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- Date: Wed, 19 Aug 1992 17:37:38 CDT
- Sender: "User Interfaces for Geographic Information Systems Discussion
- List" <UIGIS-L@UBVM.BITNET>
- From: "Tim McGrath" <tmcgrath@TMCGDNELNC.CR.USGS.GOV>
- Subject: Re: GIS User interfaces
- X-To: uigis-l%ubvm.bitnet@mitvma.mit.edu
- Lines: 69
-
- > From: Jay Sandhu <esri!adriatic!jay@UUNET.UU.NET>
- >
- > All computer software have an interface. The question
- > to ask is, "Is the interface appropriate to solve
- > the task that the software is designed to solve?".
- > I think (know) that the GIS community is no different than
- > any other computer industry at this moment in its
- > approach to solving the "interface" problem. That is,
- > the current approach IS to provide "interface building"
- > tools to the system builders.
-
- At least one system, Khoros, takes a different approach. Khoros is
- primarily an image processing system. The graphical user interface,
- Cantata, is more of a "tool building" interface to system users. This
- approach allows users (not system builders) to literally link "glyphs"
- of the available commands and routines together intelligently to
- solve a task. By "intelligently" I mean that the "glyphs" connect to
- each other through sockets which basically represent the arguments to
- the command or routine. Required commands have a highlighted socket,
- optional ones do not. The output socket of one glyph can be directly
- connected to the input socket of another glyph by clicking with the
- mouse first upon the output socket, and then upon the input socket.
- Many glyphs require no other input from the user. Optional form
- style menus can be brought up for each glyph to further costumize the
- operation of the glyph. Sets of connected glyphs form a "workspace"
- for a specific analysis or task and can be saved for future use.
- Changes to the input set of glyphs are all that is required to use
- the workspace on data other than that with which it was created.
- Routines can be chosen from a menu and glyphs are automatically created
- for each and placed upon the workspace. Links between glyphs can be
- moved or dropped, or glyphs can be removed, all with clicks of a mouse.
-
- None of this means that Khoros is "simple" to use. There is still a
- learning curve to understand what the routines are and how things function.
- Knowledge of the fundementals of image processing are needed. However,
- the model that Cantata represents, facilitates the interaction between
- the user and the software tools. Think of it as taking the concepts
- of map algebra and putting a graphical front end on it.
-
- > I think it would be more appropriate to ask what application
- > area you are talking about before asking what is the
- > appropriate GIS interface.
-
- I disagree. The appropriate GIS interface is one that facilitates
- the building of applications. Early GIS systems got along fine with
- a script or macro language. As GIS system capabilities expand even
- sophisticated users start looking for a better way. Any old Graphical
- User Interface is NOT a better way. Breaking GIS capabilities into
- modular functions, facilitating the means for users to connect, customize
- and build new functions seems to me a much better way. An application
- is just a certain order of modular functions.
-
- Tim (opinions are my own)
-
-
- "Without Geography, where would you be?"
- -- Andy Back
-
- Tim McGrath U.S. Geological Survey
- Geographer Water Resources Division
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