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- From: wkaiser@MtHolyoke.edu (William F. Kaiser)
- Newsgroups: rec.models.railroad,rec.models.scale,rec.crafts.metalworking
- Subject: Porcupine Boilers?
- Date: 28 Jan 1993 14:30:56 -0500
- Organization: Mount Holyoke College
- Lines: 61
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- A few years ago I built a simple gauge 1 live steam locomotive, with pot
- boiler. Since then, I have read a few things about porcupine boilers for
- Gauge 1 live steam locomotives. Basically, these are pot boilers with
- copper rods, quills, sticking through the boiler shell. The idea of this
- boiler type is to increase the heating surface without getting into the
- complications of fire or water tubes. I am starting to think about
- building another loco, and am wondering about a porcupine boiler.
-
- I have plenty of information about designing conventional fire tube loco
- boilers, and water tube boilers for the smaller scales, but nothing on
- designing porcupine boilers. Does anyone have any practical experience
- with this type of boiler? If not, can anyone apply some good model
- engineering theory? The following is a list of questions that come
- to mind as important in designing a boiler.
-
- 1 Is there an optimum diameter of quill? Very large diameters would
- encroach on the boiler's water space. Very small diameters could burn
- off in the fire. Can this optimal diameter be expressed as a proportion
- of boiler barrel diameter?
- 2 How much quill should be in the water and how much in the fire? Half
- and half would be a logical guess, but is there a better ratio?
- 3 Is the part of a quill in the steam space of any use, or will only the
- submerged part be of use in raising steam? If this is the case, a
- boiler with long quills should steam well when full and have a
- decreasing steaming capacity as the water level falls. Would a boiler
- with short quills maintain a constant steaming rate?
- 4 Numbers 2 and 3 are related to the question of how long should the
- quills be. Can this length be expressed as a fraction of the boiler
- diameter or as a multiple of the quill diameter?
- 5 How many quills should a boiler have? Will just a few quills make a
- boiler that is a noticeably better steamer than a simple pot boiler, or
- does it take a great many quills to make a difference? If there are too
- many quills will water circulation be impaired or strength of the boiler
- be decreased? Can a minimum quill spacing be expressed in terms of
- quill diameter? Is there an optimal ratio of quill heating surface to
- boiler barrel heating surface?
- 6 What is the best quill orientation? Should they go through the barrel
- in a radial direction, or would circulation and steaming be improved if
- the quills were vertical?
- 7 How should quills be arranged in the boiler? Should they be in rows,
- staggered rows, etc.?
- 8 What is the best firebox arrangement? Should the hot gasses pass around
- the sides of the boiler and be vented at the top? If so, how big should
- the fire space around the boiler be? If the space is too large the
- heat transfer to the quills may not be optimized. If the space is too
- restricted, there may not be enough draft for efficient burning. Can
- the boiler be enclosed in an outer barrel with the hot gasses passing
- under the boiler to a smoke box and out the stack, such as is done with
- water tube boilers? Then what is the size relationship between inner
- and outer barrels?
- 9 Given the volume of the boiler, its heating surface, and desired working
- pressure, how much fire will be needed to make steam? That is, what
- volume of fuel (presumably alcohol) must be burned per minute to
- maintain pressure? How many wicks and of what size would burn this much
- fuel?
-
- Thanks for any help I can get on this topic.
-
- William Kaiser
- wkaiser@mhc.mtholyoke.edu
-