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- Date: Sun, 6 Sep 1992 21:52:40 -0600
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- From: "William T. Powers" <POWERS_W%FLC@VAXF.COLORADO.EDU>
- Subject: control/influence discussion
- Lines: 107
-
- [From Bill Powers (920906.1900)]
-
- Greg Williams (920906 - 2) --
-
- If we can manage to boil down these long posts into some simple
- issues, we may finally get somewhere. I'll try to be brief.
-
- 1. I have said that control by disturbance is not important, doesn't
- matter, to the controllee. This is because this mode of control DOES
- NOT DISTURB ANYTHING THAT MATTERS TO THE CONTROLLEE, one way or the
- other (harming or helping). The effect of the disturbance on the
- controlled variable is canceled by the action that the controller
- perceives and controls. If taking these actions (changes in lower-
- order reference signals) produces side-effects in other higher-order
- control systems in the controllee, those side-effects are also
- cancelled. So there is no important effect on any controlled variable
- in the controllee. IF THESE CONDITIONS ARE NOT MET THEN THE CONTROLLEE
- WILL PUSH BACK AND THERE WILL BE CONFLICT.
-
- 2. Now, "don't-care" variables and perceptions. If a perception is
- truly a don't-care perception, then changing it causes no error of any
- kind in the controllee: the change neither violates a goal nor
- satisfies one. The controllee considers the result neither good nor
- bad, judgements which always take place relative to a reference level.
- If, however, the perception is an uncontrolled component of a
- successfully-controlled perception (the position of a mouse when a cat
- is chasing and catching it), then changing it (which is easy to do
- because it is not directly controlled by the other) will produce a
- disturbance of the controlled perception, and the effect of the
- disturbance (the mouse's relative position) will be canceled before it
- becomes significant, through altering the other components of the
- perception (the position of the cat, which the cat can control). This
- will entail changes of reference signals at lower levels, but not at
- the level where the disturbance is actively opposed.
-
- To sum up so far:
-
- A controller is free to control the actions of another person
- without conflict if and only if neither the controlling influence nor
- the elicited actions cause uncorrectable errors in the controllee.
-
- A controller is free to control [environmental variables
- corresponding to] uncontrolled perceptions in the controllee without
- conflict only if the perceptions in the controllee are truly don't-
- care cases -- that is, not components of controlled perceptions and
- therefore not related to any goal of the controllee.
- ----------------------------------------------------------------------
- -
- To go on.
-
- 3. Purposeful influence on another that does not involve control of
- the influencee (or violence in some form) can be purposeful only in
- the sense that the influencer purposefully controls environmental
- variables on which perceptions in the influencee are thought to
- depend. As long as these environmental variables are not involved in
- the influencee's own control actions, this can be done without
- conflict.
-
- 4. There are only two ways in which external influences (purposefully
- manipulated or naturally-occurring) can have an effect on the
- influencee: through altering sensory information, or through affecting
- the physiology of the influencee directly. Effects on physiology fall
- in two classes: sensed effects, and intrinsic effects. These classes
- may have a nonzero intersection.
-
- 5. If the effects are sensory, the results are covered in numbered
- paragraphs 1 and 2 above.
-
- 6. If the effects are intrinsic, then the influencer is actually
- applying coercive force to the influencee, inducing malaise, pain,
- injury, hunger, thirst, suffocation, or other signs of malfunction.
- This almost certainly will require overriding the efforts of the
- influencee to prevent these changes. This violates the condition that
- we are discussing non-coercive influence of another's behavioral
- system.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- The argument so far thus leads to the conclusion that while a putative
- controller can control certain actions of the controllee, and can
- control environmental variables not related to any goal of the
- controllee, in no case can the effects disturb any variable under
- control by the controllee without inducing conflict between controller
- and controllee.
-
- This sums up what HPCT has to say about the possible interactions of
- people with respect to their controlling each other without coercion.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
- I wrote a lot more, but this is enough to talk about. I don't think
- there is any ideology in the above: it is, as far as I could make it,
- a straight deduction from the principles of HPCT as they stand today.
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- There is one passage in your post to note before quitting for now:
-
- >... the ideology of some PCTers which denies any "importance" to a
- >person of the influences (current and historical) of other people.
-
- I have never said any such thing. The influence of other people on me,
- current and historical, has been of tremendous importance to me. But
- assigning and defining that influence and its importance was my act,
- never theirs. Just as you decide for yourself what importance to give
- my offerings concerning HPCT, and what influence to allow them to have
- on you.
- --------------------------------------------------------------------
- Best,
-
-
-
- Bill P.
-