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- From: rslade@sfu.ca (Robert Slade)
- Newsgroups: comp.virus
- Subject: (c) Brain - part 1 (CVP)
- Message-ID: <0016.9208131902.AA05714@barnabas.cert.org>
- Date: 13 Aug 92 18:59:17 GMT
- Sender: virus-l@lehigh.edu
- Lines: 57
- Approved: news@netnews.cc.lehigh.edu
-
- HISVIR6.CVP 920810
-
- (c) Brain - part 1
-
- The "Brain" virus is probably the earliest MS-DOS virus. At one
- time it was the most widespread of PC viral programs. (Yet more
- support for the "superiority" of boot sector viral programs in terms
- of numbers of infections.) Extensive study has been done on the
- Brain family, and those wishing further details should consult Alan
- Solomon's analyses (which, unfortunately, are too detailed for full
- inclusion in the Anti-Virus Toolkit). In spite of this, and in
- spite of the existence of address and phone number information for
- the supposed author, we still have no first, second or even third
- hand reports of the production of the virus, and so little can be
- said with absolute certainty. (We do have a first hand report from
- the author of the Den Zuk variant, for which I am grateful to
- Fridrik Skulason.)
-
- The Brain "family" is prolific, although less so than Jerusalem.
- (Seemingly, any "successful" virus spawns a plague of copies as
- virus-writer-wannabes use it as a template.) Again, like the
- Jerusalem, it seems that one of the lesser variants might be the
- "original". The "ashar" version appears to be somewhat less
- sophisticated than the most common "Brain", and Brain contains text
- which makes no sense unless it is "derived" from ashar. Brain
- contains other "timing" information: a "copyright" date of 1986, and
- an apparent "version" number of 9.0.
-
- Brain is a boot sector infector, somewhat longer than some of the
- more recent BSIs. Brain occupies three sectors itself, and, as is
- usual with BSIs, repositions the normal boot sector in order to
- "mimic" the boot process. As the boot sector is only a single
- sector, Brain, in infecting a disk, reserves two additional sectors
- on the disk for the remainder of itself, plus a third for the
- original boot sector. This is done by occupying unused space on the
- diskette, and then marking those sectors as "bad" so that they will
- not be used and overwritten. The "original" Brain virus is
- relatively harmless. It does not infect hard disks, or disks with
- formats other than 360K. (Other variants are less careful, and can
- overlay FAT and data areas.)
-
- Brain is at once sly and brazen about its work. It is, in fact, the
- first "stealth" virus, in that a request to view the boot sector of
- an infected disk, on an infected system will result in a display of
- the original boot sector. However, the Brain virus is designed
- *not* to hide its light under a bushel in another way: the volume
- label of infected diskettes becomes "(c) Brain" (or "(c) ashar" or
- "Y.C.1.E.R.P" for different variants). Hence the name of the virus.
-
- copyright Robert M. Slade, 1992 HISVIR6.CVP 920810
-
- ===================
- Vancouver ROBERTS@decus.ca | "Power users think
- Institute for Robert_Slade@sfu.ca | 'Your PC is now
- Research into rslade@cue.bc.ca | Stoned' is part of
- User p1@CyberStore.ca | the DOS copyright
- Security Canada V7K 2G6 | line." R. Murnane
-