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- From: hrubin@pop.stat.purdue.edu (Herman Rubin)
- Newsgroups: sci.math.stat
- Subject: Re: approx. of binomial dist., help needed
- Message-ID: <Bvt8Kp.70r@mentor.cc.purdue.edu>
- Date: 8 Oct 92 16:02:49 GMT
- References: <1992Oct7.025857.28031@news2.cis.umn.edu>
- Sender: news@mentor.cc.purdue.edu (USENET News)
- Distribution: all
- Organization: Purdue University Statistics Department
- Lines: 41
-
- In article <1992Oct7.025857.28031@news2.cis.umn.edu> lee@hecto.cs.umn.edu (YoungJun Lee) writes:
-
- > The stat. book I have just says that
- > "Binomial distribution with n trials and success probability p can be
- > approximated by possion distribution(when n is large, p is very small, and
- > np is of moderate magnitude" and normal distribution(when n is large and
- > p is not too near 0 or 1)"
-
- > What's large n ?
- > What's "the very small p" or "not too near 0 or 1"?
- > What's np of moderate magnitude ?
-
- > For instance, n = 1000 and p = 0.001, then is 1000 is large?,
- > is 0.001 is very small or not too near 0 ?
- > is np (1000 * 0.001 = 1) of moderate magnitude?
- > Should I approximate this by possion dist or normal ?
-
- > Would you please give me an idea when I should use possion/normal dist.
- > to approximate binomial distribution.
-
- There are some simple theorems about the accuracy, but these are conservative
- for some purposes. However, they are good guidelines.
-
- The error in the Poisson approximation to the binomial is bounded by np^2,
- where this is the sum of the absolute errors to the probabilities. This can
- be moderately improved for large variance. In your example above, this would
- make the error bound .001, and the actual error is about .000552.
-
- The error in the central limit theorem has two main terms; a multiple of
- the standardized third moment divided by the standard deviation, and a
- bounded expression divided by the variance. These expansions and error
- bounds can be found in the standard works. Since the variance is .999,
- this approximation will be quite poor.
-
- There are formulas to compute the binomial cdf by continued fractions
- from the probability of the endpoint.
- --
- Herman Rubin, Dept. of Statistics, Purdue Univ., West Lafayette IN47907-1399
- Phone: (317)494-6054
- hrubin@pop.stat.purdue.edu (Internet, bitnet)
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-