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- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!leland.Stanford.EDU!leland.stanford.edu!zowie
- From: zowie@daedalus.stanford.edu (Craig "Powderkeg" DeForest)
- Subject: Re: Radioactive Cat: How Dangerous is She? <LONGISH>
- In-Reply-To: jgd@dixie.com's message of Tue, 08 Sep 92 00:25:14 GMT
- Message-ID: <ZOWIE.92Sep8014817@daedalus.stanford.edu>
- Sender: news@leland.Stanford.EDU (Mr News)
- Organization: Stanford Center for Space Science and Astrophysics
- References: <yfpnc!g.badboy@netcom.com> <hank.715808286@well.sf.ca.us>
- <67qnr=j@dixie.com>
- Date: 8 Sep 92 01:48:17
- Lines: 89
-
- In article <yfpnc!g.badboy@netcom.com>, Jay Keller writes:
- How much exposure to radiation will my family get after the cat comes
- back from the radioisotope treatment? I was told the cat would be
- hospitalized for a few days to allow the radiation to subside.
- But I have 2 small children and this is a very friendly cat...
-
- ...
-
- What questions should I ask of the radiologist?
-
- I got out my handy Chart of the Nuclides, and phoned up to the Reed Reactor
- Facility (portland, OR; (503) 777-7222) with a couple of health physics
- questions.
-
- The main radioiodine treatment I've seen is I-131 (for thyroid destruction).
- This is made by bombarding Tellurium with neutrons in a reactor, making
- Te-131, which beta-decays into I-131.
-
- As jfreter@triton.unm.edu said, I-131 is a beta emitter: it gives off
- high-energy electrons, turning into Xenon-131, a stable, inert
- species. (also emitting a gamma ray or three in the process.) John
- De Armond <jgd@dixie.com> said something about gammas and shielding of
- I-131 patients. The idea here is that the I-131 produces beta rays,
- fast-moving electrons. If you try to shield them with lead, they will
- be suddenly stopped (when they slam into the metal). Since the way to
- make photons is by shaking electric charges (eg in a radio antenna),
- they [the betas] will give off photons, in this case gamma rays, on
- impact. In general betas are absorbed by a few inches of air, or a
- few millimeters of plastic or wood, or a few tens of microns of metal.
-
- [Alpha particles are much heavier -- they are helium nucleii -- and much
- slower, for a given energy. They are typically stopped by a few inches
- of air, or a sheet of paper, or your epidermis. So long as you don't
- ingest an alpha emitter, you're fine -- but, with iodine, there aren't
- any alpha particles involved.]
-
- I-131 has a half-life of about eight days, so it would take 80 days
- for it to be reduced to 0.1% of its original activity level. The
- *biological* half-life (time to be removed from the body by normal
- metabolism; independent of isotope) of iodine is 138 days in humans,
- and probably somewhere near that for cats, so the radioactive decay is
- the important factor here, not feline metabolism.
-
- The long half-life means that, *IF* they are putting I-131 into your
- cat, you probably do not want it in your home for at least six weeks!
- (unless there's a rather low concentration in the cat...)
-
- There *are* several useful isotopes of iodine that could be used:
- I-130 through I-135 are all beta emitters, with reasonably short
- half-lives. I-130 lasts only 12 hours, for example. Any of these
- isotopes would allow you to hug your cat sooner.
-
- Jfreter pointed out that direct, whole-body exposure from your cat is
- probably going to be small. Ask your radiologist, but this is probably
- the case, since the idea is to concentrate the isotope in the cat's
- thyroid.
-
- One thing to consider is that, even after your cat isn't very
- radioactive, it's still a living being, metabolizing and excreting its
- radioidine. The stuff will be present mainly in its urine, and
- probably in its other excreta (feces, saliva, etc.). Radioiodine in
- your environment will be absorbed into *your* thyroid, presenting a
- much larger hazard [from contamination] than direct exposure from the
- cat. If the cat is to be in your house during this time, you might
- consider giving your family iodine tablets, to protect your own
- thyroids: by saturating your system with iodine, you prevent uptake of
- the unwanted radioiodine.
-
- Some important questions, then, for the radiologist are:
-
- * What isotope and dosage will my cat get? What is the half-life of the
- treatment?
-
- * What will the exposure rate be at the surface of the cat, after it's
- returned to the house? One foot away? Five feet away?
-
- * Will there be significant amounts of iodine released from the cat? Should
- my family take iodine tablets after the release of the cat?
-
- Please post and let us know what happens!
-
-
-
- --
- zowie@banneker.stanford.edu "Tell your senator to fund the MSSTA program!"
-
- The world would be much better if more physicists read Strunk and White,
- and if more fuzzies read Tipler. *Everyone* should read and understand
- at least one economics text. No exceptions. -- zowie
-