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- _T_e_s_t _f_o_r _E_q_u_a_l _o_r _G_i_v_e_n _P_r_o_p_o_r_t_i_o_n_s
-
- prop.test(x, n, p = NULL, alternative = "two.sided",
- conf.level = 0.95, correct = TRUE)
-
- _A_r_g_u_m_e_n_t_s:
-
- x, n : vectors of counts of successes and trials,
- respectively. Only pairs with finite values
- are used. The elements of x must be nonnega-
- tive and not greater than the corresponding
- elements of n which must be positive. All
- elements should be integers.
-
- p : a vector of probabilities of success. p must
- have the same length as x and n, and its ele-
- ments must be greater than 0 and less than 1.
-
- alternative : indicates the alternative hypothesis and must
- be one of "two.sided", "greater" or "less".
- You can specify just the initial letter.
- Only used for testing the null that a single
- proportion equals a given value, or that two
- proportions are equal; ignored otherwise.
-
- conf.level : confidence level of the returned confidence
- interval. Must be a single number between 0
- and 1. Only used when testing the null that
- a single proportion equals a given value, or
- that two proportions are equal; ignored oth-
- erwise.
-
- correct : a logical indicating whether Yates' con-
- tinuity correction should be applied.
-
- _D_e_s_c_r_i_p_t_i_o_n:
-
- prop.test can be used for testing the null that the
- proportions (probabilities of success) in several
- groups are the same, or that they equal certain given
- values.
-
- If p is NULL and there is more than one group, the null
- tested is that the proportions in each group are the
- same. If there are two groups, the alternatives are
- that the probability of success in the first group is
- less than, not equal to, or greater than the probabil-
- ity of success in the second group, as specified by
- alternative. A confidence interval for the difference
- of proportions with confidence level as specified by
- conf.level and clipped to [-1,1] is returned. Con-
- tinuity correction is used only if it does not exceed
- the difference of the sample proportions in absolute
- value. Otherwise, if there are more than 2 groups, the
- alternative is always "two.sided", the returned confi-
- dence interval is NULL, and continuity correction is
- never used.
-
- If there is only one group, then the null tested is
- that the underlying probability of success is p, or .5
- if p is not given. The alternative is that the proba-
- bility of success if less than, not equal to, or
- greater than p or 0.5, respectively, as specified by
- alternative. A confidence interval for the underlying
- proportion with confidence level as specified by
- conf.level and clipped to [0,1] is returned. Con-
- tinuity correction is used only if it does not exceed
- the difference between sample and null proportions in
- absolute value.
-
- Finally, if p is given and there are more than 2
- groups, the null tested is that the underlying proba-
- bilities of success are those given by p. The alterna-
- tive is always "two.sided", the returned confidence
- interval is NULL, and continuity correction is never
- used.
-
-