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- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!rutgers!dziuxsolim.rutgers.edu!caip.rutgers.edu!ossi
- From: ossi@caip.rutgers.edu (Althea Ossi)
- Newsgroups: comp.protocols.iso
- Subject: Re: Alternative Encoding Rules
- Message-ID: <Aug.20.00.05.32.1992.13927@caip.rutgers.edu>
- Date: 20 Aug 92 04:05:33 GMT
- References: <1992Aug18.193915.22005@linus.mitre.org>
- Organization: Rutgers Univ., New Brunswick, N.J.
- Lines: 54
-
- jccw@poobah.mitre.org (John C. C. White) writes:
-
- >I seem to recall that there was some work going on regarding
- >alternatives to the Basic Encoding Rules (BER), to provide a
- >more compact (or at least different) transfer syntax. Can anyone
- >point me to some documents or people that can bring me up to
- >speed on this? Or tell me that I'm dreaming, and BER is all
- >anyone will ever need?
-
- This question is another good candidate for a FAQ. ISO/IEC/CCITT is
- in the process of progressing several alternatives to BER.
-
- What is currently called known as ISO 8825 | X.209 (i.e., BER) is being
- renamed ISO 8825-1 | X.209-1. Several new encoding rules are being
- standardized, and will result in documents whose ISO and CCITT names end
- with -2, -3, etc., suffixes (e.g., ISO 8825-2).
-
- The new encoding rules of ASN.1 ...
-
- ISO 8825-2 | X.209-2 describe the Packed Encoding Rules of ASN.1 (PER).
- PER is characterized by the fact that it results in much more compressed
- encodings than either BER. Unlike BER, PER is implicitly typed, and
- it relies on the ASN.1 subtype information to minimize the size of encodings
- (e.g., a type described as "INTEGER (12345675..12345678)" can be encoded in
- PER using 2 bits, whereas with BER it requires 6 bytes.
-
- ISO 8825-3 | X.209-3 describe the Canonical and Distinguished Encoding
- Rules of ASN.1 (CER & DER). These are derived from BER and are used in
- encoding a message so that there is only one encoded value for a given
- message. For example, in BER a BOOLEAN is encoded as 0 if the value is
- FALSE, and non-zero if it is TRUE. CER & DER on the other hand, state
- that if the value is TRUE, it must be encoded as a 1 (hence the name canonical
- and distinguished). So, with CER & DER there is a 1-1 mapping between
- the ASN.1-described types and the encoded values, whereas BER gives
- more flexibility. So why two encoding rules to do 1-1 mappings? DER caters
- to applications that have a need for a single way to encode data using
- definite length encoding, while CER caters to applications that have a need
- for a single way to encode data using indefinite length encoding.
-
- DER and CER are both Draft International Standards. PER is a Committee Draft
- that may progress to DIS status in the October/November timeframe.
-
- There is another set of encoding rules, the Light Weight Encoding Rules
- of ASN.1 (LWER) that is being considered for standardization. Its is
- intended to be must faster to encode PDUs in LWER than BER, at the expense
- of potentially generating larger PDUs. LWER is not getting as much attention
- in ISO/IEC/CCITT as the other encoding rules. Among the reasons for this is
- that many question the need for such a set of encoding rules, and that there
- is more urgent need for the other encoding rules.
-
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