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- Newsgroups: misc.writing
- Path: sparky!uunet!charon.amdahl.com!pacbell.com!decwrl!spool.mu.edu!agate!rsoft!mindlink!a710
- From: Crawford_Kilian@mindlink.bc.ca (Crawford Kilian)
- Subject: Fiction Advice 14: Dialogue
- Organization: MIND LINK! - British Columbia, Canada
- Date: Fri, 6 Nov 1992 04:32:06 GMT
- Message-ID: <17184@mindlink.bc.ca>
- Sender: news@deep.rsoft.bc.ca (Usenet)
- Lines: 117
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- "Let's Talk About Dialogue," He Pontificated
-
- Dialogue has to sound like speech, but it can't be a mere transcript; most
- people don't speak precisely or concisely enough to serve the writer's needs.
- Good dialogue has several functions:
-
- *To convey exposition: to tell us, through the conversations of the
- characters, what we need to know to make sense of the story.
-
- *To convey character: to show us what kinds of people we're dealing with.
-
- *To convey a sense of place and time: to evoke the speech patterns,
- vocabulary and rhythms of specific kinds of people.
-
- *To develop conflict: to show how some people use language to dominate
- others, or fail to do so.
-
- Each of these functions has its hazards. Expository dialogue can be dreadful:
-
- "We'll be in Vancouver in thirty minutes," the flight attendant said. "It's
- Canada's biggest west coast city, with a population of over a million in the
- metropolitan area."
-
- Dialogue can convey character, but the writer may bog down in chatter that
- doesn't advance the story.
-
- "When I was a kid," said Julie, "I had a stuffed bear named Julius. He was a
- sweet old thing, and whenever I was upset I'd howl for him." (Unless Julie is
- going to howl for Julius when her husband leaves her, this kind of remark is
- pointless.)
-
- Dialogue that conveys a specific place and time can become exaggerated and
- stereotyped:
-
- "Pretty hot ootside, eh?" remarked Sergeant Renfrew of the Royal Canadian
- Mounted Police. "Good day to get oot of the hoose and oot on the saltchuck,
- eh? Catch us a couple of skookum salmon, eh?"
-
- Dialogue that develops conflict has to do so while also conveying exposition,
- portraying character, and staying true to the time and place:
-
- "Gadzooks," said Sergeant Renfrew as he dismounted from his motorcycle.
- "Wouldst please present thy driver's licence and registration, madam?"
-
- "Eat hot lead, copper!" snarled Sister Mary Agnes as she drew the .45 from
- within her habit.
-
- Some Dialogue Hazards to Avoid:
-
- Too much faithfulness to speech: "Um, uh, y'know, geez, well, like, well."
-
- Unusual spellings: "Yeah," not "Yeh" or "Yea" or "Ya."
-
- Too much use of "he said," "she said."
-
- Too much variation: "he averred," "she riposted"
-
- Dialect exaggeration: "Lawsy, Miz Scahlut, us's wuhkin' jes' as fas' as us
- kin."
-
- Excessive direct address: "Tell me, Marshall, your opinion of Vanessa." "I
- hate her, Roger." "Why is that, Marshall?" "She bullies everyone, Roger."
-
- Some Dialogue Conventions to Consider:
-
- Each new speaker requires a new paragraph, properly indented and set off by
- quotation marks.
-
- "Use double quotations," the novelist ordered, "and remember to place commas
- and periods inside those quotation marks."
-
- "If a speaker goes on for more than one paragraph," the count responded in
- his heavy Transylvanian accent, "do not close off the quotation marks at the
- end of the first paragraph.
-
- "Simply place quotation marks at the beginning of the next paragraph, and
- carry on to the end of the quotation."
-
- Use "he said" expressions only when you must, to avoid confusion about who's
- speaking. You can signal increasing tension by moving from "he said" to "he
- snapped," to "he snarled," to "he bellowed furiously." But the dialogue
- itself should convey that changing mood, and make such comments needless.
-
- Action as well as speech is a part of dialogue. We expect to know when the
- speakers pause, where they're looking, what they're doing with their hands,
- how they respond to one another. The characters' speech becomes just one
- aspect of their interactions; sometimes their words are all we need, but
- sometimes we definitely need more. This is especially true when you're trying
- to convey a conflict between what your characters say and what they feel:
- their nonverbal messages are going to be far more reliable than their spoken
- words.
-
- Speak your dialogue out loud; if it doesn't sound natural, or contains
- unexpected rhymes and rhythms, revise it.
-
- Rely on rhythm and vocabulary, not phonetic spelling, to convey accent or
- dialect.
-
- If you are giving us your characters' exact unspoken thoughts, use italics.
- If you are paraphrasing those thoughts, use regular Roman type (I'm using
- asterisks to indicate italics):
-
- *Now what does she want?* he asked himself. *Isn't she ever satisfied?*
- Marshall wondered what she wanted now. She was never satisfied.
-
- If you plan to give us a long passage of inner monologue, however, consider
- the discomfort of having to read line after line of italic print. If you wish
- to emphasize a word in a line of italics, use Roman: *Isn't she* ever
- *satisfied?*
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-