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- Path: sparky!uunet!bcstec!bcsaic!hsvaic!eder
- From: eder@hsvaic.boeing.com (Dani Eder)
- Newsgroups: sci.space
- Subject: Re: What about Saturn?/Future not Past
- Message-ID: <1549@hsvaic.boeing.com>
- Date: 18 Aug 92 14:39:03 GMT
- References: <1992Aug11.230756.20191@news.duc.auburn.edu> <qeHkPB4w165w@clubzen.fidonet.org> <15AUG199222342936@judy.uh.edu>
- Distribution: na
- Organization: Boeing AI Center, Huntsville, AL
- Lines: 82
-
- wingo%cspara.decnet@Fedex.Msfc.Nasa.Gov writes:
-
- [about the revival of the Saturn launch vehicle]
-
- How about looking to the future instead of the past?
-
- Dr. Robert Bussard is working under contract to DARPA to develop an
- 'electric fusion' machine. The way it would work is to set up
- a chamber bounded by current-carrying wires, such that a magnetic
- field is set up that gets weaker towards the center, and strong
- towards the periphery. Into this chamber you inject electrons,
- which are reflected by the magnetic fields at the edges, and thus
- bounce radially from side to side. The electrons are denser towards
- the center of the chamber if they are all bouncing radially.
-
- This setup creates a strong negative potential well in the middle,
- caused by all the electrons in the central region. Now the fun
- part: drop deuterium & tritium ions into this chamber. They are
- attracted by the electron cloud, and accelerate towards the
- center. If the potential well is deep enough (tens of kilovolts),
- the ions will be going fast enough at the center to fuse when they
- run into each other. The ones that miss or scatter will continue
- to bounce around until they hit something.
-
- The ones that fuse create particles with high energy - millions of
- volts, which is enough to kick them entirely out of the central
- region - to generating equipment outside of the chamber. The trick
- is that you use the electrons and geometry to create a trap for the
- ions you want to fuse. Electrons are much lighter than ions, and
- thus are easier to control with magnetic fields - rather than
- trying to contain a plasma directly with magnetic fields as the
- Tokamak tries to do.
-
- Bussard's calculations show it is possible to produce 2000 MW of
- power in a 2 meter chamber. The system weight would be on the
- order of 3-4 tons.
-
- Electric power generation is by direct climb of the charged particles
- against a megavolt field set up by wires surrounding the chamber.
- This produces megavolt output at some amperage with high
- conversion efficiency. The high voltage is then used to generate
- thrust in this way:
-
- You dump megavolt electron beams into a chamber (this is a souped
- up TV tube, which uses 20 kilovolt electron beam to illuminate the
- phosphors). The beam energy is absorbed in a few tens of cm by
- your propellant, getting it very hot, then it goes out a nozzle.
-
- Specific implulse in the range of 2000 seconds is possible, before
- the heat of the exhaust gas sets a limit. This is somewhat better
- than the NASP average specific impulse, and you don't have to
- spend lots of time in the atmosphere, as NASP does, getting hot
- and fighting drag.
-
- This would make a dandy spaceplane engine. Once in orbit, where
- you have room to build a bigger magnetic nozzle (in the atmosphere
- you have to stay within the aerodynamic lines for it to fly)
- The specific impulse can be increased to 3000-5000 seconds. This
- is because the power can be spread over a larger area, and waste
- heat melting your nozzle is the limiting factor.
-
- This system is close to the 'Mr Fusion' we saw in 'Back to the
- Future', and allows building real spacecraft, ones that don't
- fall apart (stage) in flight.
-
- Where they are is building a scaled prototype for DARPA, to
- verify the calculations in the same way a wind tunnel model
- is used in airplane design. That completed, there should be
- no stopping the full size machine from working.
-
- This may seem futuristic to some, but no more so than cryogenic
- rocket engines would have seemed in the 40's, and they were
- actually built for the first time in the 50's.
-
- Dani Eder
-
-
- --
- Dani Eder/Boeing/Advanced Civil Space/(205)464-2697(w)/232-7467(h)/
- Rt.1, Box 188-2, Athens AL 35611/Member: Space Studies Institute
- Physical Location: 34deg 37' N 86deg 43' W +100m alt.
- ***THE ABOVE IS NOT THE OPINION OF THE BOEING COMPANY OR ITS MANAGEMENT.***
-