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- Newsgroups: comp.sys.ibm.ps2.hardware
- Path: sparky!uunet!timbuk.cray.com!walter.cray.com!sedist!alheid
- From: alheid@sedist.cray.com (Greg Alheid)
- Subject: Re: differences between "normal" IBM PC compatible and IBM PS/2
- Message-ID: <1992Aug12.204619.17149@walter.cray.com>
- Sender: alheid@sedist (Greg Alheid)
- Organization: Cray Research, Inc.
- References: <0095E970.770AE760@Msu.oscs.montana.edu>
- Date: 12 Aug 92 20:46:19 CDT
- Lines: 58
-
- icsdsmg@Msu.oscs.montana.edu writes:
- |>
- |> I need some kind soul to tell me something about the differences
- |> between a "normal" IBM PC compatible and an IBM PS/2. I realize that they
- |> have a different bus, and one can't just interchange parts/peripherals.
- |> But *why* (technically) is that, what's the difference in pin layouts,
- |> signals, connectors etc. Why/when did IBM introduce the PS/2? I know
- |> this is asking quite a bit, but maybe anyone that knows something
- |> about this, or can point me to a good place to find the information,
- |> could send me some e-mail?? Please don't tell me to just RTFM, I tried
- |> to find a PS/2 hardware guide, but no such luck. *Any* help would be
- |> very much appreciated. Please use e-mail if you can!
- |>
- |> thanks,
- |> Marcus
-
-
- The bus for the IBM PC and AT is now know as ISA bus, (Industry
- Standard Arch). The problems with the ISA bus and how the PS/2 and
- MCA bus (Micro Channel Arch.) solved them are:
-
- - ISA uses edge triggered interrupts, unable to share interuppts.
- + MCA uses level triggered interrupts, allowing shared interuppts.
-
- - ISA is limited to 12 address lines for I/O devices, 4096 device
- addresses but each device can take four at least, so more like
- only 1024 "devices". But the system consumes something like the
- first 512 devices for necessary system functions.
- + MCA has 16 address lines for I/O devices, so it has 65,536 device
- addresses, but again more like 16,384 devices. System still
- needs the first 512 devices but it is not as noticeable. 8^)
-
- - ISA has noisy signal lines (lack of "good" grounding) which can
- be a source of strange problems.
- + MCA has more ground signals between data, so is less noisy.
-
- - ISA is "normally" 8 Mhz and can only transfer two bytes every
- two clock periods, so 8 Mbytes max. transfer rate.
- + MCA is 16 Mhz minimun, and can with "burst" transfers can go
- over 50 MBytes a sec. (Don't really remember what current max
- value is.)
-
- There are several other problems of the ISA bus solved by the
- PS/2 and MCA design but I would have to copy them from a book to
- get them technically right.
-
- Also PS/2s also have a Watchdog timer which will cause a NMI and
- will allow the system to recover from program loops and "some" other
- possible causes of system hangs. But the software to do has to be
- available like it is in OS/2. (This feature is not dependent on the
- MCA design)
-
- --
- ____________________________________________________________________
- | Greg Alheid | Everything is going well so I am |
- | alheid@pittpa.cray.com | not sure what the problem is. 8^) |
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