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- Path: sparky!uunet!gatech!hubcap!ncrcae!ncrlnk!ncrwat!53iss6!tjgerman
- From: tjgerman@53iss6.Waterloo.NCR.COM (Trevor German)
- Newsgroups: sci.electronics
- Subject: AMPERAGE
- Message-ID: <9860@ncrwat.Waterloo.NCR.COM>
- Date: 26 Aug 92 14:35:19 GMT
- Sender: news@ncrwat.Waterloo.NCR.COM
- Organization: Imaging Systems Division, NCR Corp, Waterloo, Ont., CANADA
- Lines: 63
-
-
- re power supplies.
-
- As has already been stated the amp rating of a power supply (PSU)
- is the maximum rating. The actual current flow is always detemined
- by the load provided said supply can supply said load. If you
- attempt to take more than the rated current the supply woltage
- will drop below the specified tolerance band. That is if the
- PSU is 12V +- 10% with Imax of 2.5A and you attach a load of 3A
- the terminal voltage will fall below 10.8V (12V - 10%). Most
- quality PSUs will however not allow you to do this and will
- current limit to prevent the PSU from overheating and failing.
-
- How much power is taken from the wall for a given load always
- depends on the efficiency of the power supply. A switching
- supply of 80% efficiency will take less power from the wall
- than a 50% linear supply. As follows
-
-
- Suppose the load takes 1A and the PSU is 12V
-
- Power consumed by load = 1A * 12V = 12W
-
- an 80% efficient PSU will consume
-
- 12W * 0.2 W = 2.4W
-
- a 50% efficient PSU will consume
-
- 12W * 0.5 W = 6W
-
- Hence the 80% setup takes 14.4W from the wall
- while the 50% takes 18W.
- ============================================================
- Side note:- If you have the choice between two supplies that
- both can supply the load there are other
- factors to take into acount other than
- efficiency.
-
- reliability:- Running a PSU at maximum load decreases the life
- expectancy of the unit.
-
- ripple and noise:- Running a psu at maximum load, will increase
- the amount of ripple and or switching noise
- present at the terminals. This is because there
- is always a storage capacitor present which is
- being periodically discharged by the load. With
- small loads this discharge is less noticable.
- With audio and radio circuits this noise can be
- problematic.
- Physical size:- Like technology PSUs typically get larger with
- Imax rating.
-
- Fault effects :- Running a 1A load with a 10A supply can be
- spectacular when a fault occurs. Smoke and flames.
- Use a fuse.
- ===============================================================
-
-
- --
- >| "Only average people | Trevor J German BSc |<
- >| never make mistakes." | NCR, Waterloo, Ontario |<
- >| | Canada. |<
-