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- From: dy@shire.math.columbia.edu (Deane Yang)
- Subject: Re: Covariant vs. Lie Derivative in Gen. Rel.?
- References: <1992Nov10.173224.6690@vision.ummed.edu> <1992Nov11.062853.22717@galois.mit.edu> <1drukoINN801@darkstar.UCSC.EDU>
- Sender: nobody@ctr.columbia.edu
- Organization: Mathematics Department, Columbia University
- Date: Wed, 11 Nov 1992 22:55:12 GMT
- Message-ID: <1992Nov11.225512.19729@sol.ctr.columbia.edu>
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- In article <1drukoINN801@darkstar.UCSC.EDU> ask@ucscb.UCSC.EDU (Andrew Stanford Klingler) writes:
-
- >JB:
- >
- >>
- >>To repeat: The connection allows you to compare tangent vectors at two
- >>points of the manifold given only a curve connecting them; the Lie
- >>derivative requires a whole vector field, to generate a flow that "drags
- >>tensors along".
- >>
- >The distinction you're making sounds kind of phony; after all one can
- >define a connection using a vector field or a field of one-forms (I may
- >be limiting myself to principal fiber bundles here). It seems like the
- >flow is just buried in the structure for a connection (in some sense a
- >connection gets you "more than a flow" - the local family of geodesics
- >through a point). Without a connection, you have no way to compare vectors
- >at two different points, so you have to transport tensors out, then back
- >to the same point and compare them there. With a connection, you have
- >"flow in every direction" (geodesics thru the point) so parallel transport
- >vectors from a point to any other point and compare them there. From this
- >point of view Lie derivatives and covariant derivatives represent the
- >same geometric thing, I think. Am I way wrong here?
- >
- >
-
- Jon Baez, I hope, will have a more complete explanation, but yes
- you're way off here. The covariant derivative and the Lie derivative
- are very different things.
-
- For one thing, a connection is something that can live in any
- vector or principal bundle, whereas the Lie derivative is
- only well defined for bundles associated to the tangent bundle.
-
- Secondly, the connection is an additional structure that one
- imposes on a bundle; the Lie derivative depends only on
- the smooth structure on the manifold.
-
- The easiest thing to do is to ponder this: On a tangent bundle
- with a torsion free connection (like the Levi-Civita connection
- of a Riemannian metric),
- The Lie derivative of a vector field W with respect to a vector
- field V is
-
- L_V W = [V,W] = D_V W - D_W V,
-
- where L denotes Lie derivative and D denotes covariant derivative.
-
- Addressing your discussion a little more directly, the point is
- that whereas a connection allows you to parallel translate a
- single vector from one point to another, if you have a global
- vector field, you can't transport vectors between two arbitrary
- points, but you can transport it between two points that lie
- on the same integral curve of the vector field. In other words,
- you can push forward a second vector field using the 1-parameter
- flow of diffeomorphisms induced by the first vector field.
- The Lie derivative is defined using this means of transporting
- vectors.
-
-