home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!elroy.jpl.nasa.gov!decwrl!deccrl!news.crl.dec.com!pa.dec.com!sousa.ltn.dec.com!human.enet.dec.com!supnik
- From: supnik@human.enet.dec.com (Bob Supnik)
- Newsgroups: comp.arch
- Subject: Re: ALPHA : Single Transistor Clocking
- Summary: Five stages used, many xtors
- Keywords: Alpha, clocking
- Message-ID: <1691@sousa.ltn.dec.com>
- Date: 4 Sep 92 03:54:18 GMT
- References: <1992Sep3.004732.15291@rkna50.riken.go.jp>
- Sender: newsa@sousa.ltn.dec.com
- Organization: Digital Equipment Corporation
- Lines: 32
-
-
- In article <1992Sep3.004732.15291@rkna50.riken.go.jp>, wong@rkna50.riken.go.jp (Wong Weng Fai) writes...
- > [deletions]
- >According to what I know, right dead center of the ALPHA chip is a single,
- >huge transistor that is used for clock distribution. Can anyone provide
- >further details on this ? What are the advantages and disadvantages ? Is it
- >the way to go for distribution of high frequency clocks ?
-
- As Mark Johnson previously noted, the clock driver is fully described in the
- ISSCC Digest of Papers, 1992, and the accompanying slide set. The clock
- driver is a multistage driver, with devices scaling up to the final inverter.
- This final inverter uses wide devices, 25cm and 10cm for P and N channel,
- respectively.
-
- The design of the Alpha clock driver was motivated by the need to achieve
- under 300ps corner to corner skew under worst case operating and process
- conditions. To do this, every clock node in the chip is driven directly
- from the clock driver, without intermediate rebuffering. The size of the
- clock driver (and its final inverter) falls out from the amount of
- capacitance which must be driven every cycle.
-
- Other designs -- such as locally rebuffered clocks, or locally generated
- clocks phase-locked to a master reference -- are certainly possible. This
- one works (at 200Mhz), and the design team was able to prove, early in the
- design process, that it would work, thereby eliminating a lot of risk
- from the design. (The ISSCC slides include a simulation of the propagation
- of the clock wave form, at 30ps intervals, out from the center, on the
- extracted clocking network of the chip -- more than 600k nodes and arcs.)
-
- Bob Supnik >Supnik@human.enet.dec.com
- >All opinions expressed are those of a hardline microcoder
- >and do not reflect those of Digital Equipment Corporation
-