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- From: veit@du9ds3.uni-duisburg.de (Holger Veit)
- Subject: Re: Endless boot cycle- suggestions?
- References: <Aug.14.12.34.42.1992.8037@action.rutgers.edu> <45240001@hpycla.kobe.hp.com> <Aug.18.17.41.42.1992.4915@action.rutgers.edu> <1072@galileo.rtn.ca.boeing.com>
- Date: 20 Aug 92 16:02:05 GMT
- Reply-To: veit@du9ds3.uni-duisburg.de
- Organization: Uni-Duisburg FB9 Datenverarbeitung
- Sender: @unidui.uni-duisburg.de
- Message-ID: <veit.714326525@du9ds3>
- Lines: 86
-
- In <1072@galileo.rtn.ca.boeing.com> dmp3592@galileo.rtn.ca.boeing.com (Dean M. Phillips) writes:
-
- >A disk drive which does geometry translation will hopelessly confuse
- >386BSD.
-
- Sometimes true, sometimes false. See below.
-
- >Background:
-
- >MessDOS has a hard limit of 10 bits for a cylinder number. This
- >prevents MessDOS from accessing cylinders beyond 1023. Most large hard
- >disks have more than 1024 cylinders.
-
- >So, to make these disks useable with MessDOS, the disk drive
- >manufacturers invented geometry translation. The way this works is the
- >drive says that it has more heads than it really does, and less
- >cylinders than it really does, so that the total number of sectors
- >comes out the same but with less than 1024 cylinders. When MessDOS
- >asks for a particular track, sector, and cylinder, the drive silently
- >translates this to the real location. "Brain damage begets brain
- >damage."
-
- Ok
-
- >386BSD gets the geometry and its partition info from the partition
- >table and then TURNS OFF GEOMETRY TRANSLATION. If geometry translation
- >was on in the first place, 386BSD will get hopelessly lost, fail to
- >find its disk label and panic.
-
- I just wonder why on my Fujitsu 262XT IDE drive both OS/2 and 386bsd live
- without any problems. Even the Mtools worked after I told them the
- geometry of my OS/2 FAT+Extd. partitions.
- The Fuji is a 420 MB IDE drive with 1001 cylinders, 13 heads and 63 sectors
- (written down from memory), but this is certainly translation. The only
- thing I did was patching BIOS ROMs such that there is a real drive entry
- in it (the Phoenix BIOS I used was so outdated that it had no user configurable
- entry :-( but it has at least been proven to be quite bug free for the
- last years).
-
- >Solution:
-
- >Make sure that geometry translation is turned off. I was able to do
- >this by running setup, specifying drive type 47 and keying in the real
- >number of heads, etc.
-
- Most IDE's take and use the geometry they were told to have when they are
- initialized by the BIOS, but I would not count on this. At least I didn't
- succeed in persuading my Fuji to use a different geometry.
- In particular, many IDE drives use zone bit recording to get most out
- of the disks. They have a number of cylinder areas with different
- numbers of sectors. I am quite curious how you enter this information
- in entry 47. Of course, you may take the minimum values, but you will
- lose capacity.
-
- >If you don't know what your disk's real geometry is, you can find out
- >with a little hacking. I will post a patch when I get mwrite to work.
-
- >Disclaimer:
-
- >Not all reboot cycles are caused by geometry translation.
-
- Certainly not. I believe that many problems are caused by non-standard
- drive commands. Not all the additional IDE commands (published in one of
- the latest Byte magazines, anyone has the reference?) are supported by
- every drive. For instance 386bsd uses one of these to query the disk
- type which is printed out at boot time. I don't know what a "non-standard"
- drive will do if it does not support this command. Of course, there may be
- other incompatibilities.
-
- >On my system, it would still work with geometry translation if I let
- >386BSD have the whole disk. This is because the disk label is located
- >on cylinder 0, head 0, sector 2 for both the real and the translated
- >geometry.
- >--
- >----------------------------------------------------------------------
- >#include <standard_disclaimer.h>
- >Dean M. Phillips (206) 393-9333
- >Boeing Commercial Airplane Group dmp3592@galileo.boeing.com
-
- Holger
-
- --
- | | / Holger Veit | INTERNET: veit@du9ds3.uni-duisburg.de
- |__| / University of Duisburg | BITNET: veit%du9ds3.uni-duisburg.de@UNIDO
- | | / Dept. of Electr. Eng. | "No, my programs are not BUGGY, these are
- | |/ Inst. f. Dataprocessing | just unexpected FEATURES"
-