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- From: revu@ellis.uchicago.edu (Sendhil Revuluri)
- Subject: Physics News Update #102 (11/10)
- Message-ID: <1992Nov13.062926.1332@midway.uchicago.edu>
- Summary: Latest Physics News UpdateSummary:
- Keywords: physics news interesting banana
- Sender: news@uchinews.uchicago.edu (News System)
- Reply-To: revu@midway.uchicago.edu
- Organization: University of Chicago
- Date: Fri, 13 Nov 1992 06:29:26 GMT
- Lines: 82
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- This is a "Physics News Update" distributed by Phillip Schewe of AIP
- Public Information. For those who want to receive PNUPs via email,
- mail pfs2@aip.org with your address and you will be added to the
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-
- I am redistributing this with Mr. Schewe's permission. Complaints or
- suggestions about the Updates should go to him at pfs@aip.org.
-
- Sendhil Revuluri (s-revuluri@uchicago.edu)
- University of Chicago
-
- **********************************************************************
-
- PHYSICS NEWS UPDATE
- A digest of physics news items prepared by Phillip F. Schewe, AIP
- Public Information
- Number 102 November 10, 1992
-
- CRYSTALLIZED STARS. Scientists have previously thought that
- as white dwarf stars assumed their final repose, a wave of
- crystallization would propagate outward from the interior, freezing
- nuclei into a lattice. Gilles Chabrier (Ecole Normale Superieure
- de Lyon, France), Neal W. Ashcroft (Cornell), and Hugh E.
- DeWitt (Livermore) believe that such an ensemble of particles
- cannot be treated classically (as was the case) but must be
- considered as a quantum liquid freezing into a quantum solid.
- The result of their re-evaluation would be to lower the freezing
- temperature of heavier white dwarfs and to slow their cooling and
- evolution. This in turn would have implications for studies of the
- galactic disk and halo. (Nature, 5 Nov. 1992.)
-
- DID A METEOR KILL THE DINOSAURS? A new study
- provides additional support for the idea that a buried impact basin
- on the Yucatan peninsula was the site of an impact that was fatal
- to many life forms at the (KT) boundary between the Cretaceous
- and Tertiary periods 65 million years ago. Scientists from the
- Lunar and Planetary Institute (Houston), the U.S. Geological
- Survey (Menlo Park, CA), and Geophysical Institute (Mexico City)
- report new studies of melted rock, showing that the levels of
- iridium and the ratios of argon isotopes at the Yucatan crater
- agree with those of KT samples from around the world. (Nature,
- 29 Oct. 1992.) In contrast, other scientists, such as Charles Officer
- of Dartmouth, continue to assert that an impact may not have
- been the culprit and that instead certain artifacts, such as
- anomalous iridium, could be produced in volcanic eruptions.
- (Science News, 7 Nov. 1992.)
-
- SUPERMASSIVE BLACK HOLES probably exist, but
- astronomers won't be convinced merely by the impressive increase
- in luminosity of starlight toward the center of certain galaxies.
- According to Alan Dressler of the Carnegie Institution, conclusive
- evidence for black holes would come from the spectroscopic study
- of the movement of stars in the vicinity of the hole. The necessary
- high resolution may come with a rejuvenated Hubble Space
- Telescope or with the new optical telescopes being built atop
- Mauna Kea. Based on preliminary studies of star motion, the
- galaxies most likely to be harboring supermassive black holes are
- Andromeda, its satellite galaxy M32, and NGC3115 (whose
- candidate black hole would have a mass of more than a billion
- solar masses). In the long run, it may be easier to hunt for black
- holes in relatively placid galaxies like these, where the lack of the
- energy glare associated with active galaxies can only make easier
- the task of viewing star motion near the galactic core. As for our
- own presumed resident black hole, studies of the Milky Way's
- central precinct are hindered by viewing problem of another sort,
- namely the presence of dust. Nevertheless, indirect measurements
- of star motion are consistent with the idea of a black hole at the
- galactic core. (Science News, 31 Oct. 1992.)
-
- LARGE PARTICLE PHYSICS COLLABORATIONS, particularly
- as they function as administrative and sociological organizations,
- are the subject of a new report issued by AIP. All the symptoms
- that characterize big science are to be found here: increasing
- paperwork, the importance of the national labs, mountains of data,
- and PhD's ten years in the making, etc. (For more information
- contact Joel Genuth at AIP: 212-661-9404.)
-
- **********************************************************************
-
- Sendhil Revuluri (s-revuluri@uchicago.edu)
-