home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!snorkelwacker.mit.edu!galois!riesz!jbaez
- From: jbaez@riesz.mit.edu (John C. Baez)
- Subject: Re: Mercator Projection
- Message-ID: <1992Nov10.031043.10315@galois.mit.edu>
- Sender: news@galois.mit.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: riesz
- Organization: MIT Department of Mathematics, Cambridge, MA
- References: <a34uTB4w165w@netlink.cts.com> <israel.721212129@unixg.ubc.ca> <1992Nov8.214329.27209@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU>
- Date: Tue, 10 Nov 92 03:10:43 GMT
- Lines: 38
-
- In article <1992Nov8.214329.27209@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU> pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU (Vaughan R. Pratt) writes:
- >In article <israel.721212129@unixg.ubc.ca> israel@unixg.ubc.ca (Robert B. Israel) writes:
- >>In <a34uTB4w165w@netlink.cts.com> kfree@netlink.cts.com (Kenneth Freeman) writes:
- >>
- >>>My Mercator projection goes 'up' to only 84 degrees, ~the northern
- >>>tip of the classically huge Greenland. I'd like to know three things.
- >>>1) For a given area, what is its apparent increase in size for a
- >>>given latitude? I.e., what is the rate of increase the closer you
- >>>get a pole (and infinity)?
- >>
- >>At latitude t, linear dimensions are multiplied by sec(t), so areas are
- >>multiplied by sec^2(t).
- >
- >Turns out if you try to calculate this using the 1986 Encyclopedia
- >Britannica you get sec^3(t). The reason is that EB defines the
- >Mercator Projection to be the result of projecting the globe from its
- >center onto the cylinder tangent to the equator. If this were true the
- >vertical direction would scale not by sec(t) but by the derivative of
- >tan(t), namely sec^2(t).
-
- Okay, great, so I'm not utterly out of it. But if lengths scale by
- sec^2(t) then areas scale by sec^4(t), not sec^3(t) -- by conformality,
- as you note.
-
- >1. What is the weakest condition required in addition to conformality
- >to uniquely determine the Mercator projection up to dilatation?
-
- This is a nice question. Given two conformal maps from the sphere with
- north and south pole removed to the cylinder, we can compose one with the
- inverse of the other to get a conformal map from the sphere minus 2
- points to itself. What are the choices? I just see a 2-parameter group
- of these, a subgroup of SU(1,1) (which acts as conformal transformations
- of S^2) - but could there be more that don't extend to S^2? Over in
- "Mercator projection space" (= the cylinder) this 2-parameter group
- corresponds to north-south translations and east-west rotations. No
- dilations arise in my way of formulating the problem because I am taking
- the range of the Mercator projection to be the cylinder, which admits no
- dilations.
-