<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-text value="visible">You can choose among various operators to structure your <span style="font-weight:bold;">OpenOffice.org Math</span> formula. All available operators appear in the lower part of the Selection window.</help:help-text> They are also listed in the <help:popup Id="65630" Eid="kontextmenue">context menu</help:popup> of the <span style="font-weight:bold;">Commands</span> window. All operators not contained in the Selection window or in the context menu must be entered manually in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph">Following is a list of the available operators. An icon next to the operator name indicates that it can be accessed via the Selection window (choose <span class="T1">View - Selection</span>) or via the context menu of the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Head3">Operator Functions:</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_LIMX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="limes; from x" tag="kw67309_22" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts the limes character with a placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">lim <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_SUMX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="sum" tag="kw67309_21" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a sum symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">sum <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_PRODX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="product" tag="kw67309_20" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a <span class="T1">product sign</span> with a placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">prod <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_COPRODX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="coproduct" tag="kw67309_19" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a <span class="T1">coproduct symbol</span> with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">coprod <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_FROMXTOY" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="upper and lower limits" tag="kw67309_18" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="limits; upper and lower" tag="kw67309_17" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a range statement <span class="T1">upper and lower limit</span> for integral and sum with a placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter<span class="T1"> from{<?>} to{<?>} <?></span> directly in the Commands window. Limit statements can only be used with the suited operators such as sum from{<?>} to{<?>} <?>. The limits will be centered above/below the sum character.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_INTX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="integrals; simple" tag="kw67309_16" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts an <span class="T1">integral</span> symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">int <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_IINTX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="integrals; double" tag="kw67309_15" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a <span class="T1">double integral</span> symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">iint <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_IIINTX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="integral; triple" tag="kw67309_14" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts <span class="T1">a triple integral</span> symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">iiint <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_FROMX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="lower limit" tag="kw67309_13" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="limits; lower" tag="kw67309_12" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts the range statement <span class="T1">lower limit</span> for integral and sum with placeholders.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">from {<?>}<?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_LINTX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="curve integrals; simple" tag="kw67309_11" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a <span class="T1">curve integral</span> symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">lint <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_LLINTX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="curve integrals; double" tag="kw67309_10" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a <span class="T1">double curve integral</span> symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">llint <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_LLLINTX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="curve integrals; triple" tag="kw67309_9" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts a <span class="T1">triple curve integral</span> symbol with one placeholder.</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">lllint <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:help-id value="HID_SMA_TOX" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="upper limit" tag="kw67309_8" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="limits; upper" tag="kw67309_7" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:help-text value="visible" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Inserts the range statement <span class="T1">upper limit</span> for integral and sum with placeholders</help:help-text> You can also enter <span class="T1">to <?><?></span> directly in the Commands window. Limit statements can only be used if related with the appropriate operators.</p>
<p class="Paragraph">Or you can supply an operator, e.g. an integral, with limits (placeholders); this is faster than entering the command in the Commands window. Click the desired integral and then the symbol for the limits.</p>
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<p class="Paragraph"/>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="limes; inferior" tag="kw67309_6" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/>Inserts the <span class="T1">limes inferior</span> with placeholder. You can also enter <span class="T1">liminf <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="limes; superior" tag="kw67309_5" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/>Inserts the <span class="T1">Limes superior</span> with placeholder. You can also enter <span class="T1">limsup <?></span> directly in the Commands window.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="operators; user-defined operators" tag="kw67309_4" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/><help:key-word value="user-defined; operators" tag="kw67309_3" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/>By entering <span class="T1">oper</span> in the Commands window, you can insert <span class="T1">user-defined operators</span> in OpenOffice.org Math, a feature useful for incorporating special characters in a formula. Such an entry could be <span class="T1">oper %theta x</span>. Using the <span class="T1">oper</span> command, you can also insert characters not in the default OpenOffice.org character set. <span class="T1">oper</span> can also be used in connection with limits, e.g. <span class="T1">oper %union from {i=1} to n x_{i}</span>. In this example, the union symbol is indicated by the name <span class="T1">union</span>. However, this is not one of the predefined symbols. To define it yourself, choose <span class="T1">Tools - Symbols - Catalog</span>. Click the <span class="T1">Edit</span> button in the dialog that appears, then select <span class="T1">Special</span> as symbol set. Enter a meaningful name in the <span class="T1">Symbol</span> text box, e.g. "union" and then click the union symbol in the set of symbols. Click <span class="T1">Add</span> and then <span class="T1">OK</span>. Click <span class="T1">OK</span> to close the <span class="T1">Symbols</span> dialog, too. You are now finished and can enter the union symbol in the Commands window, by entering <span class="T1">oper %union</span> etc.</p>
<p class="Paragraph"><help:key-word value="limits; special arragement" tag="kw67309_2" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"/>Limits can be arranged in ways other than centered above/below the operator. Use the options provided by OpenOffice.org Math for working with superscript and subscript indexes. For example, enter <span class="T1">sum_a^b c</span> in the Commands window to arrange the limits to the right of the sum symbol. If your limit entries contain longer expressions, you must put them in group brackets, e.g. sum_{i=1}^{2*n} b. By the way, when formulas are imported from older versions this is done automatically. To change the spacing (gaps) between the characters choose <span class="T1">Format - Spacing - Category - </span><help:link Id="67342" Eid="indizes" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"><span class="T1">Indexes</span></help:link> or <span class="T1">Format - Spacing - Category - </span><help:link Id="67342" Eid="grenzen" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help"><span class="T1">Limits</span></help:link>. Additional basic information about indexes is given elsewhere in the <help:link Id="67300" xmlns:help="http://openoffice.org/2000/help">Help</help:link>.</p>
<p class="Paragraph">When you enter information manually in the Commands window, note that a number of operators require spaces for correct structure. This is especially true when your operators are supplied with values instead of placeholders, e.g. lim a_{n}=a.</p>
