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- Path: sparky!uunet!munnari.oz.au!samsung!balrog!ctron.com!wilson
- From: wilson@ctron.com (David Wilson)
- Newsgroups: sci.math
- Subject: Re: Fundamental Theorems?
- Message-ID: <4750@balrog.ctron.com>
- Date: 17 Aug 92 18:16:35 GMT
- References: <4711@balrog.ctron.com> <19305@nntp_server.ems.cdc.com>
- Sender: root@balrog.ctron.com
- Reply-To: wilson@ctron.com (David Wilson)
- Organization: Cabletron Systems Inc
- Lines: 76
- Nntp-Posting-Host: web
-
- Sorry for the cascade, but
-
- Take all that follows with a grain of smiley.
-
- In article <19305@nntp_server.ems.cdc.com>, mstemper@ems.cdc.com writes
-
- >In article <4711@balrog.ctron.com>, wilson@web.ctron.com writes:
- >|> Fundamental Theorem of Geometry:
- >|>
- >|> The Independence of the Parallel Postulate:
- >|>
- >|> The parallel postulate is independent of the axioms of absolute
- >|> geometry.
- >|>
- >|> Try to beat this one for historical importance as well as its
- >|> bearing on mathematical thought.
- >
- >Important, yes. Accepted, yes. Theorem, no.
- >How would you prove this? Reductio ad absurdum? :->
-
- To prove this, take a suitable model of the hyperbolic plane
- within the Cartesian plane, say the Cayley-Klein incidence
- plane with suitable interpretation of line, point, etc., and
- proceed to show that this model fulfills the axioms of absolute
- geometry but not the Parallel Postulate.
-
- What? This merely shows that the independence of the parallel
- postulate from absolute geometry is only as good as the
- consistency of the real numbers? Forgive me, as I am one of
- the old school who believes that the real numbers may even be
- more consistent than past policies of the Roman Catholic Church
- regarding the subject. (At any rate, I lose little sleep worrying
- what the real numbers are going to do before morning comes.)
-
- What? We didn't show that the Parallel Postulate is independent
- using Euclid's Axioms? It seems to me that as the Fundamental
- Theorem of Calculus relies strictly on the Axioms of Calculus,
- it is only proper that the Fundamental Theorem of Geometry
- should be founded exclusively on the Axioms of Geometry. I'm a
- little rusty, you'll have to refresh me on those...
-
- >|> Fundamental Theorem of Mathematics:
- >|>
- >|> The principle of mathematical induction:
- >|>
- >|> Let P(x) be a proposition about natural number x. If
- >|> 1. P(0)
- >|> 2. For all x, P(x) ==> P(x+1)
- >|> Then P(x) is true for all numbers.
- >|>
- >|> This principle pervades mathematics. To understand, appreciate,
- >|> and use mathematical induction is the entry ticket to mathematics.
- >|>
- >|> (Bob Silverman points out that mathematical induction is an
- >|> axiom. I believe that this makes it no less a theorem).
- >
- > I thought that axioms were what you used to prove theorems?
-
- If one regards a theory as simply a collection of statements closed
- over some logic, then there is really no distinction between axiom
- and theorem. Any axiom set and logic will do as long as we agree
- on all of the conclusions.
-
- In short, what you must prove depends on what you assume. One man's
- axiom is another man's theorem. In my book, an axiom is a statement
- that someone at some time didn't feel compelled to justify.
-
- Let us first agree on the Axioms of Mathematics before we argue the
- Fundamental Theorem of Mathematics. Until then, my vote for
- mathematical induction stands.
-
-
- David W. Wilson (wilson@ctron.com)
-
- Disclaimer: "Truth is just truth...You can't have opinions about truth."
- - Peter Schikele, introduction to P.D.Q. Bach's oratorio "The Seasonings."
-