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-
- Note for Code Base Developer
-
- This documentation can be used by the developer to assist in
- creating end user documentation. This documentation was made with
- reference to a particular implementation of the browse routines.
- This implemenation can be seen in the file EXAMPLES\E4BROWSE.C.
-
-
-
- BROWSE USER'S GUIDE
-
-
- Contents
-
- Learning Browse
-
- Introduction
- Manual Conventions
- Basic Terms and Operations
- Getting Started
-
- Browse Reference
-
- Introduction
- Entry Areas
- Menu Selections
- Scrolling
- Help
- Modify Menu
- Add Menu
- Position Menu
- Find Menu
- Edit/Browse Switch
- Exiting Browse
-
- Appendices
-
- Appendix A - Compatibility
- Appendix B - Multiuser Requirements
- Appendix C - Error Messages
- Appendix D - Summary of Commands
-
-
-
- LEARNING BROWSE
-
- Browse allows the user to easily scan through a database to
- modify and add records. The user can search for given values and
- reposition to any record in the database. The switch between the
- browse and edit screens is a single keystroke. The ordering of the
- database records can be altered to reflect any index file that has
- been specified.
-
- All levels of users, from the novice to the veteran, will find
- Browse easy to learn and use.
-
- First time users should read the initial section, on Learning
- Browse, to understand the basic terms and operations of Browse.
- The second section, on The Browse Editor, explains how to use the
- browse and edit screens for entering and looking at data.
-
-
-
- Manual Conventions
-
- Some keys or key combinations are represented as one or
- two words with angle brackets around them.
-
- Examples:
-
- Key Description
-
- <Esc> Represents the <Esc> key.
-
- <Ctrl Home> Represents holding down the <Ctrl> key and
- pressing the <Home> key.
-
- <Shift F1> Represents holding a <Shift> key and
- pressing the <F1> key.
-
-
-
- Basic Terms and Operations
-
- Understanding the following terms and operations is essential
- because they are used throughout Browse. For easiest understanding,
- read them in the order presented.
-
- File
-
- A file is information which is saved on a computer disk.
- Files have names which identify them. These names are up to eight
- characters long and are optionally followed by a period and a file
- name extension which is up to three characters long. MAILING.DBF
- is an example of a file name with the extension ".DBF".
-
- Database
-
- A database is a special kind of file which stores your data.
- For example, a mailing list database contains the names and
- addresses of people.
-
- Record
-
- Database information is organized into records. Each record
- in a mailing list database contains information on one person.
-
- Index File
-
- It may be necessary to examine a database in different orders
- at different times. A mailing list database might need to be sorted
- by last name sometimes and by address address at others.
- It would take a long time to re-sort a large database every time a
- new order was required.
-
- Consequently, index files are created to permanently contain
- sorted information. An index file contains one sort order for one
- database. Because information is already sorted, Browse displays
- and locates records quickly using index files.
-
- Window
-
- A window is an area of the screen which is used to display and
- modify database information. Windows are surrounded by a
- lined box.
-
- Current Record
-
- The current record is the record at which the cursor is
- displayed. When several records are displayed in a window, the
- current record may be changed by pressing the <Up> and <Down>
- arrow keys. Pressing <Up> moves the cursor to the previous record
- and pressing <Down> moves the cursor to the next record.
-
- Menu
-
- A menu is a list of options from which you can select. Press
- <Enter> when you have the menu you want, and the menu's options
- will appear. The up and down arrow keys change the highlighted
- option. When <Enter> is pressed, the menu's highlighted option is
- selected.
-
- Entry Area
-
- When information is typed in Browse, it is typed into the
- active entry area. The active entry area is highlighted and
- contains the cursor. Pressing <Enter> changes the active entry
- area to the next entry area. When there are no more entry areas
- on the screen, pressing <Enter> enters the information.
-
- Command Entry
-
- All Browse commands are initiated by pressing either a single key
- or a key combination. For example, pressing T or <ALT T> initiates the
- Top command. All the Browse commands can be initiated by pressing the
- appropriate letter, or by pressing the letter along with the <ALT> key.
-
- Some commands gain access to a menu and others request additional
- information. Finish the command by selecting a menu option or
- entering additional information before initiating a new command.
-
- Escape Key
-
- Pressing the <Esc> key either cancels or aborts an initiated, but
- not completed, command or menu option.
-
-
-
- Getting Started
-
- Browse can be started with a database file name along with zero
- or more index file names as parameters. The files used by BROWSE
- are dBASE compatible. For example, BROWSE will edit a dBASE database
- with a dBASE index file.
-
- Syntax: BROWSE Database_File [Index_File] [Index_File] ...
-
- Examples:
-
- 1. BROWSE MAILING.DBF
- 2. BROWSE MAILING.DBF NAMES.NDX ADDRESS.NDX
-
- If no indexes are specified, the ordering of the records is the
- ordering in which they were entered (record number ordering). With
- one or more indexes specified, the master index becomes the last
- index specified after the database file. Note that the extensions do
- not need to be given. Browse assumes that the first argument is the
- database (.dbf) file, and the other arguments (if given) are the
- index (.ndx) files. The master index can be changed from within browse.
-
-
-
- BROWSE REFERENCE
-
- Browse may be used for browsing and editing a database, and to
- select index files for sorting and searching.
-
- The screen consists of a menu along the top of the screen, with
- the majority of the window going towards the displaying of the database,
- according to the sorted index.
-
- Once the database is displayed, records can be added, modified
- or deleted. Records can also be located quickly by using index
- files or by scrolling.
-
-
-
- Entry Areas
-
- When information is typed in Browse, it is typed into an Entry Area.
- For example, when modifying a record in the database, there will be one
- Entry Area for each piece of information to be entered.
-
- Entry Areas are not always associated with a database record. For
- example, an Entry Area appears after the Find command is initiated.
-
- There are several special command keys which facilitate the entering
- of information into an Entry Area.
-
- Command Key Effect
-
- <Ins> Flips between Insert Mode and Replace Mode. In
- Replace Mode, the character typed replaces the
- character under the cursor; in Insert Mode, the
- character typed is inserted before the character
- under the cursor. When in Insert Mode, the cursor
- is slightly larger.
-
- <Del> Deletes the character under the cursor.
-
- <Backspace> Deletes the character to the left of the cursor.
-
- <Home> Moves the cursor to the first character position
- in the Entry Area.
-
- <End> Moves the cursor to the end of the entered
- information.
-
- <Left> Moves the cursor one position to the left.
-
- <Right> Moves the cursor one position to the right.
-
- <Ctrl Y> Deletes all the Entry Area characters under and to
- the right of the cursor.
-
- The following commands are used when entering information into a
- group of Entry Areas:
-
- Command Key Effect
-
- <Enter>, or Move to the next Entry Area. If there is no next
- <Tab> Entry Area, then the group of Entry Areas are entered.
-
- <Shift Tab> Move to the previous Entry Area.
-
- <Ctrl Home> Move to the first Entry Area.
-
- <Ctrl End> Move to the last Entry Area.
-
- <Ctrl W>, or Enter the group of Entry Areas. This is like pressing
- <Ctrl E> <Enter> when on the last Entry Area
-
- <Esc> Abort the changes made in the Entry Areas. The exact
- effect of aborting will be determined by the
- particular group of Entry Areas.
-
- <Up> Move to the previous Entry Area.
-
- <Down> Move to the next Entry Area.
-
-
- Menu Selections
-
- Menus are used throughout Browse to choose from a list of available
- choices. When <Enter> is pressed, the highlighted choice is selected.
- Two types of menus exist in Browse. The first menu is present when Browse
- is initiated. For this menu, the following keys may be used to change
- the highlighted choice:
-
- Key Effect
-
- <Left> The highlighted choice moves one to the left.
-
- <Right> The highlighted choice moves one to the right.
-
- All other menus use the following keys to change the highlighted choice:
-
- Key Effect
-
- <Up> The highlighed choice moves up one.
-
- <Down> The highlighed choice moves down one.
-
- <Home> The top option becomes the highlighted choice.
-
- <End> The bottom option becomes the highlighted choice.
-
- <Esc> Aborts the menu.
-
- A - Z Pressing a letter or number highlights the next available
- option in the menu beginning with the character pressed.
-
-
- Scrolling
-
- Scrolling allows the user to browse through the database records.
-
- All scrolling is done relative to the current record.
-
- Page Down (Press <PgDn>)
-
- The Page Down command scrolls down one window of records. If the
- window contains one record, the next record will be displayed. If the
- window contains twenty records, the top record of the new window will
- contain the record after the last record of the old window screen. If
- all the records fit within the window, the Page Down command will cause
- the cursor to position itself at the last record.
-
- Page Up (Press <PgUp>)
-
- The Page Up command scrolls up one window of records; it has the
- opposite effect of the Page Down command.
-
- Down Arrow (Press <Down>)
-
- The Down Arrow command scrolls forward one record.
-
- Up Arrow (Press <Up>)
-
- The Up Arrow command scrolls backwards one record.
-
- Top (Press T)
-
- The Top command scrolls up to the first record.
-
- Bottom (Press B)
-
- The Bottom command scrolls down to the last record.
-
-
- The selected index file affects scrolling as it determines the
- "first", "next", "previous", and "last" record.
-
-
-
- Help (Press H)
-
- The Help option is one of the menu choices given in the main menu.
- When Help is selected, a window pops up which gives command keys which
- can be pressed. Each command key corresponds to an option which could
- be selected from a menu. Refer to Appendix F for a list of the
- command keys.
-
-
-
- Modify Menu
-
- Modify Record (Press M)
-
- The Modify Record command is used to modify the current record.
-
- Press <Enter> until the active entry area corresponds to the
- information to be modified. Then complete the modification press
- <Ctrl E> or <Ctrl W>.
-
- If <Esc> is pressed while modifying a record, the modifications
- of the entire record are aborted.
-
- Pressing another command key using the <Alt> key also completes the
- modification. In addition, it will initiate the command corresponding to
- the character entered.
-
-
- Delete Record (Press D)
-
- The Delete Record command flags the current record for deletion.
- An asterisk is displayed by the record to indicate that it is marked for
- deletion. Note that the records are not actually removed and that
- a serparate program or utility must be used to actually remove the records.
-
-
- Undelete Record (Press U)
-
- The Undelete Record command removes the record deletion mark. This
- reverses the effect of the Delete Record command.
-
-
- Add Blank (Press A)
-
- The Add Blank command takes a blank record and appends it to the
- end of the database file. After executing the command, the entry areas
- are highlighted. Press <Enter> to move through the entry areas, and when
- you press the last <Enter> or <Ctrl W>, the record is added and
- displayed in its proper position in the sorted index.
-
- If <Esc> is pressed while adding a record, the Add Blank command
- aborts and no record is added.
-
- Hint : Pressing <ALT A> when adding a record adds the record and
- starts adding a new record. This is useful when adding
- several records in a row.
-
-
- Add Copy (Press C)
-
- The Add Copy command is the same as the Add Blank command except
- the Add Copy command starts with a copy of the current record.
-
-
-
- Position Menu
-
- Record (Press R)
-
- The Record command locates a record by its record number. Records
- are numbered in the order they were added. For example, if there are 5
- records in the database, the last record added is record number 5.
-
- After initiating the Record command, enter the number of the
- record to be located. If the record number entered exists, the current
- record will become the entered record number. The total number of
- database records will be displayed at the bottom of the screen.
-
- If <Esc> is pressed rather than entering a record number, the
- current record is not changed.
-
- If the number entered is negative, the current record will not
- change. If real numbers are entered, the Record number will only look
- at the whole part of the number, not the fraction (ie. will truncate
- the remainder). Record numbers that are out of range will not cause
- the current record to change.
-
-
- Top (Press T)
-
- After initiating the Top command, the current record will become
- the top record, according to the sort of the index file.
-
-
- Bottom (Press B)
-
- After initiating the Bottom command, the current record will
- become the bottom record, according to the sort of the index file.
-
-
-
- Find Menu
-
- To locate a record quickly, the Find command uses an index file.
- If the database has several index files, the Select Record Ordering
- Index command determines which index file is used. The Select Record
- Ordering Index command also determines the order in which records are
- displayed.
-
- Find (Press F)
-
- The Find command locates a record using an index file.
-
- After initiating the Find command, a Find box appears in the
- middle of the screen. The index being used is given on the first line.
- A prompt requesting the find information appears on the next line.
-
- The information to be entered corresponds to the index file.
- For example, an index files might order a database according to
- the name of an individual. In this case, you would enter the
- name of the person to search for. It is not necessary to enter
- the complete search information or the completely correct
- search information. Browse will find the closest match it can.
-
- After the Find command is complted, the found record
- becomes the current record.
-
- Example:
-
- Entered Find Information --
-
- John
-
- Names in the database --
-
- Jackson
- Kerns
- Matheson
-
- The record with "Kerns" becomes the current record. This is the name
- after 'John'.
-
-
- Select Record Ordering Index (Press S)
-
- The Select Record Ordering Index command accesses a menu containing
- the index files of the database and the option "Record Number Ordering".
-
- Example Menu Contents:
-
- 1. Record Number Ordering
- 2. NAME.NDX
-
- In this case, the database only has the index file "NAME.NDX".
-
- The menu option corresponding to the current ordering option is
- initially selected. For example, if "NAME.NDX" was last selected, the
- next time the menu appears, it will be highlighted.
-
- If "Record Number Ordering" is selected, the database will be
- displayed in the order the records were intially entered. In addition,
- the first index file on the Select Record Ordering Index menu will be used
- by the Find commands.
-
- If an index file is selected, the database will be displayed in
- the order determined by the index file. In addition, that index file
- will be used by the Find command.
-
-
- Edit/Browse Switch
-
- The Edit/Browse option allows the user to switch between edit mode and
- browse mode. In the browse mode, the user can look at many records at one
- time and move freely among them. Note that if all of the record does not fit
- in the window, only a subset will be displayed. To see more of the records, you
- must select the Edit option. Under the Edit option, only one record is
- displayed at a time. The same commands are available with the edit option as
- with the browse option.
-
-
- Exiting Browse
-
- The Exit command (Press X) is used to exit Browse. Changes to the
- contents of the database and index files were made immediately after each
- record was modified or added. The records marked for deletion will
- remain marked and continue to exist in the database until the database
- file is packed. Consequently, the Exit command has no effect on the
- changes made to the database and index files.
-
-
-
- APPENDICES
-
-
- Appendix A - Compatibility
-
- Browse is a self contained database program. However, its
- database and index files are compatible with dBASE III, dBASE III PLUS
- and dBASE IV.
-
- Some dBASE databases contain "memo fields". Browse ignores "memo
- fields".
-
-
- Appendix B - Multiuser Requirements
-
- Any network which supports MS-DOS 3.0 (or higher) file sharing
- conventions.
-
- Examples:
-
- 1. Novell Advanced Net Ware.
- 2. IBM PC Network Program.
-
- Browse will detect the presence of the network and automatically
- use its multiuser capabilities. This means two workstations, both using
- Browse, can use the same database and index files at once.
-
-
- Appendix C - Error Messages
-
-
- 1. 120 Opening File
-
- This problem is usually caused by specifying a file which does
- not exist. If an improper .dbf file is specified, Browse is
- terminated, and control is returned to DOS. If improper index
- files are specified, the rightmost .ndx file which is correctly
- specified is used as the master index. If all the index files
- are incorrectly specified, record number ordering will be used.
-
- 2. Illegal Date
-
- An illegal date error occurs when a date is entered that does not
- have the proper month specification. The user must correctly change the
- month to a proper one, or press <Esc> to abort the entry.
-
- 3. Record Not Found
-
- An error message is given when the find information was not found.
- This occurs only if there are no records after the find information.
-
-
- Appendix D - Summary of Commands
-
-
- The commands can also be initiated by pressing the command key
- along with the <ALT> key.
-
- Command Name Command Key Description
-
- Add Blank A Add a blank record
- Bottom B Move to the bottom
- database record
- Add Copy C Add a record by copying
- the current record.
- Delete Record D Mark the current record
- for deletion
- Edit E Switch to the edit
- screen if possible
- Find F Find a record
- Help H Display the help screen
- Modify Record M Modify the current record
- Record R Enter a record to move to
- Select Record Ordering Index S Select a record ordering
- index
- Top T Move to the top database
- record
- Undelete Record U Remove the deletion mark
- from the current record
- Browse Z Switch to the browse
- screen if possible
- Exit X Exit
- Page Up <Pg Up> Move up one screen of
- records
- Page Down <Pg Dn> Move down one screen of
- records
- Up <Up> Move to the next record
- Down <Down> Move to the previous record
-
-