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- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU!Sunburn.Stanford.EDU!pratt
- From: pratt@Sunburn.Stanford.EDU (Vaughan R. Pratt)
- Subject: Re: Catalan NUmbers
- Message-ID: <1992Oct8.024654.20141@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU>
- Sender: news@CSD-NewsHost.Stanford.EDU
- Organization: Computer Science Department, Stanford University.
- References: <BvrFrn.53A@cs.columbia.edu> <BvrvJJ.HqG@cs.psu.edu>
- Date: Thu, 8 Oct 1992 02:46:54 GMT
- Lines: 32
-
- In article <BvrvJJ.HqG@cs.psu.edu> plu@math.psu.edu (Todd Andrew Simpson) writes:
- >This is described in Knuth's book, The Art of Computer Programming,
- >Volume I (which is where I found it). Another approach might be to
- >associate each of a set of C_n objects (there are lots of sets
- >enumerated by the C_n) with paths from (0,0) to (n,n) in such a way
- >that there are n+1 paths for each of the objects. I haven't seen such
- >a proof, though it'd be interesting since one would not need to know
- >_a priori_ that C(2n,n)/(n+1) was equal to C(2n,n)-C(2n,n-1).
-
- Well, I don't know whether C(2n,n)/(n+1) = (2n)!/(n!(n+1)!) =
- C(2n+1,n)/(2n+1) is any simpler than the algebra you wanted to avoid,
- but let's pretend it is. Now consider the C(2n+1,n) paths from (0,0)
- to (n+1,n), aka that many strings of n+1 X's and n Y's. Now all 2n+1
- rotations (cyclic shifts) of any such string must yield 2n+1 distinct
- strings, otherwise one of the 2n intermediate points along the
- corresponding path from (0,0) to (n+1,n) would have to lie on the
- diagonal (the straight line from (0,0) to (n+1,n)), impossible since
- only the endpoints of this diagonal lie on lattice points. It can be
- seen that exactly one of the 2n+1 paths corresponding to these
- rotations does not contain any point lying strictly above the
- diagonal. The string corresponding to that path must start with an X;
- delete that X to yield a balanced string (every prefix has at least as
- many X's as Y's). Conversely, prefixing a balanced string with an X
- yields such a path.
-
- (Heard this one from Knuth around 1971. I don't see it in Vol. I and
- I can't remember where it's written down.)
-
- --
- =================================================== In short, I am floundering
- Vaughan Pratt pratt@cs.Stanford.EDU 415-494-2545 around and don't take what
- =================================================== I say seriously.
-