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E.1    NCSA Telnet


Key-mapping    E.1


National Center for Supercomputing Applications


June 1991




June 1991





Appendix  E    Key-mapping



Overview
NCSA Telnet for the PC incorporates many of the key-mapping
elements found in the MS-Kermit program. Because of this
adaptation, we've included the following Appendix, which except
for minor changes, contains excerpts that appear exactly as they
did in the MS-Kermit documentation. Copyright information
granting the use of this segment is cited below.


Copyright Information
Copyright (C)  1981, 1988
Trustees of Columbia University in the City of New York

Permission is granted to any individual or institution to use, copy,
or redistribute this document so long as it is not sold for profit, and
provided this copyright notice is retained.


Kermit Verb Usage
NCSA Telnet contains a subset of the Kermit verbs listed below.
Kermit verbs with a star are supported while unmarked verbs will
cause an error if they are in a keyboard mapping file. Also
included is a utility from the MS-Kermit 2.32 distribution which
will determine what the actual kermit key code is for any
combination of keys. Use this in the telnet keyboard mapping file
as the code to map from. See the telnet.key file included with this
release for an example keyboard mapping file.

NCSA Telnet does not support the extended SET KEY options such
as:

SET KEY ON, SET KEY OFF, or SET KEY CLEAR

Also, it is impossible to map the ALT+alphabetical keys to
anything with the keyboard mapping interface. NCSA Telnet traps
these internally before they actually reach the mapping interface.


Set Key

Syntax
SET KEY key-specified {key-definition}


Uses of SET KEY
Ñ    You're used to having the ESC key in the upper-left corner of the
keyboard, but your new PC keyboard has an accent grave (" ' ")
key there. You can use SET KEY to make the accent key
transmit an ESC, and you can assign accent grave to some other
key.

Ñ    You send a lot of electronic mail, and always sign it the same
way. You can put your "signature" on a single key to save
yourself a lot of repetitive typing.

Ñ    You must set up your PC's function keys or numeric keypad to
work properly with a host application.

The SET KEY command does these things and more, while SHOW
KEY gives us assistance. A key can be defined to:

Ñ    send a single character other than what it would normally send
Ñ    send a string of multiple characters
Ñ    send itself again

SET KEY specifies that when you press the designated key during
terminal emulation, the specified character or string is sent or the
specified Kermit action verb is performed.

Using the SET KEY command, you create a key-specifier. The
key-specifier is the identification of the key expressed in system-
dependent terms. This key can be a letter, such as Q for the key
which produces an uppercase Q, or the numeric ASCII value of the
letter in backslash notation (e.g., "\81"), or else the numerical
"scan code: observed by the system when the key is pressed (e.g.,
"\3856" for CTRL-ALT-SHIFT-Q on an IBM PC). Material
printed on keycaps is not necessarily a guide to what the key-
specifier should be.

A string definition is one or more characters, including 8-bit
values expressed in backslash form, such as

SET KEY    \315 directory\13    IBM F1 key sends
        "directory<cr>"

SET KEY    S  X    S key sends upper case X
        (a mean trick)

SET KEY    T  \27 [m    T key sends three bytes:
            ESC, [, m

SET KEY    \2336  {del } xxx    ALT-D sends "del"
SET KEY    \324  \Kexit    F10 escapes back to Kermit-MS>
        prompt.

The string begins with the first non-spacing character following
the key identification and continues until the end of line,
exclusive of any trailing spaces. You can use curly braces, {...}
can be used to delimit the string in case you want the definition to
include trailing spaces. The program ignores all text after the
closing bracket.

This manual does not contain a list of all the scan codes for all the
keys on all the keyboards on all the PCs supported by NCSA Telnet.
In order to obtain the scancode for a key, you must use the scanchek
utility.


Kermit Action Verbs

An action verb is the shorthand expression for a named Kermit
procedure, such as "generate the proper sequence for a left arrow,"
"show status," "send a BREAK," and others; verbs are complex
actions and each verb has a name. In a key definition precede the
verb name by a backslash K (\K) to avoid being confused with a
string. You cannot assign verbs and strings together on a key.

Entering the commands:

SET KEY \331 \Klfarr
SET KEY \2349 \Kexit

makes the IBM keyboard left arrow key execute the verb named
lfarr, which sends the proper escape sequence for a VT102 left
arrow key (which changes depending on the internal state of the
VT102). The leading \K identifies the definition as a Kermit verb,
so no string can start as \K or as \{K in upper or lower case (use
\92K). The second example has ALT-X invoking the Leave-
Connect-Mode verb "exit" (same as Kermit escape  character "^]"
followed by C).

Each system has its own list of verbs and predefined keys. Table
E.1 shows those available for the IBM PC family (there are also
some additional verbs for reassigning Heath or VT100 function
keys, see section 1.17.2 of the original Kermit documentation).
The SET KEY command shows the list of available verbs when a
query mark (?)  is given as a definition.

Table E.1    MS-Kermit Verbs
for the IBM PC
Family
Verb    Meaning

\Kupscn    Roll up (back) to previous screen
\Kdnscn    Roll down (forward) to next screen
\Khomscn    Roll up to top of screen memory
\Kendscn    Roll down to end of screen memory (current
    position)
\Kupone    Roll screen up one line
\Kdnone    Roll screen down one line
\Kprtscn    Print the current screen
\Kdump    Append the current screen to dump file
\Kholdscrn    Toggle hold screen mode
\Klogoff    Turn off session logging
\Klogon    Turn on session logging
\Ktermtype    Toggle terminal type
\Kreset    Reset terminal emulator to initial state
\Kmodeline    Toggle modeline off/on
\Kbreak    Send a BREAK signal
\Klbreak    Send a "long BREAK" signal
\Khangup    Drop dTR so modem will hang up phone
*\Knull    Send a null (ASCII 0)
\Kdos    "Push" to DOS
\Khelp    Display CONNECT help message
\Kstatus    Display STATUS message
\Kterminals    Invoke user-defined macro TERMIANLS, if any
\Kterminalr    Invoke user-defined macro TERMINALR, if any
\Kexit    Escape back from CONNECT mode
*\Kgold, \Kpf1    VT102 keypad function key PF1
*\Kpf2..\Kpf4    VT102 keypad function keys
*\Kkp0..\Kkp9    VT102 keypad numeric keys

Other VT102 keypad keys:
*\Kkpdot, \Kkpminus, \Kkpcoma, \Kkpenter

VT102 cursor (arrow) keys:
*\Kuparr, \Kdnarr, \Klfarr, \Krtarr


NOTE:  * signifies that NCSA Telnet 2.3 supports the verb.