home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.geo.meteorology
- Path: sparky!uunet!destroyer!ncar!kiowa.scd.ucar.edu!ilana
- From: ilana@kiowa.scd.ucar.edu (Ilana Stern)
- Subject: Re: Spatial variation of atmospheric composition
- Message-ID: <1992Nov10.185716.11529@ncar.ucar.edu>
- Sender: news@ncar.ucar.edu (USENET Maintenance)
- Organization: NCAR/UCAR
- References: <BxI8y8.2D8@news.cso.uiuc.edu>
- Date: Tue, 10 Nov 1992 18:57:16 GMT
- Lines: 54
-
- In article <BxI8y8.2D8@news.cso.uiuc.edu>, ritley@uimrl7.mrl.uiuc.edu () writes:
- >
- > Apologies for this question....I'm not a climatologist, just curious.
- >
- > There have been many reports in the popular press regarding the
- > build-up of CO2, pollution, and other greenhouse-type gases.
- > Additionally, it has been reported that it is "possible" to detect
- > an "ozone hole".
- >
- > Is it possible to detect, or has anyone ever detected, a spatial
- > variation in the levels of constituent atmospheric gases (such as oxygen
- > and nitrogen)? For example, is there more oxygen in the
- > southern hemisphere?
- >
- > The so-called "ozone hole", as I understand it, is a region at high
- > altitudes depleted in ozone. Do large-scale spatial variations in the
- > composition of the atmosphere only occur at high altitude?
- > I can easily imagine that small-scale variations exist
- > (for example, that Los Angeles in August might be
- > a little CO2-rich), but I am curious about the larger-scale
- > differences which might depend on wind, etc.
- > (more oxygen in Brazil than in the Sahara).
-
- Well, to give you a trivial example, humidity (water vapor) has large-
- scale spatial variations in the boundary layer. (The boundary layer
- is meteo-speak for the atmospheric layer relatively near the earth's
- surface.) The water vapor content of the air over Utah, for example,
- is likely to be very different from that over Louisiana.
-
- Some gases are well-mixed in the atmosphere, some aren't. If you
- think about it for a moment, you will see that this depends a great
- deal on the relative time scales of mixing processes such as winds and
- storms (which vertically mix atmospheric constituents) versus creation/
- destruction processes, such as condensation (in the case of water vapor)
- or photochemical processes (in the case of ozone).
-
- Ozone is an interesting case. Assuming that the destructants of ozone
- are uniformly distributed, you ought to have a uniform distribution of
- ozone if formation/destruction were purely chemical. But ozone chemistry
- is photochemistry (dependent on light), so there is a gradient from
- poles to equator. Finally, the dynamics of the polar vortex introduce
- another factor which isn't present elsewhere, so you have the "ozone
- hole" at the south pole (and somewhat less strongly at the north pole).
- The point is, that all that large-scale spatial variations of any
- gas means, is that the ratio of creation/destruction processes to
- distributive processes isn't uniform.
-
- This is not meant to be a comprehensive dissertation on atmospheric
- constituents, just an answer to the question posed.
-
- --
- /\ There may be honor among thieves, but there's none among politicians.
- \_][ <--NCAR Ilana Stern dod#009 r.b. cliff swallow ilana@ncar.ucar.edu
- \______________________________________________________________________
-