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- From: S_JUFFA@iravcl.ira.uka.de (|S| Norbert Juffa)
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.intel
- Subject: Re: LOADALL and the 486
- Date: 11 Nov 1992 10:50:03 GMT
- Organization: University of Karlsruhe (FRG) - Informatik Rechnerabt.
- Lines: 52
- Distribution: world
- Message-ID: <1dqogrINNn71@iraul1.ira.uka.de>
- References: <1992Nov04.155003.25751@apricot.co.uk> <1992Nov9.115520.5893@fct.unl.pt> <veit.721473830@du9ds3>
- NNTP-Posting-Host: irav1.ira.uka.de
- X-News-Reader: VMS NEWS 1.23
- In-Reply-To: veit@du9ds3.uni-duisburg.de's message of 11 Nov 92 09:23:50 GMT
-
- In <veit.721473830@du9ds3> veit@du9ds3.uni-duisburg.de writes:
-
- > In <1992Nov9.115520.5893@fct.unl.pt> jpl@antares.fct.unl.pt (Joao Prospero Luis [ps]) writes:
- >
- > >Marcus Jenkins (marcusj@apricot.co.uk) wrote:
- > >: I know this may be an FAQ, but I am just a little confused. Is
- > >: LOADALL implemented in the 486? PC Magazine said that it is
- > >: in all processors from 2-486. It also said that Microsoft use
- > >: the instruction in HIMEM.SYS, SMARTDRV.SYS and RAMDRIVE.SYS in
- > >: MS-DOS. On the other hand, an instructor from Intel (while lecturing
- > >: on an i386/486 programming and architecture course) alleged that
- > >: LOADALL is only there on 286 and earlier steps of the 386. Does
- > >: anybody know the REAL answer? Is there commercial software out
- > >: there that does use this reserved instruction. This enquiry is
- > >: out of curiosity only - I have no intention of putting LOADALL
- > >: into any of my programs!
- >
- > > As far as I know (it isnt that much) LOADALL isnt implemented in
- > >the 386, but is simulated by some BIOSes. When it traps an invalid opcode
- >
- > Actually, LOADALL is two different instructions for 286 and 386.
- > It seems that at least the d0/d1 version of the 386DX has the LOADALL386
- > instruction. See /pub/pc/infos/loadall*.txt at ftp.uni-duisburg.de for
- > information on loadall286 and loadall386.
- > Many 386 BIOSes versions emulate the loadall286 instruction, because it
- > is used occasionally in some programs (HIMEM uses it, but only when a
- > 286 is detected; there is seperate code for 386 which is used if one is
- > detected. The loadall386 is by far not so well known.
- >
- > >it goes to check if it is a LOADALL, if it is it is simulated otherwise
- > >it does something else (in fact I think it tests some other invalid opcode
- > >first but I dont remember which). This was confirmed with my AMI BIOS.
- >
- > > JPL
- >
- > >--
-
- LOADALL286 is not only used by HIMEM, but by Microsoft's SMARTDRV and RAMDRIVE
- programs as well. Various DOS versions had provisions for use of LOADALL286 by
- not using the LOADALL parameter area at address 800h. If you want to know what
- other programs use LOADALL286, just check the code with a debugger (Turbo
- Debugger and CodeView will correctly disassemble the LOADALL286 opcode, 0F05h
- I think). LOADALL386 (opcode 0F07h ?) is not widely used. The German computer
- magazine c't carried an article about LOADALL386 some time ago, with sample source
- code how to use it. They claimed LOADALL386 was used by a Taiwanese VMM
- manager.
-
- Norbert
- -------------------------------------------------------------------------------
- Norbert Juffa email: S_JUFFA@IRAVCL.IRA.UKA.DE Live and let live!
-
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