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- Newsgroups: sci.astro
- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!sun-barr!ames!pacbell.com!well!metares
- From: metares@well.sf.ca.us (Tom Van Flandern)
- Subject: Re: Standard model of QSOsex
- Message-ID: <BttpFC.1G3@well.sf.ca.us>
- Sender: news@well.sf.ca.us
- Organization: Whole Earth 'Lectronic Link
- References: <1992Aug17.085741.14498@vax5.cit.cornell.edu> <Bt9Gqz.Jx@well.sf.ca.us> <1992Aug29.041855.24851@athena.mit.edu>
- Distribution: sci
- Date: Mon, 31 Aug 1992 00:59:36 GMT
- Lines: 75
-
-
- [m(i), m(p), m(a) are inertial, passive gravitational, and active
- gravitational masses of a body, respectively]
-
- Earlier, I wrote:
-
- >>>> m(i) A = G m(p) M(a) / r^2,
-
- >> In the Meta Model, m(i) = m(p) > m(a). But the difference is usually too
- >> small to be detectible
-
- and mock@space.mit.edu (Patrick C. Mock) replied:
-
- > Since the [2-body] systems is isolated: F(total) = 0
- > _ __ __ __
- > { F(total) = F1 + F2 = 0 } -> F1 = F2 (F1 is the magnitude of F1)
- >
- > [stuff deleted] If the ratio varies, then F(total) is not zero and energy
- > is not conserved in the Meta Model!
-
- In ordinary dynamics, all three mass types are considered equal, so a
- lot of laws simplify. It is safe to assume that m(i) = m(p) in all dynamics,
- whether Newtonian or GR. But in contexts where m(a) is not equal to m(i),
- some of the familiar laws change. One must be very careful before assuming a
- familiar equation is still true.
-
- In particular, when m(a) = m(i) is not true, then "forces" which are
- formed from the product of m(i) and acceleration are not equal to forces
- formed from the product of m(a) and acceleration. Of course, in a
- terrestrial context, forces are always formed using m(i). But when m(i) is
- not equal to m(a), your F1 is NOT equal to F2, action is NOT equal and
- opposite to reaction, and the system experiences what is called a "self
- force".
-
- I don't recall who invented this "self-force" concept, but you can read
- about it in a Newtonian context in Bartlett and Van Buren, "Equivalence of
- active and passive gravitational mass using the Moon", Phys. Rev. Lett. 57,
- 21-24 (1986); and in a PPN context in Clifford Will's latest paper, "Is
- momentum conserved? A test in the binary system PSR 1913+16", ApJ 393, L59-
- L61 (1992).
-
- The bottom line is that, in contexts where m(i) is unequal to m(a),
- normally conserved quantities such as energy or momentum which are computed
- using m(i) are no longer conserved; but if they are computed using m(a), they
- are still conserved. There is a simple explanation: if m(i) differs from
- m(a), then there are two different centers of mass in the system: an inertial
- and an active gravitational center of mass. The inertial center of mass
- orbits the gravitational one, while only the latter remains "inertial"
- (meaning unmoving in an inertial frame).
-
- If all kinematics are done using active gravitational masses only, the
- system has normal dynamical behavior. The "inertial center of mass" behaves
- just like an offset center of figure, and introduces primarily a libration
- into the rotation of the body, with very small orbital consequences, and no
- acceleration of the gravitational center of mass. The "self-force" simply
- causes the inertial center of mass to orbit around the gravitational one.
-
- If you apply the laws in any other way, you get unphysical accelerations
- and chaos. Examples of that are amply shown in the two papers cited.
-
- As this applies to the Meta Model, it means that the relationship
- between m(a) and m(i) is not tightly constrained by existing experimental
- results. There is still room for a "shielding" effect. Whenever a dense-
- enough massive body comes between two others, the effect of the mass of the
- outside bodies will not be able to fully pass through the shielding body and
- accelerate the other outside body by a normal amount. We will soon have the
- capability to test for such an effect experimentally.
-
- If you wish to explore this matter further, please hold your reply until
- I return in two weeks. -|Tom|-
-
- --
- Tom Van Flandern / Washington, DC / metares@well.sf.ca.us
- Meta Research was founded to foster research into ideas not otherwise
- supported because they conflict with mainstream theories in Astronomy.
-