- if (BLOCK_SIZE != lseek(DEV, BLOCK_SIZE, SEEK_SET))
- die("seek failed in write_tables");
- if (BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV, super_block_buffer, BLOCK_SIZE))
- die("unable to write super-block");
- if (IMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV,inode_map,IMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE))
- die("Unable to write inode map");
- if (ZMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV,zone_map,ZMAPS*BLOCK_SIZE))
- die("Unable to write zone map");
- if (INODE_BUFFER_SIZE != write(DEV,inode_buffer,INODE_BUFFER_SIZE))
- die("Unable to write inodes");
- }
-
- void write_block(int blk, char * buffer)
- {
- if (blk*BLOCK_SIZE != lseek(DEV, blk*BLOCK_SIZE, SEEK_SET))
- die("seek failed in write_block");
- if (BLOCK_SIZE != write(DEV, buffer, BLOCK_SIZE))
- die("write failed in write_block");
- }
-
- int get_free_block(void)
- {
- int blk;
-
- if (used_good_blocks+1 >= MAX_GOOD_BLOCKS)
- die("too many bad blocks");
- if (used_good_blocks)
- blk = good_blocks_table[used_good_blocks-1]+1;
- else
- blk = FIRSTZONE;
- while (blk < ZONES && zone_in_use(blk))
- blk++;
- if (blk >= ZONES)
- die("not enough good blocks");
- good_blocks_table[used_good_blocks] = blk;
- used_good_blocks++;
- return blk;
- }
-
- void mark_good_blocks(void)
- {
- int blk;
-
- for (blk=0 ; blk < used_good_blocks ; blk++)
- mark_zone(good_blocks_table[blk]);
- }
-
- inline int next(int zone)
- {
- if (!zone)
- zone = FIRSTZONE-1;
- while (++zone < ZONES)
- if (zone_in_use(zone))
- return zone;
- return 0;
- }
-
- void make_bad_inode(void)
- {
- struct minix_inode * inode = &Inode[MINIX_BAD_INO];
- int i,j,zone;
- int ind=0,dind=0;
- unsigned short ind_block[BLOCK_SIZE>>1];
- unsigned short dind_block[BLOCK_SIZE>>1];
-
- #define NEXT_BAD (zone = next(zone))
-
- if (!badblocks)
- return;
- mark_inode(MINIX_BAD_INO);
- inode->i_nlinks = 1;
- inode->i_time = time(NULL);
- inode->i_mode = S_IFREG + 0000;
- inode->i_size = badblocks*BLOCK_SIZE;
- zone = next(0);
- for (i=0 ; i<7 ; i++) {
- inode->i_zone[i] = zone;
- if (!NEXT_BAD)
- goto end_bad;
- }
- inode->i_zone[7] = ind = get_free_block();
- memset(ind_block,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
- for (i=0 ; i<512 ; i++) {
- ind_block[i] = zone;
- if (!NEXT_BAD)
- goto end_bad;
- }
- inode->i_zone[8] = dind = get_free_block();
- memset(dind_block,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
- for (i=0 ; i<512 ; i++) {
- write_block(ind,(char *) ind_block);
- dind_block[i] = ind = get_free_block();
- memset(ind_block,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
- for (j=0 ; j<512 ; j++) {
- ind_block[j] = zone;
- if (!NEXT_BAD)
- goto end_bad;
- }
- }
- die("too many bad blocks");
- end_bad:
- if (ind)
- write_block(ind, (char *) ind_block);
- if (dind)
- write_block(dind, (char *) dind_block);
- }
-
- void make_root_inode(void)
- {
- struct minix_inode * inode = &Inode[MINIX_ROOT_INO];
-
- mark_inode(MINIX_ROOT_INO);
- inode->i_zone[0] = get_free_block();
- inode->i_nlinks = 2;
- inode->i_time = time(NULL);
- if (badblocks)
- inode->i_size = 3*dirsize;
- else {
- root_block[2*dirsize] = '\0';
- root_block[2*dirsize+1] = '\0';
- inode->i_size = 2*dirsize;
- }
- inode->i_mode = S_IFDIR + 0755;
- write_block(inode->i_zone[0],root_block);
- }
-
- void setup_tables(void)
- {
- int i;
-
- memset(inode_map,0xff,sizeof(inode_map));
- memset(zone_map,0xff,sizeof(zone_map));
- memset(super_block_buffer,0,BLOCK_SIZE);
- MAGIC = magic;
- ZONESIZE = 0;
- MAXSIZE = (7+512+512*512)*1024;
- ZONES = BLOCKS;
- /* some magic nrs: 1 inode / 3 blocks */
- if ( req_nr_inodes == 0 )
- INODES = BLOCKS/3;
- else
- INODES = req_nr_inodes;
- /* I don't want some off-by-one errors, so this hack... */
- if ((INODES & 8191) > 8188)
- INODES -= 5;
- if ((INODES & 8191) < 10)
- INODES -= 20;
- IMAPS = UPPER(INODES,BITS_PER_BLOCK);
- ZMAPS = 0;
- while (ZMAPS != UPPER(BLOCKS - NORM_FIRSTZONE,BITS_PER_BLOCK))
- ZMAPS = UPPER(BLOCKS - NORM_FIRSTZONE,BITS_PER_BLOCK);
- FIRSTZONE = NORM_FIRSTZONE;
- for (i = FIRSTZONE ; i<ZONES ; i++)
- unmark_zone(i);
- for (i = MINIX_ROOT_INO ; i<INODES ; i++)
- unmark_inode(i);
- inode_buffer = malloc(INODE_BUFFER_SIZE);
- if (!inode_buffer)
- die("Unable to allocate buffer for inodes");
- memset(inode_buffer,0,INODE_BUFFER_SIZE);
- printf("%d inodes\n",INODES);
- printf("%d blocks\n",ZONES);
- printf("Firstdatazone=%d (%d)\n",FIRSTZONE,NORM_FIRSTZONE);
- printf("Zonesize=%d\n",BLOCK_SIZE<<ZONESIZE);
- printf("Maxsize=%d\n\n",MAXSIZE);
- }
-
- /*
- * Perform a test of a block; return the number of
- * blocks readable/writeable.
- */
- long do_check(char * buffer, int try, unsigned int current_block)
- {
- long got;
-
- /* Seek to the correct loc. */
- if (lseek(DEV, current_block * BLOCK_SIZE, SEEK_SET) !=
- current_block * BLOCK_SIZE ) {
- die("seek failed during testing of blocks");
- }
-
-
- /* Try the read */
- got = read(DEV, buffer, try * BLOCK_SIZE);
- if (got < 0) got = 0;
- if (got & (BLOCK_SIZE - 1 )) {
- printf("Weird values in do_check: probably bugs\n");
- }
- got /= BLOCK_SIZE;
- return got;
- }
-
- static unsigned int currently_testing = 0;
-
- void alarm_intr(int alnum)
- {
- if (currently_testing >= ZONES)
- return;
- signal(SIGALRM,alarm_intr);
- alarm(5);
- if (!currently_testing)
- return;
- printf("%d ...", currently_testing);
- fflush(stdout);
- }
-
- void check_blocks(void)
- {
- int try,got;
- static char buffer[BLOCK_SIZE * TEST_BUFFER_BLOCKS];
-
- currently_testing=0;
- signal(SIGALRM,alarm_intr);
- alarm(5);
- while (currently_testing < ZONES) {
- if (lseek(DEV,currently_testing*BLOCK_SIZE,SEEK_SET) !=
- currently_testing*BLOCK_SIZE)
- die("seek failed in check_blocks");
- try = TEST_BUFFER_BLOCKS;
- if (currently_testing + try > ZONES)
- try = ZONES-currently_testing;
- got = do_check(buffer, try, currently_testing);
- currently_testing += got;
- if (got == try)
- continue;
- if (currently_testing < FIRSTZONE)
- die("bad blocks before data-area: cannot make fs");
- mark_zone(currently_testing);
- badblocks++;
- currently_testing++;
- }
- if (badblocks)
- printf("%d bad block%s\n",badblocks,(badblocks>1)?"s":"");
- }
-
- void get_list_blocks(filename)
- char *filename;
- {
- FILE *listfile;
- unsigned long blockno;
-
- listfile=fopen(filename,"r");
- if(listfile == (FILE *)NULL) {
- die("Can't open file of bad blocks");
- }
- while(!feof(listfile)) {
- fscanf(listfile,"%d\n", &blockno);
- mark_zone(blockno);
- badblocks++;
- }
- if(badblocks) {
- printf("%d bad block%s\n", badblocks, (badblocks>1)?"s":"");
- }
- }
-
- int main(int argc, char ** argv)
- {
- int i;
- char * tmp;
- struct stat statbuf;
- char * listfile = NULL;
-
- if (argc && *argv)
- program_name = *argv;
- if (INODE_SIZE * MINIX_INODES_PER_BLOCK != BLOCK_SIZE)
- die("bad inode size");
- while (argc-- > 1) {
- argv++;
- if (argv[0][0] != '-')
- if (device_name) {
- BLOCKS = strtol(argv[0],&tmp,0);
- if (*tmp) {
- printf("strtol error: number of"
- " blocks not specified");
- usage();
- }
- } else
- device_name = argv[0];
- else {
- if(argv[0][1] == 'l') {
- listfile = argv[1];
- argv++;
- if (!(argc--))
- usage();
- } else {
- if(argv[0][1] == 'i') {
- req_nr_inodes
- = (unsigned long)atol(argv[1]);
- argv++;
- if (!(argc--))
- usage();
- } else while (*(++argv[0])) {
- switch (argv[0][0]) {
- case 'c': check=1; break;
- case 'n':
- i = strtoul(argv[0]+1,&tmp,0);
- if (*tmp)
- usage();
- argv[0][1] = '\0';
- if (i == 14)
- magic = MINIX_SUPER_MAGIC;
- else if (i == 30)
- magic = MINIX_SUPER_MAGIC2;
- else
- usage();
- namelen = i;
- dirsize = i+2;
- break;
- default: usage();
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- if (!device_name || BLOCKS<10 || BLOCKS > 65536) {
- usage();
- }
- check_mount(); /* is it already mounted? */
- tmp = root_block;
- tmp[0] = 1;
- tmp[1] = 0;
- strcpy(tmp+2,".");
- tmp += dirsize;
- tmp[0] = 1;
- tmp[1] = 0;
- strcpy(tmp+2,"..");
- tmp += dirsize;
- tmp[0] = 2;
- tmp[1] = 0;
- strcpy(tmp+2,".badblocks");
- DEV = open(device_name,O_RDWR );
- if (DEV<0)
- die("unable to open %s");
- if (fstat(DEV,&statbuf)<0)
- die("unable to stat %s");
- if (!S_ISBLK(statbuf.st_mode))
- check=0;
- else if (statbuf.st_rdev == 0x0300 || statbuf.st_rdev == 0x0340)
- die("Will not try to make filesystem on '%s'");
- setup_tables();
- if (check)
- check_blocks();
- else if (listfile)
- get_list_blocks(listfile);
- make_root_inode();
- make_bad_inode();
- mark_good_blocks();
- write_tables();
- return 0;
- }
-