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╔═════════════════════════════════╗ ║ MASTERBOOTER v2.2 DOCUMENTATION ║ ║ (C) Nagy Daniel 05-30-97 ║ ╚═════════════════════════════════╝ SHAREWARE VERSION ┌──────────┐ │ CONTENTS │ └──────────┘ Disclaimer............................ 1 Copyright............................. 2 Introduction.......................... 3 Files in the Package.................. 4 Features.............................. 5 Compatibility......................... 6 Usage................................. 7 The DynamicLoader Utility............. 8 A Step-by-step Example................ 9 History.............................. 10 Registration......................... 11 Contact, About the Author............ 12 ┌────────────┐ │ DISCLAIMER ├──────────────────────── 1 ───────────────────────────────────── └────────────┘ Using this program comes without any warranty. The author and distributors will not accept responsibility for any damage incurred directly or indirectly through use of this program. Use at your own risk! ┌───────────┐ │ COPYRIGHT ├───────────────────────── 2 ───────────────────────────────────── └───────────┘ This program is copyright (c) Nagy Daniel. This program is shareware. You are free to distribute it by electronic means and make as many copies as you want on electronic or magnetic media, as long as the files of this package remain unmodified, with copyright notices intact. Distributing parts separtely is not allowed! Selling for money is prohibited without the author's prior permission. ┌──────────────┐ │ INTRODUCTION ├────────────────────── 3 ───────────────────────────────────── └──────────────┘ MasterBooter is a very powerful utility which enables your computer to use multiple operation systems without changing harddisks or messing with boot floppies. You can choose among up to three operating systems at boot time (six in the registered verison). MasterBooter is compatible with many operating systems. ┌──────────────────┐ │ FILES IN PACKAGE ├────────────────── 4 ───────────────────────────────────── └──────────────────┘ DYNALOAD.EXE - Dynamic bootmanager EFDISK.EXE - Extended FDISK partitioning program EFDISK.DOC - EFDISK documentation EFDHUN.DOC - Hungarian EFDISK documentation FILE_ID.DIZ - Description for BBS systems MRBOOTER.EXE - MasterBooter executable MRBOOTER.DOC - MasterBooter documentation MRBTHUN.DOC - Hungarian MasterBooter documentation MRESCUE.COM - Rescue disk maker utility REGISTER.FRM - Registration form ┌──────────┐ │ FEATURES ├────────────────────────── 5 ───────────────────────────────────── └──────────┘ - Capability of booting from any harddisk's any primary partition - Compatibility with many operating systems: MS-DOS Novell DOS, Caldera OpenDOS, IBM DOS Linux FreeBSD OS/2 (Warp, Merlin) Windows95 Windows97 (Memphis) (*) Windows NT Unknown OS with 'standard' boot process (*) - Programmable delay time (3 is the default in the shareware) (*) - Primary FAT partition hiding/unhiding - Password protecting a partition - Optional beeping when the boot menu appears - Up to three operating systems on a single computer without the hassle of boot disks! (Registered version allows six!) - VERY small memory and harddisk space requirement for the setup program only. The loader doesn't use any memory or disk space! - Support for command line options to customize your boot menu (*) - Safety and easy-to-use user interface (*) these features work in registered version only! ┌───────────────┐ │ COMPATIBILITY ├───────────────────── 6 ───────────────────────────────────── └───────────────┘ Requirements: - 80286 processor or newer - MS-DOS or compatible operating system (for installation only) - At least one harddisk - Keyboard - VGA adapter - If you have a harddisk with capacity of more than 540MB, then your mainboard MUST have a new BIOS (EBIOS) which supports large drives, else you won't be able to use MasterBooter. Most 486 and all Pentium machines have such BIOS. This program souldn't conflict with any other programs which don't alter your disk's Master Boot Record. Known programs which alter the MBR (and therefore can't be used with MasterBooter) are: - LILO (Linux's booter) if installed in MBR. Note that if LILO is installed in its partition's boot sector (the Linux partition superblock), then MasterBooter CAN coexist with LILO! - MicroHouse's EZ-Drive - OnTrack's Disk Manager - PC Vault ┌───────┐ │ USAGE ├───────────────────────────── 7 ───────────────────────────────────── └───────┘ Introduction: ───────────── Every time you turn on your computer, the BIOS executes a small program, which resides in the very first sector of your harddisk. This sector is the so-called Master Boot Record (MBR). This small program examines the partitions, and loads the operating system of the partition which has the 'active' flag. A harddisk can contain up to four primary partitions, but only one can be active at a time. This flexible technique enables many operating systems to be used on a PC. However, these systems often have their own unique loader code, and won't let you use other systems, unless you know tricky methods to get past this. MasterBooter works by replacing the program in the MBR with its own loader code that you can configure, so you can select from any installed operating systems. MasterBooter uses additional four sectors after the Master Boot Record. Overview: ───────── If you have all operating systems installed, all you need to do is to run MRBOOTER.EXE, and configure your MBR. Before doing so you can use MRESCUE to create a backup copy of your partition tables and boot sectors. The Rescue utility from Norton Utilities is also a good choice to save all important areas of your harddisks. If you want to create a completely new system, follow the instructions below. Using EFDISK, partition the disk into as many primary partitions as you intend to have operating systems (up to a maximum of four per harddisk). Install DOS to them, and then use MRBOOTER to configure the MBR. Then install an operating system on each partition. When complete, you will be able to choose which system to boot each time you start your computer! 1) Preparing To Partition Your Harddisk ──────────────────────────────────── WARNING: Re-partitioning your harddisk will erase ALL data from it! Make sure you have backed up any important files! Since most operating systems need to be started from a primary partition to boot reliably, you will need to use a disk partitioning utility that lets you make multiple primary partitions. FDISK, which is supplied as standard with DOS and Windows95, cannot create more than one primary partition, so the MasterBooter package includes EFDISK for this purpose. First, create a boot floppy and put copies of the following files onto it: MRBOOTER.EXE (the MasterBooter utility) EFDISK.EXE (disk-partitioning utility) FDISK.EXE (disk-partitioning utility) FORMAT.COM (to format DOS partitions) If you need to install any operating systems from a CD-ROM, you will also need CD-ROM driver files, plus properly configured AUTOEXEC.BAT and CONFIG.SYS files for this. Make sure it works before proceeding! Reboot your machine with your boot floppy. From the relevant directory at the A: prompt, type EFDISK. This will start the EFDISK utility. EFDISK will gather information about your disks and partitions. You will then be provided with a list of all partitions on all disks and their parameters. From this list you can choose the partition entry you want to change. When you select a partition, EFDISK will ask the following questions: - The hexadecimal type ID of the partition. EFDISK will show you the most common types and their IDs. - The starting cylinder of the partition (the minimum is 0). If the previous partition ends on cylinder 'x' then set this to 'x+1'. This number is decimal. - The ending cylinder number of partition. EFDISK will show you the maximum cylinder number available for the actual harddisk. The number of heads and sectors per track are determined automatically for each disk, you don't have to mess with them. Pressing SPACE will activate the highlighted partition, pressing DEL will clear it. NOTE: EFDISK doesn't check for partition errors! It's not an 'intelligent' program. You have total freedom to set all parameters, even if they are incorrect or redundant! When setting up partitions, bear the following in mind: Due to DOS file system limits, the larger the partition, the more space is wasted by "overhang." If you have a large drive (around 800MB or above) you may want to optimise your use of disk space by making each partition just below one of the "doubling points" (i.e. 255, 511, 1023 megabytes, etc.). However if you plan to convert the partition into any non-FAT type, this is not important. You can also have "extended" partitions, but EFDISK can only create primary partitions. You can, however, use the standard DOS FDISK utility to create an extended partition, and then create "logical drives" within that if you wish. Bear in mind that you can have a maximum of four primary and extended partitions on one drive, because each allocates one partition entry in the table. After preparing all partition entries, press F10 to save the new partition table to disk. 2) Using MRBOOTER ────────────── Now that you have successfully partitioned your harddisk, you can use the MRBOOTER utility to set up your system for booting multiple operating systems, then install the systems you wish to run. How you now proceed depends on which operating systems you plan to install, but you will probably need to format and install DOS on at least one of them if you are planning to put DOS, Windows 3.x or Windows95 on any partition. Use FORMAT.EXE on your boot floppy with the /s switch to format and install the DOS kernel on the relevant partitions. Now boot from your floppy and run MRBOOTER. You will be asked to name each boot partition. Here you can enable passwords, FAT partition hiding and beeping. When you have finished, you can then write this information to the MBR and MasterBooter has been installed! Please note, that MasterBooter can read the keystrokes from a file. This can be very helpful for system administrators, because setting up a complete system can be automatic with a simple batch file. When you next reboot from the harddisk you will see a small menu asking you to type a number corresponding to the operating system you wish to boot. If you use password protecting, then you will be asked for a password. If you enter bad passwords 3 times, the computer will stop. If you enable partition hiding, then only the active FAT partition will be accessible (as drive C:), the other primary FAT partitions on the master harddisk will be hidden. Of course all logical drives will be accessible. Now you can begin installing the operating systems. 3) Uninstalling ──────────── MasterBooter can be uninstalled with the FDISK program, which is included in all versions of DOS. Simply typing 'fdisk /mbr' will uninstall MasterBooter. Note that the currently active partition will boot after restarting the computer. 4) Important Notes ─────────────── - DOS based systems (therefore Windows95) and Windows NT can boot from the slave harddisk only if FAT hiding is enabled! - Before using this program be sure to disable the virus warning option in your system's BIOS (if it has this option), else the BIOS won't let MasterBooter to modify your harddisk's MBR! - If you want to add a partition later, don't hesitate, but after doing so you must re-run MasterBooter to update the new system. - Before running MasterBooter quit all multitasking environments (ie. Windows or OS/2 DOS box) and run plain DOS, because these operating systems won't let programs to modify the Master Boot Record. - If you have two harddisks then I recommend the following: Put DOSes and Windowses (3.1, 95 and NT) on the master, OS/2 Warp and Linux on the slave disk. - With DOS and Windows (not NT!) versions it's usually a good idea to create as small partitions as possible for the OSes itselves, and bigger logical drives for common data. - If you want to use common data partitions, create an extended partition with the original FDISK, then create logical drives in it. These logical drives are usable by nearly all OSes. - After installing Windows95, MasterBooter menu will disappear, because the installer overwrites the Master Boot Record. Don't panic, just simply re-run MasterBooter, and everything will work fine. - If you install Linux on the slave disk, don't let LILO to modify the Master Boot Record, install it in the Linux partition's boot sector instead. Maybe you'll get a warning message saying you will not be able to boot Linux, but don't panic. Just run MasterBooter after the installation is done. - If you're installing FreeBSD do not set the beginning of the FreeBSD partition directly after the Master Boot Record, because MasterBooter uses four more sectors after the MBR. - Bear in mind that the active partition is always called C:. Don't overwrite one system with another by choosing the wrong partition to install it on! ┌───────────────────────────┐ │ THE DYNAMICLOADER UTILITY ├───────── 8 ───────────────────────────────────── └───────────────────────────┘ From v2.2. a new utility called dynamicloader (dynaload.exe) is added to the MasterBooter package. This utility installs a dynamic bootmanager, which means that it recognizes all installed operating systems at boot time on-the-fly, and generates a boot menu. Because it is dynamic, the system names, passwords and default systems are not customizable. When executed, DynamicLoader asks for FAT hiding, beeping and delay time setting. With all these options set, DynamicLoader installs its loader code, and next time you start the computer, an automatically generated boot menu appears. This utility is useful if you often change the slave harddisks with different operating systems on them. ┌────────────────────────┐ │ A STEP-BY-STEP EXAMPLE ├──────────── 9 ───────────────────────────────────── └────────────────────────┘ Let's suppose that we have a 1.6Gig master, and a 540Mb slave harddisk. We won't use FAT partition hiding here. Let's partition the harddisks in the following way: Master: 100Mb - for MS-DOS/Win3.1 300Mb - for Windows95 500Mb - for programs and data ─┐ These two partitions will 699Mb - for games, archive area │ be logical drives in an for writing CD-ROMs ─┘ extended partition 1Mb - for OS/2 Warp Boot Manager (it can be deleted after OS/2 is fully installed) Slave: 240Mb - for Linux 300Mb - for OS/2 Warp Here's the recipee: 1: Create a system diskette, and copy FORMAT, FDISK, EFDISK and MRBOOTER onto it. 2: Run EFDISK and create the 100Mb and 300Mb partitions on the master harddisk (both are BIGDOS type) 3: When the computer reboots, boot up with the system diskette and run FDISK. Create a 1199Mb extended partition, and crate the 500Mb and 699Mb logical drives in it. 4: After rebooting, use the diskette again. Format C: and F: with the '/s' command line option, D: and E: without it. Now you have two simple primary bootable partitions with plain DOS on them, and two logical drives (D: and E:). 5: Run MasterBooter and select both DOSes. After rebooting, you should see a small bootmenu with the names you've entered in MasterBooter. 6: Select the 100Mb partition, and install DOS and Windows 3.1 on C:. C: is always the partition you boot, F: will be the other primary partition, D: and E: will be the logical drives. 7: Reboot the computer and select the 300Mb partition. Because now it becomes the C: drive, therfore it should be empty and F: should contain the installed DOS/Win3.1. Install Windows95 to C:. When Windows95 reboots the computer, the bootmenu will disappear. Just continue installing Windows95, and if you're ready, re-install MasterBooter. 8: Now the master harddisk is ready to go. Let's continue with Warp and Linux. Before installing Warp, do a 'fdisk /mbr' to uninstall MasterBooter. 9: Install Warp. During installing, you can use Warp's FDISK to create the 300MB HPFS partition. Warp will call it D:. 10: When all is done, install Linux, but don't let it to write LILO in the Master Boot Record. Install LILO in its own partition's boot sector (superblock) instead. 11: Now install MasterBooter, and live a long and happy life with four OSes on a single PC! The numbers above are just for this example only. The only important thing is that you should leave 1Mb unpartitioned space on the master harddisk, because Warp needs it during installation. ┌─────────┐ │ HISTORY ├────────────────────────── 10 ───────────────────────────────────── └─────────┘ Version: 1.0b - First official test release. Max number of OSes is 4, no password protecting, no FAT hiding, system names are max 8 characters long, no partitioning utility 1.1 - Both versions: Added EFDISK partitioning program to package Fixed typos in documentations Removed 'by NagyD' string from loader Improved 'string input' routine Added Hungarian documentation Registered: Minor bug fixes Added support for unknown file system Added infinite boot delay time Shareware: Minor bug fixes 1.2 - Both versions: Less useless MBR writes (better loader routine) If an OS is not on the first harddisk, then MasterBooter will examine that the 'physical drive number' value in the boot sector is correct. If not, it will be corrected. For example OS/2 cannot boot if this value is incorrect. OS/2's Boot Manager doesn't patch the MBR (this was an error in the documentation of MasterBooter), so it can coexist with MasterBooter (but unnecessary). 1.3 - Both versions: Fixed a small bug in the Boot Sector patcher Added LILO detection in the MBR Loader now clears screen if necessary System names can be up to 16 characters long 1.4 - Both versions: Small improvements in loader routine 1.5 - Both versions: Added support for Windows NT Some documentation cosmetics and additions A Big Thanks goes to Jonathan Baker-Bates, who helped me to re-write and correct the documentation. Shareware: Added support for Novell DOS 2.0 - Both versions: Added support for password protecting a partition Added support for hiding/unhiding FAT partitions Better OS detection routine Fixed documentation bug in the example section DOC files are renamed to TXT 2.1 - Both versions: After writing the new Master Boot Record, pressing ESC will quit to DOS (doesn't reboot) Tested with OS/2 v4.0 (Merlin) Added support for beeping when boot menu appears Registered: Added support for Windows97 (Memphis) Added support for booting up to 6 OSes 2.2 - Both versions: Added support for IBM DOS Added support for FreeBSD On-the-fly FAT unhiding during booting if hidden Loader routine now flushes keyboard buffer Delay time can be up to 99 secs, or eternal Nicer boot menu Now DOS and all Windowses can be booted from a slave HD, but in this case you MUST enable FAT hiding. A big thanks goes to Marcel Remkes for his helping idea Added DynamicLoader utility Keyboard input is redirected to standard input, so all keystrokes can be fed from a file Shareware: Windows95 support is now included (not Memphis) Registered: MasterBooter now supports command line options ┌──────────────┐ │ REGISTRATION ├───────────────────── 11 ───────────────────────────────────── └──────────────┘ Registration benefits the following: - Windows97 (Memphis) support - Unknown OS support - Programmable delay time - Programmable default system - Up to six choosable operation systems (not three) - Support for command line options (both MasterBooter and DynamicLoader) Registration fee: 20 USD for private license 50 USD for small site license, if the program is used on max 50 machines 1 USD / machine for large site license, if the program is used on min 51 machines Print the registration form (the file REGISTER.FRM), fill it and send it to: Nagy Daniel 2011 Budakalasz Ciklamen u. 19. HUNGARY ! Registration via E-mail is NOT accepted, since your signature ! is required! Upon registering you'll get the latest registered version, and the newer versions for free if needed. You can register in three ways: ─────────────────────────────── 1) Send cheqe or money order to: Nagy Daniel Use registered mail only. 2011 Budakalasz Don't send coins! Ciklamen u. 19. HUNGARY 2) Bank transfer from Hungary: Address: Mezobank Rt. 8200 Veszprem Egyetemi fiok 1. Account No.: 10600546-71910019 3) Via Albert's Ambry. Check out http://www.alberts.com for more information. There you can register on-line, and immediately download the registered version. It's probably the most comfortable way of registering. This method is available only for private and small site license! The preferred registration method is to send the cash together with the registration form in a registered envelope. This is the fastest, and we don't have to pay additional postal or bank transfer fee. Getting the software: ──────────────────── You can order your copy on a 1.44Mb floppy diskette. In this case you have to pay additional 5 USD / 300 HUF for postage and package. You can also order via E-mail transfer (preferred). Then you'll get your copy uuencoded in an E-mail. Warning! ─────── You're not allowed to copy or distribute the registered version of this software. If you do so, please consider that my whole work (many weeks I can say...) will be almost wasted time. Please support shareware! ┌─────────┐ │ CONTACT ├────────────────────────── 12 ───────────────────────────────────── └─────────┘ If you have any problems, questions or suggestions you can contact me through mail or Internet E-mail. Bug reports, ideas also welcomed! Currently I'm a student at the University of Veszprem, department of Information Technology. I'm 23 (in 1997). Postal address: Internet E-mail address: ────────────── ─────────────────────── Nagy Daniel nagyd@almos.vein.hu 2011 Budakalasz Ciklamen u. 19 WWW homepage: HUNGARY ───────────── http://www.vein.hu/~nagyd Fax: (36) 26 340-472