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- /*
- * top - a top users display for Unix
- *
- * SYNOPSIS: any generic 4.3BSD system
- *
- * DESCRIPTION:
- * This is the machine-dependent module for BSD4.3
- * Works for:
- * 4.3 BSD
- * AOS4.3, IBM rt/pc
- * mtXinu, vax
- *
- * LIBS:
- *
- * AUTHOR: Christos Zoulas <christos@ee.cornell.edu>
- */
-
- #include <sys/types.h>
- #include <sys/signal.h>
- #include <sys/param.h>
-
- #include <stdio.h>
- #include <nlist.h>
- #include <math.h>
- #include <sys/dir.h>
- #include <sys/user.h>
- #include <sys/proc.h>
- #include <sys/dk.h>
- #include <sys/vm.h>
- #include <sys/file.h>
- #include <sys/time.h>
- #include <machine/pte.h>
-
-
- #define DOSWAP
-
- #include "top.h"
- #include "machine.h"
- #include "utils.h"
-
- extern int errno, sys_nerr;
- extern char *sys_errlist[];
- #define strerror(e) (((e) >= 0 && (e) < sys_nerr) ? sys_errlist[(e)] : "Unknown error")
-
- #define VMUNIX "/vmunix"
- #define KMEM "/dev/kmem"
- #define MEM "/dev/mem"
- #ifdef DOSWAP
- #define SWAP "/dev/drum"
- #endif
-
- /* get_process_info passes back a handle. This is what it looks like: */
-
- struct handle
- {
- struct proc **next_proc; /* points to next valid proc pointer */
- int remaining; /* number of pointers remaining */
- };
-
- /* declarations for load_avg */
- #include "loadavg.h"
-
- /* define what weighted cpu is. */
- #define weighted_cpu(pct, pp) ((pp)->p_time == 0 ? 0.0 : \
- ((pct) / (1.0 - exp((pp)->p_time * logcpu))))
-
- /* what we consider to be process size: */
- #define PROCSIZE(pp) ((pp)->p_tsize + (pp)->p_dsize + (pp)->p_ssize)
-
- /* definitions for indices in the nlist array */
- #define X_AVENRUN 0
- #define X_CCPU 1
- #define X_NPROC 2
- #define X_PROC 3
- #define X_TOTAL 4
- #define X_CP_TIME 5
- #define X_MPID 6
- #define X_HZ 7
-
- static struct nlist nlst[] = {
- { "_avenrun" }, /* 0 */
- { "_ccpu" }, /* 1 */
- { "_nproc" }, /* 2 */
- { "_proc" }, /* 3 */
- { "_total" }, /* 4 */
- { "_cp_time" }, /* 5 */
- { "_mpid" }, /* 6 */
- { "_hz" }, /* 7 */
- { 0 }
- };
-
- /*
- * These definitions control the format of the per-process area
- */
-
- static char header[] =
- " PID X PRI NICE SIZE RES STATE TIME WCPU CPU COMMAND";
- /* 0123456 -- field to fill in starts at header+6 */
- #define UNAME_START 6
-
- #define Proc_format \
- "%5d %-8.8s %3d %4d %5s %5s %-5s %6s %5.2f%% %5.2f%% %.14s"
-
-
- /* process state names for the "STATE" column of the display */
- /* the extra nulls in the string "run" are for adding a slash and
- the processor number when needed */
-
- char *state_abbrev[] =
- {
- "", "sleep", "WAIT", "run\0\0\0", "start", "zomb", "stop"
- };
-
-
- static int kmem, mem;
- #ifdef DOSWAP
- static int swap;
- #endif
-
- /* values that we stash away in _init and use in later routines */
-
- static double logcpu;
-
- /* these are retrieved from the kernel in _init */
-
- static unsigned long proc;
- static int nproc;
- static long hz;
- static load_avg ccpu;
- static int ncpu = 0;
-
- /* these are offsets obtained via nlist and used in the get_ functions */
-
- static unsigned long avenrun_offset;
- static unsigned long mpid_offset;
- static unsigned long total_offset;
- static unsigned long cp_time_offset;
-
- /* these are for calculating cpu state percentages */
-
- static long cp_time[CPUSTATES];
- static long cp_old[CPUSTATES];
- static long cp_diff[CPUSTATES];
-
- /* these are for detailing the process states */
-
- int process_states[7];
- char *procstatenames[] = {
- "", " sleeping, ", " ABANDONED, ", " running, ", " starting, ",
- " zombie, ", " stopped, ",
- NULL
- };
-
- /* these are for detailing the cpu states */
-
- int cpu_states[4];
- char *cpustatenames[] = {
- "user", "nice", "system", "idle", NULL
- };
-
- /* these are for detailing the memory statistics */
-
- int memory_stats[8];
- char *memorynames[] = {
- "Real: ", "K/", "K act/tot ", "Virtual: ", "K/",
- "K act/tot ", "Free: ", "K", NULL
- };
-
- /* these are for keeping track of the proc array */
-
- static int bytes;
- static int pref_len;
- static struct proc *pbase;
- static struct proc **pref;
-
- /* these are for getting the memory statistics */
-
- static int pageshift; /* log base 2 of the pagesize */
-
- /* define pagetok in terms of pageshift */
-
- #define pagetok(size) ((size) << pageshift)
-
- /* useful externals */
- extern int errno;
- extern char *sys_errlist[];
-
- long lseek();
- long time();
-
- machine_init(statics)
-
- struct statics *statics;
-
- {
- register int i = 0;
- register int pagesize;
-
- if ((kmem = open(KMEM, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
- perror(KMEM);
- return(-1);
- }
- if ((mem = open(MEM, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
- perror(MEM);
- return(-1);
- }
-
- #ifdef DOSWAP
- if ((swap = open(SWAP, O_RDONLY)) == -1) {
- perror(SWAP);
- return(-1);
- }
- #endif
-
- /* get the list of symbols we want to access in the kernel */
- (void) nlist(VMUNIX, nlst);
- if (nlst[0].n_type == 0)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "top: nlist failed\n");
- return(-1);
- }
-
- /* make sure they were all found */
- if (i > 0 && check_nlist(nlst) > 0)
- {
- return(-1);
- }
-
- /* get the symbol values out of kmem */
- (void) getkval(nlst[X_PROC].n_value, (int *)(&proc), sizeof(proc),
- nlst[X_PROC].n_name);
- (void) getkval(nlst[X_NPROC].n_value, &nproc, sizeof(nproc),
- nlst[X_NPROC].n_name);
- (void) getkval(nlst[X_HZ].n_value, (int *)(&hz), sizeof(hz),
- nlst[X_HZ].n_name);
- (void) getkval(nlst[X_CCPU].n_value, (int *)(&ccpu), sizeof(ccpu),
- nlst[X_CCPU].n_name);
-
- /* stash away certain offsets for later use */
- mpid_offset = nlst[X_MPID].n_value;
- avenrun_offset = nlst[X_AVENRUN].n_value;
- total_offset = nlst[X_TOTAL].n_value;
- cp_time_offset = nlst[X_CP_TIME].n_value;
-
- /* this is used in calculating WCPU -- calculate it ahead of time */
- logcpu = log(loaddouble(ccpu));
-
- /* allocate space for proc structure array and array of pointers */
- bytes = nproc * sizeof(struct proc);
- pbase = (struct proc *)malloc(bytes);
- pref = (struct proc **)malloc(nproc * sizeof(struct proc *));
-
- /* Just in case ... */
- if (pbase == (struct proc *)NULL || pref == (struct proc **)NULL)
- {
- fprintf(stderr, "top: can't allocate sufficient memory\n");
- return(-1);
- }
-
- /* get the page size with "getpagesize" and calculate pageshift from it */
- pagesize = getpagesize();
- pageshift = 0;
- while (pagesize > 1)
- {
- pageshift++;
- pagesize >>= 1;
- }
-
- /* we only need the amount of log(2)1024 for our conversion */
- pageshift -= LOG1024;
-
- /* fill in the statics information */
- statics->procstate_names = procstatenames;
- statics->cpustate_names = cpustatenames;
- statics->memory_names = memorynames;
-
- /* all done! */
- return(0);
- }
-
- char *format_header(uname_field)
-
- register char *uname_field;
-
- {
- register char *ptr;
-
- ptr = header + UNAME_START;
- while (*uname_field != '\0')
- {
- *ptr++ = *uname_field++;
- }
-
- return(header);
- }
-
- get_system_info(si)
-
- struct system_info *si;
-
- {
- load_avg avenrun[3];
- long total;
-
- /* get the cp_time array */
- (void) getkval(cp_time_offset, (int *)cp_time, sizeof(cp_time),
- "_cp_time");
-
- /* get load average array */
- (void) getkval(avenrun_offset, (int *)avenrun, sizeof(avenrun),
- "_avenrun");
-
- /* get mpid -- process id of last process */
- (void) getkval(mpid_offset, &(si->last_pid), sizeof(si->last_pid),
- "_mpid");
-
- /* convert load averages to doubles */
- {
- register int i;
- register double *infoloadp;
- register load_avg *sysloadp;
-
- infoloadp = si->load_avg;
- sysloadp = avenrun;
- for (i = 0; i < 3; i++)
- {
- *infoloadp++ = loaddouble(*sysloadp++);
- }
- }
-
- /* convert cp_time counts to percentages */
- total = percentages(CPUSTATES, cpu_states, cp_time, cp_old, cp_diff);
-
- /* sum memory statistics */
- {
- struct vmtotal total;
-
- /* get total -- systemwide main memory usage structure */
- (void) getkval(total_offset, (int *)(&total), sizeof(total),
- "_total");
- /* convert memory stats to Kbytes */
- memory_stats[0] = -1;
- memory_stats[1] = pagetok(total.t_arm);
- memory_stats[2] = pagetok(total.t_rm);
- memory_stats[3] = -1;
- memory_stats[4] = pagetok(total.t_avm);
- memory_stats[5] = pagetok(total.t_vm);
- memory_stats[6] = -1;
- memory_stats[7] = pagetok(total.t_free);
- }
-
- /* set arrays and strings */
- si->cpustates = cpu_states;
- si->memory = memory_stats;
- }
-
- static struct handle handle;
-
- caddr_t get_process_info(si, sel, compare)
-
- struct system_info *si;
- struct process_select *sel;
- int (*compare)();
-
- {
- register int i;
- register int total_procs;
- register int active_procs;
- register struct proc **prefp;
- register struct proc *pp;
-
- /* these are copied out of sel for speed */
- int show_idle;
- int show_system;
- int show_uid;
- int show_command;
-
- /* read all the proc structures in one fell swoop */
- (void) getkval(proc, (int *)pbase, bytes, "proc array");
-
- /* get a pointer to the states summary array */
- si->procstates = process_states;
-
- /* set up flags which define what we are going to select */
- show_idle = sel->idle;
- show_system = sel->system;
- show_uid = sel->uid != -1;
- show_command = sel->command != NULL;
-
- /* count up process states and get pointers to interesting procs */
- total_procs = 0;
- active_procs = 0;
- memset((char *)process_states, 0, sizeof(process_states));
- prefp = pref;
- for (pp = pbase, i = 0; i < nproc; pp++, i++)
- {
- /*
- * Place pointers to each valid proc structure in pref[].
- * Process slots that are actually in use have a non-zero
- * status field. Processes with SSYS set are system
- * processes---these get ignored unless show_sysprocs is set.
- */
- if (pp->p_stat != 0 &&
- (show_system || ((pp->p_flag & SSYS) == 0)))
- {
- total_procs++;
- process_states[pp->p_stat]++;
- if ((pp->p_stat != SZOMB) &&
- (show_idle || (pp->p_pctcpu != 0) || (pp->p_stat == SRUN)) &&
- (!show_uid || pp->p_uid == (uid_t)sel->uid))
- {
- *prefp++ = pp;
- active_procs++;
- }
- }
- }
-
- /* if requested, sort the "interesting" processes */
- if (compare != NULL)
- {
- qsort((char *)pref, active_procs, sizeof(struct proc *), compare);
- }
-
- /* remember active and total counts */
- si->p_total = total_procs;
- si->p_active = pref_len = active_procs;
-
- /* pass back a handle */
- handle.next_proc = pref;
- handle.remaining = active_procs;
- return((caddr_t)&handle);
- }
-
- char fmt[MAX_COLS]; /* static area where result is built */
-
- char *format_next_process(handle, get_userid)
-
- caddr_t handle;
- char *(*get_userid)();
-
- {
- register struct proc *pp;
- register long cputime;
- register double pct;
- int where;
- struct user u;
- struct handle *hp;
-
- /* find and remember the next proc structure */
- hp = (struct handle *)handle;
- pp = *(hp->next_proc++);
- hp->remaining--;
-
-
- /* get the process's user struct and set cputime */
- where = getu(pp, &u);
- if (where == -1)
- {
- (void) strcpy(u.u_comm, "<swapped>");
- cputime = 0;
- }
- else
- {
-
-
- /* set u_comm for system processes */
- if (u.u_comm[0] == '\0')
- {
- if (pp->p_pid == 0)
- {
- (void) strcpy(u.u_comm, "Swapper");
- }
- else if (pp->p_pid == 2)
- {
- (void) strcpy(u.u_comm, "Pager");
- }
- }
- if (where == 1) {
- /*
- * Print swapped processes as <pname>
- */
- char buf[sizeof(u.u_comm)];
- (void) strncpy(buf, u.u_comm, sizeof(u.u_comm));
- u.u_comm[0] = '<';
- (void) strncpy(&u.u_comm[1], buf, sizeof(u.u_comm) - 2);
- u.u_comm[sizeof(u.u_comm) - 2] = '\0';
- (void) strncat(u.u_comm, ">", sizeof(u.u_comm) - 1);
- u.u_comm[sizeof(u.u_comm) - 1] = '\0';
- }
-
- cputime = u.u_ru.ru_utime.tv_sec + u.u_ru.ru_stime.tv_sec;
- }
-
- /* calculate the base for cpu percentages */
- pct = pctdouble(pp->p_pctcpu);
-
- /* format this entry */
- sprintf(fmt,
- Proc_format,
- pp->p_pid,
- (*get_userid)(pp->p_uid),
- pp->p_pri - PZERO,
- pp->p_nice - NZERO,
- format_k(pagetok(PROCSIZE(pp))),
- format_k(pagetok(pp->p_rssize)),
- state_abbrev[pp->p_stat],
- format_time(cputime),
- 100.0 * weighted_cpu(pct, pp),
- 100.0 * pct,
- printable(u.u_comm));
-
- /* return the result */
- return(fmt);
- }
-
- /*
- * getu(p, u) - get the user structure for the process whose proc structure
- * is pointed to by p. The user structure is put in the buffer pointed
- * to by u. Return 0 if successful, -1 on failure (such as the process
- * being swapped out).
- */
-
- #ifdef ibm032
- static struct alignuser {
- char userfill[UPAGES*NBPG-sizeof (struct user)];
- struct user user;
- } au;
- # define USERSIZE sizeof(struct alignuser)
- # define GETUSER(b) (&au)
- # define SETUSER(b) *(b) = au.user
- #else
- # define USERSIZE sizeof(struct user)
- # define GETUSER(b) (b)
- # define SETUSER(b) /* Nothing */
- #endif
-
- getu(p, u)
-
- register struct proc *p;
- struct user *u;
-
- {
- struct pte uptes[UPAGES];
- register caddr_t upage;
- register struct pte *pte;
- register nbytes, n;
-
- /*
- * Check if the process is currently loaded or swapped out. The way we
- * get the u area is totally different for the two cases. For this
- * application, we just don't bother if the process is swapped out.
- */
- if ((p->p_flag & SLOAD) == 0) {
- #ifdef DOSWAP
- if (lseek(swap, (long)dtob(p->p_swaddr), 0) == -1) {
- perror("lseek(swap)");
- return(-1);
- }
- if (read(swap, (char *) GETUSER(u), USERSIZE) != USERSIZE) {
- perror("read(swap)");
- return(-1);
- }
- SETUSER(u);
- return (1);
- #else
- return(-1);
- #endif
- }
-
- /*
- * Process is currently in memory, we hope!
- */
- if (!getkval((unsigned long)p->p_addr, (int *)uptes, sizeof(uptes),
- "!p->p_addr"))
- {
- #ifdef DEBUG
- perror("getkval(uptes)");
- #endif
- /* we can't seem to get to it, so pretend it's swapped out */
- return(-1);
- }
- upage = (caddr_t) GETUSER(u);
- pte = uptes;
- for (nbytes = USERSIZE; nbytes > 0; nbytes -= NBPG) {
- (void) lseek(mem, (long)(pte++->pg_pfnum * NBPG), 0);
- #ifdef DEBUG
- perror("lseek(mem)");
- #endif
- n = MIN(nbytes, NBPG);
- if (read(mem, upage, n) != n) {
- #ifdef DEBUG
- perror("read(mem)");
- #endif
- /* we can't seem to get to it, so pretend it's swapped out */
- return(-1);
- }
- upage += n;
- }
- SETUSER(u);
- return(0);
- }
-
- /*
- * check_nlist(nlst) - checks the nlist to see if any symbols were not
- * found. For every symbol that was not found, a one-line
- * message is printed to stderr. The routine returns the
- * number of symbols NOT found.
- */
-
- int check_nlist(nlst)
-
- register struct nlist *nlst;
-
- {
- register int i;
-
- /* check to see if we got ALL the symbols we requested */
- /* this will write one line to stderr for every symbol not found */
-
- i = 0;
- while (nlst->n_name != NULL)
- {
- if (nlst->n_type == 0)
- {
- /* this one wasn't found */
- fprintf(stderr, "kernel: no symbol named `%s'\n", nlst->n_name);
- i = 1;
- }
- nlst++;
- }
-
- return(i);
- }
-
-
- /*
- * getkval(offset, ptr, size, refstr) - get a value out of the kernel.
- * "offset" is the byte offset into the kernel for the desired value,
- * "ptr" points to a buffer into which the value is retrieved,
- * "size" is the size of the buffer (and the object to retrieve),
- * "refstr" is a reference string used when printing error meessages,
- * if "refstr" starts with a '!', then a failure on read will not
- * be fatal (this may seem like a silly way to do things, but I
- * really didn't want the overhead of another argument).
- *
- */
-
- getkval(offset, ptr, size, refstr)
-
- unsigned long offset;
- int *ptr;
- int size;
- char *refstr;
-
- {
- if (lseek(kmem, (long)offset, L_SET) == -1) {
- if (*refstr == '!')
- refstr++;
- (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: lseek to %s: %s\n", KMEM,
- refstr, strerror(errno));
- quit(23);
- }
- if (read(kmem, (char *) ptr, size) == -1) {
- if (*refstr == '!')
- return(0);
- else {
- (void) fprintf(stderr, "%s: reading %s: %s\n", KMEM,
- refstr, strerror(errno));
- quit(23);
- }
- }
- return(1);
- }
-
- /* comparison routine for qsort */
-
- /*
- * proc_compare - comparison function for "qsort"
- * Compares the resource consumption of two processes using five
- * distinct keys. The keys (in descending order of importance) are:
- * percent cpu, cpu ticks, state, resident set size, total virtual
- * memory usage. The process states are ordered as follows (from least
- * to most important): WAIT, zombie, sleep, stop, start, run. The
- * array declaration below maps a process state index into a number
- * that reflects this ordering.
- */
-
- static unsigned char sorted_state[] =
- {
- 0, /* not used */
- 3, /* sleep */
- 1, /* ABANDONED (WAIT) */
- 6, /* run */
- 5, /* start */
- 2, /* zombie */
- 4 /* stop */
- };
-
- proc_compare(pp1, pp2)
-
- struct proc **pp1;
- struct proc **pp2;
-
- {
- register struct proc *p1;
- register struct proc *p2;
- register int result;
- register pctcpu lresult;
-
- /* remove one level of indirection */
- p1 = *pp1;
- p2 = *pp2;
-
- /* compare percent cpu (pctcpu) */
- if ((lresult = p2->p_pctcpu - p1->p_pctcpu) == 0)
- {
- /* use cpticks to break the tie */
- if ((result = p2->p_cpticks - p1->p_cpticks) == 0)
- {
- /* use process state to break the tie */
- if ((result = sorted_state[p2->p_stat] -
- sorted_state[p1->p_stat]) == 0)
- {
- /* use priority to break the tie */
- if ((result = p2->p_pri - p1->p_pri) == 0)
- {
- /* use resident set size (rssize) to break the tie */
- if ((result = p2->p_rssize - p1->p_rssize) == 0)
- {
- /* use total memory to break the tie */
- result = PROCSIZE(p2) - PROCSIZE(p1);
- }
- }
- }
- }
- }
- else
- {
- result = lresult < 0 ? -1 : 1;
- }
-
- return(result);
- }
-
- /*
- * proc_owner(pid) - returns the uid that owns process "pid", or -1 if
- * the process does not exist.
- * It is EXTREMLY IMPORTANT that this function work correctly.
- * If top runs setuid root (as in SVR4), then this function
- * is the only thing that stands in the way of a serious
- * security problem. It validates requests for the "kill"
- * and "renice" commands.
- */
-
- int proc_owner(pid)
-
- int pid;
-
- {
- register int cnt;
- register struct proc **prefp;
- register struct proc *pp;
-
- prefp = pref;
- cnt = pref_len;
- while (--cnt >= 0)
- {
- if ((pp = *prefp++)->p_pid == (pid_t)pid)
- {
- return((int)pp->p_uid);
- }
- }
- return(-1);
- }
-