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- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!wupost!darwin.sura.net!nntp.msstate.edu!memstvx1!langston
- From: langston@memstvx1.memst.edu (Mark C. Langston)
- Newsgroups: alt.hypertext
- Subject: Re: Interaction with a hypertext
- Message-ID: <1992Sep6.224648.3218@memstvx1.memst.edu>
- Date: 6 Sep 92 22:46:48 -0600
- Distribution: world
- Organization: Memphis State University
- Lines: 83
-
- The recent discussion of active v. passive hypertexts (HT's) piqued my
- interest. I am doing R&D on educational hypertexts, and would like to
- incorporate the user into a more active role during navigation, along the
- lines of annotation. Several issues come to mind:
-
- * If the HT structure is theory-determined or research-determined (as
- opposed to just thrown together, a very poor way to develop links),
- a strong indexing/inference engine would need to be incorporated into
- the sytem to correctly link user annotations/additions.
-
- * If user after user after user annotates a particular HT, the possibility
- arises that most of the accesible information (via the HT) will become
- embedded in the annotations, and the HT will become redundant and linear.
-
- * Allowing multiple annotations increases the amount of user-irrelevant
- material present on any one card or screen, and increases the linearity
- of the HT.
-
- * Allowing multiple annotations increases the amount of material in general
- accessible from any one card, and again increases the linearity of the HT.
-
-
- * Allowing dynamic node creation for indexing of end-user annotation opens the
- door to computational explosion on number of links.
-
-
- How would one rectify these problems? HT's in general are developed 'off-the-
- cuff', with no empirical or theoretical basis (correct me if I'm wrong, it
- would be welcome news). If one assumes that the HT does have empirical/
- theoretical foundations for links, a sensible approach would be the knowledge
- annealing system addressed in a previous post. However, one would hope that
- the system could be more automated, and not require current updating by a
- moderator.
- The other issues address the inherent nonlinear approach that HT's are
- designed to accomodate. If one allows too many annotations, the nonlinearity
- will become, at best, muddied, at worst, lost completely. One could assume
- unlimited storage/computational power, but I'm focussing on smaller systems.
- One could allow for dynamic node creation for each new annotation, with
- links from the annotated card to the current annotation, referenced by
- keyword. This is fine if the HT under consideration is a standard card->
- keyword->link to new card type. However, these systems have an inherent
- coherence problem, in that the end user has difficulty following the
- coherence of the links between keyword/card, since these are based on the
- programmer's assumptions of coherence, and not the user's.
- If, however, an intermediary interface is implemented to allow the user
- to coherently follow links (requiring a theoretical basis for knowledge
- organization iand link structure in the HT, such as I have been working on)
- the dynamic node creation scheme would tax the interface, requiring it to
- either shoehorn the new node into a link structure implemented in the
- coherence mechanism, or to create a new link type. Again, this raises the
- question of computational explosion among link types, and these whould be
- kept at a fixed number.
-
- It almost seems that there is an interaction between:
- a) Number of links
- b) Types of link structures
- c) number of nodes
- d) node types
- e) coherence during link traversal
- f) dynamicism of said HT.
-
- Without factor f), the problems are fully within the capacity of the system,
- but once the HT becomes dynamic (from an end-user standpoint, someone unaware
- of the theoretical basis of the HT organization), the computational power
- required approaches that of natural-language understanding systems, and, I
- fear, would work about as well.
-
- Why not dump the theoretical basis of the HT? Well, one could do this, but
- the whole point of grounding such a system theoretically/empirically is to
- facilitate search speed and accuracy, and to maintain user coherence, instead
- of relying on the user to infer the programmer's reasons for coherence.
-
- If anyone has done similar research, please email me, as I would be happy to
- exchange papers/ideas.
-
-
-
- --
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- Mark C. Langston | "Secrecy is the beginning of tyranny."
- Psychology Dept. | "Always listen to experts. They'll tell you what can't
- Memphis State U. | be done, and why. Then do it."
- "Pftph!" | -From the notebooks of Lazarus Long
-