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- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU!Sunburn.Stanford.EDU!pratt
- From: pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU (Vaughan R. Pratt)
- Subject: Re: Mercator Projection
- Message-ID: <1992Nov10.043805.24283@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: news@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU
- Organization: Computer Science Department, Stanford University.
- References: <a34uTB4w165w@netlink.cts.com> <israel.721212129@unixg.ubc.ca> <1992Nov10.024331.10080@galois.mit.edu>
- Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 04:38:05 GMT
- Lines: 26
-
- In article <1992Nov10.024331.10080@galois.mit.edu> jbaez@riesz.mit.edu (John C. Baez) writes:
- >Hmm, maybe I'm confused. Let t be the angle from the equator
- >(latitude) and x the distance from the equator on the Mercator
- >projection. (The Mercator projection projects draws a line from the center
- >of the earth through the surface of the earth and then to an imaginary
- >cylinder running north-south into which the earth fits snugly, right?)
- >Then x = sec t. But if you want to know the amount by which linear
- >dimensions are multiplied *right at latitude t* you need dx/dt = sec^2
- >t. Areas would then go as sec^4 t. (Here you need to note that
- >east-west lengths are getting scaled the same way as north-south
- >lengths, i.e. that the Mercator projection is conformal.)
-
- No projection matches this description. The horizontal dimension
- necessarily scales as sec(t). The vertical dimension of the projection
- you describe (globe center through point onto cylinder, as described
- for example by the Encyclopedia Britannica) scales as sec^2(t) as you
- say, but for a net area of sec^3(t). The real Mercator projection
- scales vertically by sec(t) *in order* to be conformal. As previous
- posters have pointed out, the Mercator projection is the unique
- conformal projection with straight meridians; equivalently the unique
- projection sending rhumb lines (lines of constant bearing) to straight
- lines of the corresponding slope.
-
- Sec^4(t) would make Greenland look 20 times bigger than South America!
- --
- Vaughan Pratt
-