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- From: whit@carson.u.washington.edu (John Whitmore)
- Newsgroups: sci.electronics
- Subject: Re: Heat conduction vs. electron conduction?
- Message-ID: <1992Nov14.004244.8542@u.washington.edu>
- Date: 14 Nov 92 00:42:44 GMT
- Article-I.D.: u.1992Nov14.004244.8542
- References: <1992Nov10.180223.25291@galileo.cc.rochester.edu>
- Sender: news@u.washington.edu (USENET News System)
- Organization: University of Washington, Seattle
- Lines: 32
-
- In article <1992Nov10.180223.25291@galileo.cc.rochester.edu> mh001b@uhura.cc.rochester.edu (Matthew W. Hacker) writes:
-
- >Are there any substances that conduct electricity well, but
- >conduct heat poorly? This sort of material would be pretty
- >well suited [to thermocouple design...]
-
- Metals are good heat conductors because the electrons pick up
- heat at one end, diffuse quickly through the metal, and dump the heat
- wherever they interact with the colder metal elsewhere.
-
- Superconductors conduct electricity well, but (because
- the electrons are not interacting with the lattice) are very poor
- heat conductors. It is indeed unfortunate that the temperature
- range over which superconductors operate is so limited...
-
- The next best candidate is semiconductors: one can
- create the charge carriers at some doped region, and send 'em
- across an intrinsic (non-conducting) zone, while no large
- population of free electrons exists except for the minimum
- number of charge carriers for the applied current. For this
- reason, practical thermoelectric coolers are usually made with
- semiconductors (one other reason is the large Seebeck coefficients
- that are available).
-
- Another quaint property of semiconductors is the non-metallic
- nature of the atomic bonds; semiconductors are not ductile,
- and cannot be made into flexible wire. For thermocouples
- used to measure temperature, one generally just uses a very long
- length of the wire, to try to minimize the heat flux through the
- measuring instrument, and the errors this introduces.
-
- John Whitmore
-