home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Path: sparky!uunet!usc!sol.ctr.columbia.edu!ira.uka.de!chx400!sicsun!disuns2!lsesun3!ebel
- From: ebel@lsesun3.epfl.ch (Norbert EBEL)
- Newsgroups: comp.unix.questions
- Subject: Re: Question: what is the unix equivalent of VMS's "verbs"??
- Keywords: VMS, unix
- Message-ID: <4536@disuns2.epfl.ch>
- Date: 20 Aug 92 16:05:50 GMT
- References: <1992Aug2.001043.4958@u.washington.edu>
- Sender: news@disuns2.epfl.ch
- Organization: Laboratoire de Systemes d'Exploitation - E P F Lausanne, Switzerland
- Lines: 90
- Nntp-Posting-Host: lsesun5.epfl.ch
-
- In article <1992Aug2.001043.4958@u.washington.edu>, sue@byron.u.washington.edu (Shu-Chen Eclipse) writes:
- |> Hellow,
- I came also from VMS and suffered from some of the same ills You did. Let me give
- you some advice which may help you become more cynical sooner in regard of Unix.
- Life will be easier and you may even ENJOY Unix
-
- 1)When you ask a Unix guru you always get an answer which may be Do man blah or
- just may be wrong. You NEVER get the following answer "Sorry I don't know". So...
-
- 2) Everything IS in the man pages, but most of the time not where you look,
- or is hidden under a strange verb, or even when it is where it should you don't
- see it because a man page is so unreadable
-
- 3) You must live with the fact that everything is only approximatly like you
- believe unless it was so under the last release or the other Unix you used last
- week
-
- 4) Unix is very simple has few concepts (but many many features) and so it is
- in fact easy to learn
-
- 5) You should definitely read one simple Unix introductory Book
- I will try to give you my answers to some of your questions
-
- |>
- |> Just what is Unix's equivalent of VMS's "verbs"?
-
- The first 'word' on a command line to the shell is the equivalent of the VMS
- verb (the next ones are used as options or parameters, something like VMS)
- When you are typing a command or Unix reads it from a script file it is a
- ordinary promgram which reads it, This program is called the shell (ans is like
- DCL in VMS. There are plenty of kinds of shells which looks very like BUT are
- all different in some kind (sh, csh, tcsh, ksh, bash, ...)
- Every one shell has a number of INTERNAL commands and if this command is not
- known as internal, a path VARIABLE is searched through for looking if a program
- with that same verb can be found there. So whether 'blah' is internal or not
- or even is not available depends on the shell. ( To be able to know a priori if
- a command can be or cannot be internal is a good measure if you get the good
- feeling of your Unix. :-)
- |>
- |> How does unix define its commands?
- |> --let's see, correct me if I'm wrong:
- |> "alias" are the VMS equivalent of defining process global symbols for
- |> some command strings,
-
- alias is an internal command of csh but not available on sh. It is then used
- like a symbol definition in VMS
- |>
- |> "set" are like VMS's local symbol defininitions are only valid for the
- |> login process and are not inherited by any spawned processes
- |>
- |> "setenv" are like VMS's global symbols, and are inherited by background
- |> and spawned(?) processes.
- mmhh mmhh ! approximatly
- |>
- |> -- but how are the strings like "set", "setenv", "fork", "fortran", "basic",
- |> "awk","vi", etc defined for Unix? In vms, they're kept in dcltables.exe and
- |> can be modified systems or per process (loca) -wide. What is Unix's equivalent
- |> of "DCLTABLES.EXE". Does unix have vms's equivalent of PPF files?
- |>
- |> What is unix's equivalent to VMS's hierachy of "logicals"??
- Remember that in VMS you have 2 notions variables called symbols (only two kinds
- local and globals) and logicals which are hierachical via the 4 tables, BUT the
- important here is that the whole file system tries to make translation
- implicitely. In Unix you have only variables, which must be asked for their values
- via $. there is no hierarchy (well there are also globals and locals)
- |>
- |> Does UNix have "batch" ques? "run/detached"?
- |> Is "ln" unix's equivent of vms's "set file /enter" and backlins?
- I would say so but see the distinction between hard links (like VMS) and
- symbolic links (man ln)
- Or more like
- |> Vms's "logicals" for file/directory/device names?
- |>
- |> What is unix's equivalent of vms's "set file watch"? does not exist, but can
- be built in the kernel needs hard gurus.
- |> Do unix shells have vms's equivalent of "lexical functions?" They dont exist
- in the same manner but most informatuon and services you got via them on VMS can
- bet gotten in an appropiate way on unix
- |> Can you "install" images in Unix like in VMS??
- No there is a 'better' solution with the setuid bit see chmod
- |> -- well, I guess, I'm getting off track here, but just trying to make sense
- |> of this VERRY difficult and rather EERRIE BEAST you guys call "UNIX".
- |>
- |> thans for answering,
- |> sue@ks 4
- |> byron.u.washington.edu
- As a kind of exercice to get angry against unix : whow can you be told e-mail
- has come. Try to finf that by man if you do'nt know it (the answer is biff y)
-
- Norbert Ebel
-