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- Xref: sparky comp.sys.sun.misc:3741 comp.misc:3261
- Newsgroups: comp.sys.sun.misc,comp.misc
- Path: sparky!uunet!cs.utexas.edu!chinacat!chip
- From: chip@chinacat.unicom.com (Chip Rosenthal)
- Subject: Re: Power Specification
- Organization: Unicom Systems Development, Austin, TX
- Distribution: usa
- Date: Tue, 18 Aug 1992 00:06:01 GMT
- Message-ID: <1992Aug18.000601.1451@chinacat.unicom.com>
- References: <1992Aug17.174931.15657@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu>
- Lines: 50
-
- In article <1992Aug17.174931.15657@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu>
- johnj@welchgate.welch.jhu.edu (John A. Johnston) writes:
- >Anyone know how to calculate this? From a basic PC we read X watts and
- >Y amps max draw, and for our Sun server I have only 1,174 watts maximum
- >draw - but no KVA! Any clues on calculating the KVA would be appreciated.
-
- The conversion is:
-
- active power (in W) = complex power (in VA) * power_factor
-
- If you remember your vector math, complex quantities can be expressed
- in one of two ways: either as a magnitude and an angle, or as a real
- and imaginary component. Complex power is a vector quantity, or, as
- we EE folks say, a phasor quantity. The magnitude of the complex
- power phasor is measured in VA. The real component is called active
- power, and is measured in watts.
-
-
- /|
- complex / |
- power / |
- (in VA)/ |
- / | reactive power
- / |
- / >theta | power factor = cos(theta)
- ---------------
- active power (in W)
-
- A power factor of 0.8 is the typical rule of thumb. So, the UPS
- required to support a 1.2KW load would be about 1.2KW/0.8 or 1.5KVA.
-
- If you were to look at the voltage and current signals on an oscilloscope,
- you would see that the voltage sine wave is a little ahead of the
- current sine wave. This is always the case when driving an inductive
- load, i.e. a transformer. The power factor indicates the separation
- between the voltage and current. If the time of that delta is called
- `d', then the power factor would be cos(2*pi*(d/16.7msec)) where
- 16.7msec is the period of a 60Hz signal, or pf = cos(377*d).
-
- The faceplate power readings tend to be conservative. If you want to
- measure the actual power loading you need a clamp-on current probe
- and a `true RMS' reading multimeter. Multiply the measured current
- by the measured voltage to get the active power in watts. You need
- to throw in a fudge factor to account for both future growth and
- startup surge, and then divide by the power factor to size up the
- needed UPS.
- --
- Chip Rosenthal 512-482-8260 | Let the wayward children play. Let the wicked
- Unicom Systems Development | have their day. Let the chips fall where they
- <chip@chinacat.Unicom.COM> | may. I'm going to Disneyland. -Timbuk 3
-