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~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ USA/FLT United Software Association USA/FLT Fairlight PC Division Proudly Presents Shogi Master Dox From Ishi Press International ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ QUICK STARTING SHOGI MASTER ~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~ Shogi Master includes two disks: one 5-1/4 inch floppy and one 3-1/2 inch floppy. Use either the 5-1/4 inch disk or the 3-1/2 inch disk, depending on your system's configuration. Before you attempt to install Shogi Master on your hard disk drive, be sure to make back-up copies of your floppy disks. To install Shogi Master onto your system: 1. Insert your program disk into drive A. 2. Type: INSTALL and press Enter. Shogi Master is now installed on your system. To run the program, use the following procedure: 4. Boot your system. 5. Type: CD \ SHOGI and press Enter. 6. Type: SHOGI and press Enter. 7. You will first see an introductory screen. Press any key until you reach the setup screen. The setup screen allows you to configure Shogi Master so that it works best with your system. For more information on setup options, refer to the section on how to play Shogi Master. 8. To select the default settings and begin a game, hit the F7 key to begin play. 9. To make a move, select one of your pieces with the mouse or cursor controls and hit Enter. Then, in the same way, select the square you want to move to. Page 3 TABLE OF CONTENTS Quick Starting Shogi Master................... 3 Introduction.................................. 5 About Shogi................................... 6 Shogi Today............................... 7 Shogi Equipment........................... 7 Boards................................ 7 Pieces................................ 9 Komadai............................... 10 How to Play Shogi............................. 11 The Board................................. 11 Initial Set Up............................ 12 The Pieces and Their Movements............ 12 Captures.................................. 14 Drops..................................... 14 Promotion................................. 15 Handicaps................................. 15 Drawn Games............................... 16 Shogi Notation........................... 17 Shogi Master.................................. 18 Installation.............................. 18 How to Prepare Shogi Master for Play...... 19 Options Menu.......................... 20 Setup Menu............................ 21 Read File Menu........................ 22 View Game Menu........................ 22 Playing Shogi............................. 24 Play Menu............................. 25 End Game Menu......................... 26 Page 4 INTRODUCTION If you enjoy a good game of Chess, Shogi will seem very familiar to you. But this traditional Japanese strategy game adds another dimension that will challenge even experienced Chess players. With more than 15 million enthusiasts, Shogi is one of the most popular variants of Chess in the world and the most popular board game in Japan. Shogi Master brings you this fascinating game on computer, so it is easier to learn the game. Finding a playing partner will never be a problem again. Shogi Master is a powerful computer Shogi program that can serve as both a tutor for beginning players and a tough opponent for experienced players. Its six different levels of play let you adjust the game to your level. Or you can record and study shogi games. All you need to become your own Shogi master is the Shogi Master program and an IBM PC computer or compatible with 512K of RAM. If you are already familiar with the game, or simply wish to jump in and begin playing immediately, refer to the "Quick Start" section at the beginning of this manual. For more detailed information on how to play Shogi, along with a complete explanation of all the rules of the game, refer to the appropriate sections in this manual. You will also find a complete explanation of how to use the program, plus background information on the game and its traditions. Page 5 ABOUT SHOGI Shogi is often compared to Chess, and in fact, Shogi and Chess share a common ancestor. But Shogi's rule allowing the reuse of captured pieces, or "dropping," gives the game a special twist not found in its Western counterpart. Some believe the ancestor to Shogi originated in India, while others say the game has its roots in China. In any case, two variants of the game spread first to Korea and then to Japan, arriving there in early Heian times (eighth century). One version was played with 36 pieces, while the other used 68. By the late Heian period, promotions were incorporated and around 1350 dropping was added. Shogi first became popular among Japan's ruling families during Muromachi times and continued to gain a following among the country's military leaders during the Sengoku period. Later, under Tokugawa Ieyasu, Shogi received official sanction. In 1612, Ieyasu established the Board of Shogi, which paid annual stipends to the leading players, creating a class of professional Shogi players. These players (and their descendants) devoted themselves to the study of Shogi. As part of their commitment, each year throughout the Edo period, on November 17, they gathered at Edo Palace for the Shogun's ceremonial "Castle" games. Shogi continued to enjoy official support until the Meiji Restoration of 1868. But while the restoration ended the Shogi masters' stipends, it also ushered in the country's first newspapers, which took a strong interest in Shogi. By the end of the 19th century, these had begun to sponsor many Shogi professionals, picking up where the Shogun had left off. Page 6 Shogi Today Today the Japanese Shogi Federation controls professional play. In Japan, professional tournaments are media events. Some 124 professional Shogi players make their living by competing in tournaments, writing books and articles for newspapers and magazines, and teaching amateur players. There are seven major newspaper-sponsored tournaments in Japan and a host of smaller events. Most of these tournaments are annual events in which the rounds are held throughout the year to determine the challenger, and finally the champion. The amount of prize money paid to tournament winners can be hundreds of thousands of dollars for the most prestigious events. But whether they win or lose, participants are paid a match fee for each game played. The exact amount is determined by the player's rank and the number of games won. Only professionals affiliated with the Japan Shogi Federation who are ranked 4-dan or higher may compete in tournaments. A complicated system of preliminary matches determines who will challenge the tournament's current title holder. These two then play a match of five to seven games to determine the year's champion. Shogi Equipment In Japan, the making of Shogi boards and pieces is a well- regarded art. The type of wood selected, its grain and the methods used in construction all help determine the value of a set. To truly appreciate the game from the Japanese perspective, the player needs to study the game's equipment, as well as its strategies. Boards The most common wood used in board making is katsura, but boards are also made from Alaskan spruce, rosewood, mulberry, cherry, keyaki and others. Page 7 Kaya, however, is considered to be the best wood because of its durability, rich texture, pleasant resonance and bright color. And unlike some woods, it retains most of these qualities as it ages. One of the reasons so much emphasis is put on the material is because even though only a small amount of wood is used, it must be made from a single, solid block. This means the wood must come from a thick bole. This requires a kaya tree 400 to 500 years old, and preferably 800 to 1000 years old. Add to this the fact that, to avoid knots, only the bole below the first branch is used. With so many restrictions, each kaya tree can produce only about 70 boards. It's no wonder they are highly prized. Although the craftsman tries to maximize the number of boards cut from each tree, the resulting grain patterns effect the quality and desirability of the final product. A straight grain is called masame, while a curved grain is called itame. A straight grain is superior because it reduces warp and has better eye appeal. After cutting, the wood block is planed and coated with vegetable wax, which both shines the board and prevents surface cracks. Black lacquer lines are a plied using either a roller, a metal or bamboo spatula, a rat's whisker brush or a special knife. The artisan marks the four points showing the promotion zones by cutting a twig to a point, coating the point with lacquer and dropping tiny blobs onto the points. The finished board then receives another coat of wax. A small depression on the underside of the board is known as a navel, or chitamari (blood receptacle). Its purpose is shrouded in mystery. Some believe it is connected with a certain type of Shogi table leg that is fashioned after a gardenia, or Kuchinashi flower. Others have argued that because kuchinashi also means "mouthless," that it is a warning to spectators not to comment on the game. Others maintain that it simply helps to prevent warps or increase the board's resonance. Page 8 There are four types of legs: kuriashi (scoop legs), namiashi (ordinary legs), nekoashi (cat's paw legs) and wakuashi (trunk legs). Kuriashi and namiashi legs look very similar, but namiashi legs have a softer, flatter base and softer petal edges. The namiashi's hexagonal flower shape and octagonal legs are considered to be inferior to the kuriashi. While the legs may be very elaborate, Shogi boards are typically very plain. In most cases, decorating a Shogi board actually detracts from its natural beauty. The only exception might be if the decoration has some special significance to the individual owner. For example, a board signed on the bottom by a well-known player or board maker might enhance its value. Like any fine piece of workmanship, a good Shogi board should be well cared for. The top should be cleaned periodically with a soft cloth, and it should be kept covered and away from sunlight, heat, cold and moisture. Pieces The best Shogi pieces are usually made of wood, but less expensive pieces are also made from plastic. The type of wood used in making a playing piece is as important as it is for the board itsell Ideally, its color should complement that of the board. Kaya boards are frequently matched with boxwood pieces. Boxwood is popular for its wear resistance, as well as its color. Other favored woods are camellia, Chinese black pine and willow. As with boards, the grain is very important. However, unlike boards, a straight grain is not as desirable as a torafu, or "tiger stripe" grain, which has thick, wavy reddish lines. Pieces are also valued based on the method used to apply the name of the piece and on the quality of the script. For less elaborate sets, the name may be stamped on or applied with a Page 9 brush and lacquer. Another alternative is to engrave the name either by machine or hand. But a more expensive technique is to fill the engraved area with lacquer until it is flush with the surface. This technique is called horizeme, or togidashi. For the true connoisseur, however, the names must be applied with the moriage method. Similar to the horizeme technique, with moriage, the engraved area is filled in repeatedly with lacquer until it is raised above the surface of the piece. A number of different scripts are used in labelling Shogi pieces, ranging from the very plain to the highly stylized. Today, the most popular styles are called Minase and Kinki. Minase dates back to ancient times, while Kinki first came into use during the reign of Emperor Gomizuno-o, who ruled from 1611 to 1629. Naturally the reputation of the maker also affects the value of the pieces, and often craftsmen engrave their names on the base of one of the kings. They may also write the name of the sclipt used on the second king. Komadai Komadai are one-legged stands used to hold captured pieces. Komadai were not invented until late in the Meiji era. Before the their introduction, captured pieces were laid on a fan or a paper handkerchief. The preferred material for komadai is mulberry or rosewood although they are often made from the same wood as the board. Page 10 HOW TO PLAY SHOGI Shogi is the Japanese variant of Chess, and as in Chess, Shogi is won by checkmating the enemy king. The king is checkmated when it cannot avoid being captured on the next move. Draws occur very rarely. Each player starts with twenty pieces. Although there are no color or design differences in the pieces used in Shogi, the player making the first move is called black and the other player is referred to as white. Both players alternate making their moves until the game ends. The Board Shogi is played on a board with 81 squares arranged in nine horizontal rows, called ranks, and nine vertical rows, called files. The files are numbered from left to right and the ranks are lettered from top to bottom, starting with "a." This allows each square to be uniquely named. For example, the central square is "5e." Page 11 Initial Set Up All of black's pieces point toward the enemy camp at the top of the board (the direction of their movement), while the white pieces point toward the black camp. The Pieces and Their Movements Each player has 20 pieces consisting of eight different types. Six types may promote when entering the last three ranks (the opponent's camp). The pieces and their moves are as follows: KING - moves one space in any direction. It is legal to move the king into check, but loss of the king means loss of game. Kings cannot promote. GOLD GENERAL - moves one space straight ahead, diagonally forward, left, right or straight back. Page 12 Note that it cannot move diagonally back. Gold generals cannot promote. SILVER GENERAL - moves one space straight ahead, diagonally forward or diagonally back. When a silver general promotes, it moves like a gold general. KNIGHT - jumps two spaces forward and one space to the left or right. It cannot be blocked, nor can it move backward. In Shogi, a knight may not move one space forward and two spaces left or right. A promoted knight moves like a gold general. LANCE - moves any number of unobstructed spaces forward. It cannot move backward. A promoted lance moves like a gold general. PAWN - moves one space forward only, capturing in the same way. A promoted pawn moves like a gold general. Page 13 ROOK - moves any number of unobstructed spaces left, right, forward or backward. When a rook promotes, it retains the same movement ability, or it may now move one space diagonally forward or backward. BISHOP - moves any number of unobstructed spaces diagonally forward or backward. When a bishop promotes, it retains the same movement ability, or it may move one space forward, backward, left or right. Captures An enemy piece can be captured by moving your own piece to the square occupied by the piece you want to capture. The captured piece is removed and placed to the right of the board in full view. The captured piece is said to be "in hand." You may not capture your own pieces. Drops In Shogi, no piece is permanently removed from play. A captured piece may be "dropped" back into play at any time. Instead of moving a piece on the board, a player may elect to use Page 14 as his own, it its unpromoted state, any one of the pieces he has captured, by dropping it onto an empty square. Note the following restrictions on drops: - A piece may not be dropped onto a square where it would have no legal move. That is, a pawn or a lance may not be dropped on the last rank, and knights may not be dropped on the last two ranks. Note that you may drop a pawn on your first or second rank. - A pawn may not be dropped onto a file containing an unpromoted friendly pawn. - A pawn may not be dropped to give immediate checkmate. Promotion At the end of any move (but not a drop) beginning or ending in the enemy camp, certain pieces may promote. Promotions are explained in the section, "The Pieces and Their Movements." Upon promotion the piece is turned over and makes its subsequent moves in its promoted form. Once a piece has promoted, it remains promoted until captured. Promotion is optional, except that if a piece is moved to a square where it will not have a legal move, it must promote. For example, a lance or a pawn entering the last rank, or a knight entering the last two ranks, would not be able to move. In this case, they must promote. Compare this with the first restriction on dropping. Kings and gold generals do not promote. Handicaps The following is the progressive handicap system for Shogi. The stronger player takes white. 1. White removes his left lance. 2. White removes his bishop. 3. White removes his rook. Page 15 4. White removes his rook and left lance. 5. White removes his rook and bishop. 6. White removes his rook, bishop and both lances. 7. White removes his rook, bishop, lances, and both knights. After white removes his piece or pieces, he makes the first move. Note that the white pieces are removed from play completely and may not be dropped by either player. Drawn Games There are two ways to draw in Shogi: repetition (sennichi-te) and impasse (jishogi). Draws in actual play are unusual. A repetition occurs if the same sequence of moves is repeated three times. In this case, the game is declared a "no contest" and is usually replayed with the colors reversed. The game may also be treated as a draw with each player receiving half a point each. The only exception to this rule is if the sequence puts one player in repetitive check so that player must respond with the same move sequence each time to protect his king. In these cases, the player who initiates the sequence must, on the third repetition, vary his move or forfeit the game. In an impasse situation, both players have advanced their kings into the enemy camp so that checkmating either king becomes impossible. Both players must first agree that they have reached an impasse. At this point the game ends and the value of each player's remaining pieces is totalled. Rooks and bishops are worth five points each, while all other pieces except kings are valued at one point each. Kings and promotions are ignored. A player with less than 24 points loses. If both players have at least 24 points, the game is declared a "no contest." Page 16 Shogi Notation The notation used in Shogi Master to indicate the movement of pieces is the same as that used internationally to record games. In a Shogi diagram, files (vertical rows) are numbered from I to 9, starting from the right, while ranks (horizontal rows) are labelled from "a" to "i," starting from the top. A square is referred to by the combination of file number and rank letter corresponding to its location. For example, at the beginning of a game, Black's rook is located on square 2h and White's on 8b. Promoted pieces are labelled with a plus sign. For example "+R" represents a promoted rook. Three symbols are used to denote moves. A hyphen or dash means a move on the board with a capture. An asterisk indicates a drop, and an "x" signifies a capture. For example, P-7f means a pawn is moved to 7f. P*7f shows that a pawn in hand is dropped onto 7f. Px7f represents a pawn (on 7e) captures an enemy piece on7f. When two or more identical pieces could move to the same square, the piece is identified by the square it currently occupies. (Shogi Master always shows the original square.) For example, G4i-5h means the gold on the king's right is moved in front of the king. A plus sign after the move indicates promotion. For example, R-2c+ shows that the rook just moved to square 2c was promoted at the end of the move. In the same way, when a piece could be promoted but is not, an equal sign is used. Moves are numbered as in Chess, except that Black's move is given first. So, 1. P-2f P-3d means that Black moves the pawn on his rook's file,while White moves the pawn on 3c, opening his bishop's diagonal. Page 17 SHOGI MASTER This section is divided into three parts. Part one gives instructions on how to install and run Shogi Master on your IBM PC. Part two describes how to set up Shogi Master options, and part three tells you how to play ia game. Installation Shogi Master includes two disks: a 5-1/4 inch floppy and a 3- 1/2 inch floppy. You can use these to install Shogi Master on your hard disk, or you may run the program on a floppy disk drive system. The following sections provide instructions for each type of system. NOTE: Before you attempt to install Shogi Master on your hard disk drive or to run the program from the floppy drives, be sure to make back-up copies of your floppy disks. Store the original disks in a safe place. Installing Shogi Master On Your Hard Disk If your system is equipped with a hard disk, you will want to install Shogi Master on the hard disk for easier access. You can accomplish this by copying either the 5-1/4-inch disk or the 3-1/2 inch disk, depending on your system's configuration, onto your hard disk. 1. Insert your program disk into drive A. 2. Type: INSTALL and press enter. Shogi Master is now installed on your system. To run the program, use the following procedure: 4. Boot your system. Page 18 5. Type: CD \ SHOG I and press enter. 6. Type: SHOGI and press enter. Running from a Floppy Disk System You can also run Shogi Master on your floppy disk drive system. Use the following procedure: 1. Boot your system. 2. Insert the backup copy of Shogi Master in drive A. 3. Type: SHOGI and press enter. How to Prepare Shogi Master for Play Once you have familiarized yourself with the basic rules of Shogi, you can begin playing Shogi Master immediately. To simplify play even further, Shogi Master includes an on-line help feature designed to provide quick answers to your questions as you play. This section explains how to use each of the major features of the program. After you initialize your system and load Shogi Master into memory, you will see the title page. Press any key to continue until you reach the setup screen. The setup screen is divided into two separate menus: one in the upper right-hand corner (options menu) and one in the lower left-hand comer (setup m*enu). Each of these menus is described in the following sections. NOTE: No matter where you are in the program, you can always make a menu selection by either pointing to the option you want with the mouse, or pressing the function key indicated, or you may type the first letter of the option. F1 always brings up a help screen and F10 always allows you to exit the program. On some menus, one or more of the options may not be available at some times. In those cases, the unavailable menu items will not be displayed. The setup screen allows you to choose options for how the computer will play Shogi with you. You can also choose to view a previously recorded Shogi game. Page 19 Options Menu The upper right-hand box is called the options menu. Highlight the option you wish to modify by pointing to it with the mouse or the up and down arrow keys. You can view all possible values for an option in any one of several ways: press the left or right mouse button, the left or rig4t arrow keys, the F2 and F3 function keys, or type the first letter of the value. Whichever value is displayed is the one that will be activated during play. Graphics Type. The graphics type option lets you specify the type of graphics card you have installed. Choose the card type that most closely matches the one installed in your own system from the list of options presented by the program. Handicap. White always plays with the handicap, if any, to give Black the advantage. So White gives up the appropriate pieces required to balance out play. Select the desired handicap from the list shown. Handicaps are listed in ascending order with "even" being no handicap and "six pieces" being the greatest. Computer Plays. YOu may assign the computer to play White, Black or both or neither. Since Black always moves first, whoever takes Black automatically has a slight advantage. Playing Level. The higher the number selected, the more difficult the computer opponent will be. However, it will take longer to makes its decisions. The default level is 1. White Plays from the: This option determines on which half of the board White will start. Select either "top" or bottom." Style. Style allows you to choose whether the symbols on the playing pieces are written in English or Japanese characters. Show Coordinates. You can choose to display the coordinates for each rank and file during play by selecting "Yes" or "No." This is Page 20 helpful for studying games recorded in magazines or books. The notations used to label each square are described in the section "Shogi Notation." Sound.This allows you to turn the sound on or off. Mouse. You can activate or deactivate your system's mouse with this menu option. However, when the mouse is turned off, you must use either the function keys or cursor keys to make menu selections. Replay Speed. Reviewing a game is a helpful way to study Shogi. This option allows you to select the speed at which the moves are replayed: slow, medium or fast. Skip Intro Screens. This option lets you skip the opening screens. Setup Menu The lower left-hand box on the setup screen gives you access to Shogi Master's many features. Each of these options is described in the order it appears on the menu. Setup Help Fl. When you press the Fl function key, a help screen appears that explains how to configure the program. Previous Choice F2/Next Choice F3. These two function keys provide an alternate way to select items on the options menu. You may also use the arrow keys. Save Setup F4. This option saves the setup choices you made on the options menu. When you restart the program from DOS, it will initialize the choices to those last-saved. Restore Game F5. If you have saved a game that you later want to restart, select restore game. The program will read a game file from disk (see Read File Menu). Then it will allow you to begin play where you left off. Page 21 View Game F6. This option allows you to review a previously- recorded game. The program will read a game file from disk (see Read File Menu). When the game has been loaded, it will allow you to view it (see View Game Menu). Play New Game F7. This option starts a game of Shogi. Resume Play F9. This option allows you to return to a game in progress. Quit to DOS FIO. Allows you to exit to DOS. Read File Menu Whenever you restore or view a game, the program first displays a list of all files in the current directory with extension .SHO. You can choose to read any of these files by selecting one of them with the mouse or cursor controls. You can also type in any file name you wish (followed by Enter). Directory F2. Allows you to change the disk and/or directory to be displayed. Delete File F4. This will delete the file that is currently selected on the list of files displayed. Previous Menu F9. This returns you to the menu from which you selected the Read File Menu. Quit FIO. Lets you exit to DOS. View Game Menu The View Game capability is useful for reviewing the games you have played, or for studying prerecorded games. Several of these are included on your disk. Any comments recorded with the game record will also by shown. Since you can begin playing a recorded game at any move, you can try alternate strategies. Page 22 When you select View Game, the program first displays a list of all files in the current directory with the extension SHO. You can then choose to read any of these files by selecting one of them with the mouse or cursor controls. You can also type in any file name you wish, followed by Enter. After you have selected a file to view, Shogi Master will display a message indicating the file has been loaded successfully, and will ask you to press any key to continue. Shogi Master then displays the game you selected as it appeared before the first move was made. Use the play menu options below to review the game. Help Fl. Provides help on how to use the View Game option. Next Move F2. Shows the next move. Previous Move F3. Backs up one move. English/Japanese Pieces F4. Allows you to toggle between English and Japanese style characters to label the playing pieces. First Move F5. Backs up to the first move in the game record. Last Move F6. Continues to the last recorded move. Auto/Stop Replay F7. Shows the moves at a fixed rate/stops showing moves at a fixed rate. The move interval can be set in the Options Menu. You can also interrupt Auto/Stop Replay by pressing the Escape key. Resume Play F8. Starts playing the game from the current recorded move. Which side(s) the computer takes, playing level, and other options are as currently set by the Options Menu. Setup Screen F9. Returns to the setup screen. Quit FIO. Lets you exit to DOS. Page 23 Playing Shogi There are three ways to begin playing Shogi: press the F7 function key, press the Enter key, or use the mouse to point and click on the play new game option. The game screen will appear and you can begin a game,. The right-hand portion of the screen displays a game board. Whenever you begin a new game, the pieces will be arranged in their starting positions, with either Japanese or English characters and any handicaps, based on the selections you made at the setup screen. To move a piece, you may use either the arrow keys or mouse. To move a piece using the arrow keys, first position the cursor arrow on the piece you want to move. Press the Enter key to "lock" onto that piece. Then use the arrow keys to point to the new square and press the Enter key again to position the piece on the new square. To move a piece using the mouse, first point to the piece you wish to move and click the mouse button. Then move the cursor to the new location and click the mouse button again. If you try to select a square to which you may not move, the program will tell you that it is an illegal move. The piece you were trying to move will be unselected in case you want to move an entirely different piece. If your move ends in the enemy camp and you have not yet promoted the moving piece, the program will ask you if you want to promote it. The left-hand portion of the screen is divided into four boxes. The top box is the Black player's hand (komadai), used to hold captured pieces. The next box displays various messages and prompts during play. Use the Pg Up and Pg Dn keys to scroll through the message box. Beneath the message box is another box, which initially displays a Shogi character. Underneath it, however, is the play menu,which can be uncovered by dragging the mouse onto it, or by pressing the space bar. The bottom box is the White player's hand. You can reverse the location of Black and White with the Rotate Board option. Page 24 If you want to drop a piece that is in your hand, first select it using the mouse or the cursor controls. Then select the square on which you want to drop the piece. Of course, you may only drop a piece that you have captured and have in hand. The Play Menu Identify Piece F2. This option serves to help you remember the name of each piece and its movement abilities. To identify a piece, first point and click on it with the mouse, or use the arrow keys to point to it, then hit F2. Shogi Master will show you the English name of the piece and a diagram of its legal moves. Rotate Board F3. It may sometimes be helpful to view your situation from the reverse direction.This option allows you to turn the board 180 degrees. This is often useful when there are two human players. English/Japanese Pieces F4. This option allows you to toggle between English and Japanese labels for the playing pieces. Retract Move F5. Lets you change your mind and retract a move. (When playing against another person it is generally considered impolite to take back one of your moves.) If the computer has already made its move, both players' moves will be removed from the board. Show/Hide Coordinates F6. As with the "show coordinates" option on the options menu, you can choose to display or "hide" the labels given to each square on the board. End Game F7. Whether you have completed a game or not, you may discontinue play at any time. Selecting the end game option displays the end game menu. (See End Game menu.) Save Game F8. Saves the game you are currently playing. The program will ask you what name you want to save the game file under. You may use any legal file name, but the default extension is SHO. Page 25 Setup Menu F9. Returns you to the setup menu. Quit to DOS F 1 0. Allows you to exit to DOS. End Game Menu Help Fl. Provides help screens for scoring and recording your game. Draw F2. Allows you to end the game and record it as a draw. After a draw, you can review the game, play a new game, save the Resign F3. Allows you to concede the game to your opponent without playing out the final moves. After resigning, you can review the game, play a new game, save the current game, return to the Setup menu or quit to Dos. Setup Menu F4. Returns you to the setup screen. View Game F6. Allows you to view the game you have just played from the beginning. (See View Game Menu.) Play New Game F7. This option allows you to start a new game. Save Game F8. Saves the current game. Resume Play F9. Lets you return to the game in progress. Quit to DOS FIO. Allows you to exit to DOS. Page 26