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- Newsgroups: misc.activism.progressive
- Path: sparky!uunet!wupost!mont!pencil.cs.missouri.edu!daemon
- From: harelb@math.cornell.edu (Harel Barzilai)
- Subject: Background(2) to "EPA CONDEMNED By LUNG ASSOC. On OZONE"
- Message-ID: <1992Aug17.132424.17721@mont.cs.missouri.edu>
- Followup-To: alt.activism.d
- Originator: daemon@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Sender: news@mont.cs.missouri.edu
- Nntp-Posting-Host: pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Organization: ?
- Date: Mon, 17 Aug 1992 13:24:24 GMT
- Approved: map@pencil.cs.missouri.edu
- Lines: 86
-
-
- "For every 100 microgram increase in total suspended particles
- (TSP) per cubic meter of air, Philadelphia death rates rose by 10
- percent among residents over age 65 and three percent in younger
- residents
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- Topic 122 AIRBORNE PARTICLES KILL THOUSANDS
- alami en.cleanair 12:50 pm May 15, 1992
- - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - - -
- FROM THE PUBLICATION: "LUNGS AT WORK" --
- May/June, 1992 issue
- (a bimonthly publication of the American Lung Association
- national office)
- -------------------------------------------------------------------
- STUDY: POLLUTION KILLS THOUSANDS
-
- Air pollution at levels considered safe under federal law may in
- fact help to kill tens of thousands of Americans every year,
- according to a study published by the American Lung
- Association.
-
- "Almost any way we look at it, we see an effect with particles,"
- said Douglas Dockery, Ph.D. of the American Thoracic Society,
- who wrote the study with Joel Schwartz, Ph.D., of the
- Environmental protection Agency.
-
- "Our findings suggest that current federal standards to protect the
- public from particulates must be reviewed."
-
- The study, which analyzed eight years of mortality and pollution
- data from Philadelphia, found that deaths increased in direct
- relation to levels of particulate air pollution. Rising
- concentrations of airborne particles were especially dangerous to
- people over age 65 and those with lung or heart disease.
-
- "For people who are old or sick, particulate matter can be the
- straw that breaks the camel's back," says Dr. Schwartz.
-
- While studies have consistently shown that cities with higher
- pollution levels have higher age-adjusted mortality rates, this link
- has been questioned due to possible confounding variables, such
- as city to city differences in smoking rates and occupational
- risks. By focusing on one city, the Philadelphia study sought to
- avoid such variables.
-
- "People's jobs and smoking habits don't change a lot between
- Monday and Wednesday," says Dr. Schwartz. However, he said,
- the risk of dying does change from one day to the next,
- depending on the level of airborne particles.
-
- For every 100 microgram increase in total suspended particles
- (TSP) per cubic meter of air, Philadelphia death rates rose by 10
- percent among residents over age 65 and three percent in
- younger residents. The strongest effects were seen on deaths
- from lung disease. Each 100 microgram jump in TSP brought a
- 19 percent increase in deaths from chronic obstructive
- pulmonary disease and an 11 percent rise in pneumonia deaths,
- along with a 10 percent increase in heart disease deaths.
-
- In an interview, Drs. Dockery and Schwartz said that their
- findings, when applied to national pollution data, suggest that
- airborne particles help to kill some 60,000 Americans annually.
- In some of these cases, pollution is merely the final blow that
- hastens an imminent death. But Dr. Schwartz believes that, in
- many more cases, pollution is the difference between surviving a
- health crisis. For evidence, he cites a Utah study, which found
- that deaths around a steel mill -- the largest local source of
- particles -- dropped by three percent the year the mill was
- closed.
-
- The Philadelphia study suggests that federal standards for
- particulate pollution are dangerously lax. The standards, adopted
- in 1987, state that particles smaller than 10 microns in diameter
- must not exceed a level of 150 micrograms per cubic meter of
- air during any given 24 hour period. However, the Philadelphia
- data show that death rates start to inch upward when particles
- reach levels as low as a third of the current standard.
-
-
- ---------------------------
-
- Article based on the following study:
-
- Schwartz J. Dockery, DW, Increased Mortality in Philadelphia
- Associated with Daily Air Pollution Concentrations. American
- Review of Respiratory Disease 1992; 145:600-604
-