home *** CD-ROM | disk | FTP | other *** search
- Newsgroups: sci.math.num-analysis
- Path: sparky!uunet!europa.eng.gtefsd.com!howland.reston.ans.net!zaphod.mps.ohio-state.edu!pacific.mps.ohio-state.edu!cis.ohio-state.edu!news.sei.cmu.edu!bb3.andrew.cmu.edu!crabapple.srv.cs.cmu.edu!oghattas
- From: oghattas+@cs.cmu.edu (Omar Ghattas)
- Subject: Re: FEM with SYMMETRIC but NON-POSITIVE stiffness
- Message-ID: <C1LKpA.7F.1@cs.cmu.edu>
- Sender: news@cs.cmu.edu (Usenet News System)
- Nntp-Posting-Host: gaia.edrc.cmu.edu
- Organization: School of Computer Science, Carnegie Mellon
- References: <ROGER.93Jan27083432@kea.grace.cri.nz>
- Distribution: inet
- Date: Fri, 29 Jan 1993 04:05:32 GMT
- Lines: 27
-
- >My question(s) are: is this really true? How does one set about
- >proving (or disproving) positive-definiteness? what is the
- >physical significance of positive-definiteness?
-
- The existence of a definite coefficient matrix is a sign that the
- operator form of the problem can be obtained by an extremum principle
- (minimum principle => positive definite, max => neg def). This is
- typically possible for self-adjoint, (positive) definite operators.
- In this case, the Ritz method and the Galerkin method are equivalent,
- and it can be shown that the resulting approximation is optimal, in the
- sense that it minimizes the discretization error (in an "energy" norm).
- It is easy to show that the coefficient matrix must be (positive)
- definite. The classic example is linear elasticity; the minimum
- principle is minimum potential energy or minimum complimentary energy.
- For example, the differential equation for axial deformation of an
- elastic bar -ku" = f can be obtained by finding u(x) that minimizes
- the functional \int 0.5k(u')^2 - fu dx. On the other hand, the
- convection-diffusion equation -ku" + cu' = f is not derivable by
- extremizing a functional, so we cannot expect the coefficient matrix
- be definite.
-
- Numerically, many nice properties accrue from positive definiteness.
- With direct methods, we need not worry about stability and are free to
- pivot to reduce fill-in. Certain iterative methods (e.g. Jacobi, Gauss
- Seidel, conjugate gradients) are guaranteed to converge from any
- starting iterate.
-
-