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- Newsgroups: comp.graphics.visualization
- Path: sparky!uunet!stanford.edu!ames!data.nas.nasa.gov!wk223!asimov
- From: asimov@wk223.nas.nasa.gov (Daniel A. Asimov)
- Subject: Re: Rotation in nD space
- References: <1992Aug19.100559.13778@fwi.uva.nl>
- Sender: news@nas.nasa.gov (News Administrator)
- Organization: NAS, NASA Ames Research Center, Moffett Field, CA
- Date: Wed, 19 Aug 92 19:06:26 GMT
- Message-ID: <1992Aug19.190626.29054@nas.nasa.gov>
- Lines: 43
-
- In article <1992Aug19.100559.13778@fwi.uva.nl> wijkstra@fwi.uva.nl (Marcel Wijkstra (AIO)) writes:
- [...]
- >The question is: how do I 'rotate' an object in 4D? Or even: what is
- >rotation in 4D?
- [...]
- >(1) WHAT IS 'ROTATION' IN ND SPACE EXACLY (IF IT IS POSSIBLE AT ALL)?
- > This question comes merely from the difficulties I have in abstract
- > thinking, i.e. I haven't got the slightest idea what an object in
- > nD space would 'look' like.
- [...]
- > Marcel Wijkstra
-
- As in lower dimensions, the mathematical definition of a rotation in
- any Euclidean space R^n is any transformation that takes 0 to 0 and
- preserves all distances. Oh, and one more condition: the transformation
- must preserve orientation as well. (This insures that there is a continuous
- family of rotations connecting any one of them to the identity.)
-
- In terms of matrices, rotations are given by orthogonal matrices with
- positive determinant. (An orthogonal matrix in mathematics is one whose
- transpose is its inverse.)
-
- EVEN DIMENSIONAL CASE:
- It can be shown with linear algebra that, in fact, given a rotation
- S of an even-dimensional Euclidean space R^2n, there are n mutually
- orthogonal 2-dimensional subspaces P(1),...,P(n) and angles
- theta(1),...,theta(n) such that for each i = 1,...,n the transformation
- S is just an ordinary rotation by angle theta(i) when restricted to
- the plane P(i).
-
- ODD DIMENSIONAL CASE:
- If the dimension is odd, then a rotation S on R^(2n+1) must leave some
- 1-dimensional subspace L fixed, and the restriction of S to the
- orthogonal complement of L is covered by the even-dimensional case above.
-
-
- --Dan Asimov
- asimov@nas.nasa.gov
-
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