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- ===========================================================================
- | Pentium(R) Pro Processor and Pentium(R) II Processor |
- | Processor Update Utility Help File |
- | v3.2 June 1997 |
- | Copyright 1995-7, Intel Corporation. |
- | |
- | TABLE OF CONTENTS |
- | 1) INTRODUCTION |
- | 2) MICROCODE UPDATE OVERVIEW |
- | 3) USING THE PROCESSOR UPDATE UTILITY |
- | 4) ERROR MESSAGES |
- | 5) LEGAL NOTICE |
- ===========================================================================
-
- 1) INTRODUCTION
-
- This document is written for professional system integrators building PCs
- from industry accepted motherboards, chassis, and peripherals. It summarizes
- use of the Processor Update Utility needed to successfully integrate PCs
- based on the Pentium(R) Pro processor and Pentium II processor. The
- information in this document applies to PCs assembled using Boxed Pentium
- Pro processors and Boxed Pentium II processors. The term "Boxed processors"
- refers to processors packaged for use by system integrators.
-
-
- 2) MICROCODE UPDATE OVERVIEW
-
- The Pentium Pro processor and Pentium II processor may contain design
- defects or errors known as errata that may cause the product to deviate from
- published specifications. Many times, the effects of the errata can be
- avoided by implementing hardware or software work-arounds, which are
- documented in the Pentum Pro Processor Specification Update and Pentium II
- Processor Specification Update, both of which can be found at www.intel.com.
- Pentium Pro and Pentium II processors include a feature called "reprogrammable
- microcode", which allows certain types of errata to be worked around via
- microcode updates. The microcode updates reside in the system BIOS and are
- loaded into the processor by the system BIOS during Power-On Self Test, or
- POST.
-
- System BIOS code on motherboards based on Pentium Pro and Pentium II
- processors contains microcode updates that are specific to each silicon
- stepping (revision) of the processor. Integrators must ensure the microcode
- update matches the processor stepping used. When the BIOS does not contain
- a microcode update that matches the processor stepping, integrators must
- install the latest microcode update in the BIOS before shipping the system.
- Historically, systems based on the Pentium Pro and Pentium II processors
- have been updated by upgrading the entire system BIOS with a new revision of
- the system BIOS that contains the correct microcode update for the processor.
- However, such a process may be time consuming when assembling and configuring
- many systems.
-
- Intel has worked closely with BIOS developers to implement a processor
- update Applications Programming Interface (API), which allows just the
- microcode update within the system BIOS to be installed as needed.
- Motherboards that contain a system BIOS with the Intel-defined processor
- update API can be quickly and easily updated, if required, without need for
- a complete system BIOS upgrade.
-
- Table 1 contains the current microcode update revision for each processor
- stepping. These microcode update revisions are contained in the microcode
- update database file, which comes with the Pentium Pro processor and
- Pentium II processor update utility.
-
- Table 1.
- Processor steppings (revisions) and microcode update revisions
- supported by the microcode update database file PEP4.PDB
-
- Processor Stepping Microcode Update Rev
- 0x612 0xC6
- 0x616 0xC6
- 0x617 0xC6
- 0x619 0xD1
- 0x633 0x32
-
- Using this utility, and the information in Table 1, integrators can
- easily verify that the correct microcode update is present in all Pentium
- Pro processor-based motherboards and Pentium II processor-based
- motherboards (even those without the API). Refer to the examples below
- for information on determining the processor stepping and microcode update
- revision contained in the motherboard. If the microcode update requires
- updating, the motherboard BIOS must contain the Intel-defined processor
- update API, otherwise a complete BIOS upgrade is required from the
- motherboard vendor.
-
-
- 3) USING THE PROCESSOR UPDATE UTILITY
-
- CHECKUP3.EXE supports systems based on both the Pentium Pro processor and
- Pentium II processor. The Intel-defined processor update API is identical
- for both processors.
-
- This Pentium Pro processor and Pentium II processor update utility,
- and it's associated files, are distributed in the self-extracting archive
- file PUPDT32.EXE, which includes the files listed below. Copy these files
- onto a DOS bootable diskette and boot from this diskette.
-
- 1) CHECKUP3.EXE -- DOS application to check the presence of a
- valid microcode update loaded into the processor by
- the BIOS. This utility also updates the microcode
- update, as required, in motherboards containing a BIOS
- that supports the Intel-defined processor update API.
- 2) PEPx.PDB -- Microcode update database file, where "x" is the
- revision number. This file will updated as required
- when a new microcode update is released.
- 3) CHECKUP.HLP -- ASCII text help file that can be viewed from
- CHECKUP3.EXE
- 4) README.TXT -- Same as CHECKUP.HLP and can be viewed with any ASCII
- text viewer
-
- CHECKUP3.EXE will create the following files in the present working
- directory:
-
- 4) LASTUP.PDB -- ASCII file created by CHECKUP3.EXE to store the
- name of the microcode update database file that was
- most recently used.
- 5) STATUS.LOG -- ASCII file that contains the messages that
- were printed to the screen during the most recent
- update session.
-
-
- COMMANDS/OPTIONS:
-
- Before using the utility, ensure that any jumper settings on the
- motherboard are placed in the "Flash update" position to enable writing
- to the flash memory. After successfully installing a microcode update, be
- sure to return all jumpers to their orginal setting.
- To invoke the utility, at the DOS prompt type the command line:
-
- CHECKUP3 <CR>
-
- The main menu should now be displayed, showing the following four
- options available:
-
- 1) Check and load update
- 2) Specify Microcode Update database file [current: pepx.pdb]
- 3) Help
- 4) Quit without loading update
-
-
- SPECIFY UPDATE DATABASE:
-
- Option #2 allows the microcode update database file to be specified. The
- target microcode update database file needs to be specified any time a new
- microcode update database file is obtained. Only one version of the
- microcode update database file will be the most current at any point in
- time. The most current microcode update database file contains data for all
- Pentium Pro and Pentium II processors that are in production. These files
- are named using the format PEPx.PDB, where the most current database file
- has the largest value of "x".
-
- CHECK AND LOAD UPDATE (Example with Update API not present in the BIOS):
-
- For motherboards with a BIOS that does not have the Intel-defined processor
- update API, option #1 can be used to determine that the system BIOS loads
- the latest microcode update into the processor. The utility will display the
- bootstrap processor stepping signature, which consists of the Family, Model
- and Stepping number. (Example: Stepping signature 616 can be broken into
- Family=6, Model=1, Stepping=6). Next, an indication that the API does or
- does not exist will be displayed, followed by the revision of the microcode
- update loaded into the processor by the BIOS. The utility will then display
- the revision of microcode update in the database file. If this revision is
- newer than the update loaded into the processor, the utility will ask if you
- wish to temporarily load the update into the processor and boot to the hard
- disk.
-
- (Typical example with API NOT present in the system BIOS, but no update is
- required)
-
- Pentium(R) Pro processor detected. (CPUID=x619)
-
- Your system will not allow this utility to permanently
- install the appropriate microcode update in your system.
- You need to contact your system manufacturer for a system
- BIOS upgrade that contains the microcode update for the
- processor installed. Make sure to specify the CPUID of the
- processor as shown above.
-
- Your system BIOS does not contain a microcode update for
- this processor. Therefore, no microcode update was loaded.
-
- The database file contains a microcode update (revision d1)
- for your processor.
- This utility can temporarily load the microcode update into
- your processor.
-
- Would you like to temporarily load the microcode update
- in your processor? (Y/N) y
-
- The update was loaded into the processor. You need to
- run this utility again after a system power-up or reset.
- No changes were made to the system BIOS.
-
-
- << Please remove Floppy from Floppy Disk Drive,
- Then press any key to boot from the hard drive >>
-
- The above example indicates that the processor has not been loaded with a
- microcode update. A revision "D1" microcode update was found in the
- database file. The user has selected a temporary loading of the microcode
- update. However, this process must be repeated at each system boot unless
- the microcode update is permanently installed in the system BIOS.
- Permanent installation of the microcode update when the API is not present
- can only be achieved by a system BIOS upgrade.
-
- CHECK AND LOAD UPDATE (Examples where update API is present in the BIOS)
-
- For motherboards with a system BIOS that DOES have the Intel-defined
- processor update API, option #1 can be used to determine that the system
- BIOS has loaded the latest microcode update into the processor and install
- a new microcode update if required. The utility will display the bootstrap
- processor stepping, and revision of the microcode update loaded into the
- processor if it is present. Next, since the BIOS contains the API in these
- examples, the processor update utility and the API automatically determine
- if the microcode update in the system BIOS should be updated from the
- microcode update database file (the "PEPx.pdb" file on the floppy disc.)
-
- (Typical example where API is present in the BIOS, but no update is
- required)
-
- Pentium(R) II processor detected. (CPUID=633)
-
- Your processor contains a microcode update, revision 32.
-
- The microcode update already loaded in yoiur processor is newer
- or as new as the microcode update (revision 32) in the database
- file. Please make sure you have the latest database file.
- No changes were made to the system.
-
- (Typical example where API is present in the BIOS, and an update to a
- later microcode update file is required)
-
- Pentium(R) Pro processor detected. (CPUID=617)
-
- Your processor contains a microcode update, revision c5.
-
- The database file contains a microcode update (revision c6)
- for your processor that is more recent than the microcode
- update currently loaded in your processor.
-
- Would you like to permanently install the microcode update
- for this processor in your system BIOS? (Y/N) y
-
- The microcode update was successfully loaded.
- You do not need to run this utility again, unless a new
- processor is installed or a new database file is used.
-
-
- << Please Remove Floppy from Floppy Disk Drive,
- Then COLD BOOT (power down) system to continue >>
-
-
- IMPORTANT: After running the utility, turn off power to the system to
- reboot (do not warm boot) to ensure new update is
- correctly initialized in the processor. Also, ensure all
- jumpers are returned to their normal settings.
-
-
- 4) ERROR MESSAGES
-
- ERROR: All processors in the system are not Pentium(R) Pro Processors or
- Pentium(R) II processors. Exiting
- ERROR: All Pentium(R) Pro Processor steppings present cannot be
- updated. Exiting
- REASON: Processor must contain an Intel Pentium Pro processor or Pentium II
- processor that has a CPUID signature of 0x612 or newer to be
- compatible with this processor update API. One of these
- conditions is not being met by the system.
-
-
- ERROR: Unable to allocate enough memory to determine cache size.
- ERROR: Unable to allocate enough memory.
- REASON: The utility can't find enough free system memory (aprox.
- 330K bytes) for allocating various data buffers.
-
-
- ERROR: Unable to open update database file: [FILENAME].
- ERROR: No microcode update for signature 0xXXX found
- in database file. Please obtain the latest database file.
- ERROR: Microcode update loader version is incompatible with data
- file. Version: XX.
- ERROR: Checksum failure in database record XX.
- ERROR: Update not loaded. Microcode update header contains a
- loader version which was not recognized by the BIOS.
- ERROR: Update not loaded. Microcode update checksum incorrect.
- ERROR: Update not loaded. Microcode update was rejected
- by processor.
- ERROR: No microcode update found for processor(s) in database file.
- Ensure you are working with the latest database file.
- ERROR: Database file does not contain updates for all of
- the unique processor steppings in the system.
- Please obtain the latest database file.
- REASON: Database file (PEPx.PDB) is corrupt or not the most current one
- available. Obtain the latest version of this file.
-
-
- ERROR: Update Load Verification Failed!
- ERROR: Update not loaded. Failure due to inability to
- erase flash memory device
- ERROR: Update not loaded. Failure due to inability to
- read flash memory device.
- ERROR: Update not successully enabled. BIOS unable to read flash
- memory device.
- ERROR: Failure reading flash memory device.
- ERROR: Update not loaded. BIOS unable to write to flash memory device.
- Ensure jumper settings on motherboard are correct.
- ERROR: Error reading microcode update slot XX.
- ERROR: Verification of microcode update write to flash memory failed.
- REASON: FLASH memory device has failed, or writes are not enabled
- due to incorrect jumper settings on the motherboard.
-
-
- ERROR: 0x%x OEM Error: 0x%x enabling update.
- ERROR: 0x%x OEM Error 0x%x reading update,
- ERROR: 0x%x OEM Error 0x%x writing update.,
- ERROR: Update not loaded. All microcode update slots
- are occupied. BIOS is not managing slots
- correctly. Please contact your motherboard vendor.
- REASON: BIOS vendor does not correctly support the API specification
- and has returned an unrecognized error code to the utility.
- Inform your motherboard vendor of these results, and obtain
- an updated BIOS from them.
-
-
- ERROR: Number of unique processors exceeds 4,
- which is the limit of this update utility.
- ERROR: Number of updates required exceeds the maximum number
- of slots implemented by the BIOS.
- ERROR: BIOS does not contain sufficient number of slots
- to store the microcode update(s).
- REASON: Motherboard contains a larger number of unique-stepping
- processors then the BIOS or this utility supports. If
- possible, install a mix of processors that reduces the
- number of unique steppings.
-
-
-
- 5) LEGAL NOTICE
- INFORMATION IN THIS DOCUMENT IS PROVIDED IN CONNECTION WITH INTEL PRODUCTS.
- YOU MAY COPY THE ATTACHED PROCESSOR UPDATE UTILITY AND DATABASE FILE SOLELY
- FOR YOUR USE WITH THE INTEL PENTIUM PRO PROCESSOR AND PENTIUM II PROCESSOR.
- NO OTHER LICENSE, EXPRESS OR IMPLIED, BY ESTOPPEL OR OTHERWISE, TO ANY
- INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY RIGHTS IS GRANTED BY THIS DOCUMENT. EXCEPT AS
- PROVIDED IN INTEL'S TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF SALE FOR SUCH PRODUCTS, INTEL
- ASSUMES NO LIABILITY WHATSOEVER, AND INTEL DISCLAIMS ANY EXPRESS OR IMPLIED
- WARRANTY, RELATING TO SALE AND/OR USE OF INTEL PRODUCTS INCLUDING LIABILITY
- OR WARRANTIES RELATING TO FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE, MERCHANTABILITY,
- OR INFRINGEMENT OF ANY PATENT, COPYRIGHT OR OTHER INTELLECTUAL PROPERTY
- RIGHT. INTEL PRODUCTS ARE NOT INTENDED FOR USE IN MEDICAL, LIFE SAVING,
- OR LIFE SUSTAINING APPLICATIONS. INTEL MAY MAKE CHANGES TO SPECIFICATIONS
- AND PRODUCT DESCRIPTIONS AT ANY TIME, WITHOUT NOTICE.
-
- DESIGNERS MUST NOT RELY ON THE ABSENCE OR CHARACTERISTICS OF ANY FEATURES
- OR INSTRUCTIONS MARKED "RESERVED" OR "UNDEFINED." INTEL RESERVES THESE
- FOR FUTURE DEFINITION AND SHALL HAVE NO RESPONSIBILITY WHATSOEVER FOR
- CONFLICTS OR INCOMPATIBILITIES ARISING FROM FUTURE CHANGES TO THEM.
-
- THE PENTIUM PRO PROCESSOR AND PENTIUM II PROCESSOR MAY CONTAIN DESIGN
- DEFECTS OR ERRORS KNOWN AS ERRATA. CURRENT CHARACTERIZED ERRATA ARE
- AVAILABLE ON REQUEST.
-