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- Path: sparky!uunet!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!darwin.sura.net!udel!rochester!dietz
- From: dietz@cs.rochester.edu (Paul Dietz)
- Subject: Re: Entropy of the Universe, (was Re: Genesis - fact or fiction)
- Message-ID: <1992Aug21.231150.21126@cs.rochester.edu>
- Organization: Computer Science Department University of Rochester
- References: <1992Aug21.204209.24494@blaze.cs.jhu.edu> <1992Aug21.212447.17947@alchemy.chem.utoronto.ca> <25671@dog.ee.lbl.gov>
- Distribution: na
- Date: Fri, 21 Aug 1992 23:11:50 GMT
- Lines: 79
-
- Come on, people. We know "creation science" is a contradiction in
- terms, but that's no excuse to present bullshit about chemical
- evolution. Creationists have correctly targeted this as a seriously
- deficient area (not that that lends any support to biblical
- fundamentalism, of course).
-
- Frankly, the existing theories of biogenesis, including many of
- the "party lines" parroted here, are at best very dubious.
- Let's consider some slogans and their refutations:
-
- 1. "With millions of years and cubic miles of solution, even
- rare events are bound to happen".
-
- This is a very weak argument against the combinatorial
- problem. Millions of years and thousands of cubic miles of
- water don't tack very many zeros onto the number of trials.
- The full complexity of the modern cell's machinery dwarfs
- any random search that could be made by any reasonable system
- that could fit in the observable universe. So, one must
- postulate a nonrandom process -- a route "hardwired" into
- the laws of chemistry -- that leads to self replication.
-
-
- 2. "The molecules of life have been shown to form naturally."
-
- Actually, only *some* of the molecules of life have been
- shown to form naturally (specifically, some of the amino acids,
- some bases, some sugars). Unfortunately: (a) they are formed
- in very low concentrations, (b) they are mixed with large numbers
- of other, biologically irrelevant isomers, (c) some of the experiments
- showing their formation require unreasonable conditions (concentrated
- formaldehyde, for example).
-
- More problematically, very important molecules like nucleotides
- (the building blocks of RNA and DNA) have never been shown to be
- produced in a realistic prebiotic environment -- let alone RNA and
- DNA.
-
- The formation of biologically relevant molecules can't be taken to
- be all that interesting. It just shows that life uses some molecules
- that are rather simple and stable, and that therefore also tend to be
- produced by more undirected physical processes. Is this surprising?
-
-
- 3. "Self reproducing molecules have been demonstrated in the
- laboratory"
-
- Yes, but never with plausible prebiotic molecules, or in solutions
- containing reasonable concentrations of contaminants or isomeric
- monomers that would be expected to jam replication.
-
- The famous experiment showing replication of RNA molecules in
- solutions of ATP, etc. is irrelevant to biogenesis; ATP is an
- unreasonable molecule to appear in a "prebiotic soup" (it is too
- unstable), never mind appear in a pure form.
-
-
- 4. "Natural selection gets around the combinatorial problem"
-
- This ignores the fact that natural selection can only occur in
- systems that already can copy and express genetic information of some
- kind. Moreover, the requirements for copying accuracy are stringent.
- An error rate of 1% means the maximum genome size is only about 100
- bits.
-
- The central problem in biogenesis is the "complexity barrier" that
- exists between demonstrated prebiotic systems and those systems that
- can undergo selection. This barrier is enormous, and has not been
- convincingly bridged.
-
- ---------------
-
- The conventional "warm ponds of primordial soup" scenario is a useful
- *working hypothesis* (it at least suggests experiments), but to
- pretend that it has been proven to be true is scientifically
- fraudulent.
-
- Paul F. Dietz
- dietz@cs.rochester.edu
-