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- Comments: Gated by NETNEWS@AUVM.AMERICAN.EDU
- Path: sparky!uunet!paladin.american.edu!auvm!HASARA11.BITNET!A716HOX
- Message-ID: <STAT-L%92090907195568@VM1.MCGILL.CA>
- Newsgroups: bit.listserv.stat-l
- Date: Wed, 9 Sep 1992 12:03:54 CET
- Sender: "STATISTICAL CONSULTING" <STAT-L@MCGILL1.BITNET>
- From: Joop Hox <A716HOX@HASARA11.BITNET>
- Subject: likert scales
- Lines: 31
-
- Let me add that in Likert's original article he gave a rationale why his
- scaling method should work. Briefly, you assume that each item 'covers' a
- different part of a latent continuum, and that the distribution of scores
- on this continuum is normal. From the observed distributions for the items
- you work out which part of the latent continuum (which is defined as a Z-score)
- is covered, and from that you work out the scale values for the answer
- categories of each item. This is a nonlinear (monotone) transformation of the
- original category scores, and the transformed item scores are considere to
- form an interval scale. Next, all item scores are summated to a total score.
-
- Since this weighted summated score in practice
- correlates higher than 0.95 with the simple summated score, everybody now
- uses the simple summated score. Still, there is a psychometric theory behind
- all this which resembles the Thurstone scale. One obvious assumption is that
- all items measure one single underlying factor. Since the reliability
- coefficient alpha measures the common factor saturation some reliability
- analysis is often used in connection with Likert scales. If you do not scale
- the item scores, you cannot assume they are interval scores, and the sum score
- can be considered an interval score only by virtue of its close approximation
- of the more complex original Likert score.
-
- BTW, as summated score is a sufficient statistic for all the information in
- the item scores only if the Rasch model holds. Since I have never seen real
- data that totally support the Rasch model, I mention this only as a curious
- fact.
-
-
- Joop Hox
- University of Amsterdam
-
- (^_^)
-